Glycolysis

A visually appealing illustration depicting the glycolysis pathway, showcasing key molecules like glucose, ATP, and pyruvate with arrows indicating the transformation steps, set within a cellular environment.

Glycolysis Knowledge Challenge

Test your understanding of glycolysis with our engaging quiz! Explore the essential biochemical processes and understand how glucose metabolism plays a crucial role in cellular energy production.

Key Features:

  • 11 thought-provoking questions
  • Varied question formats: Multiple choice, checkboxes, and open-ended
  • Perfect for students and educators alike
11 Questions3 MinutesCreated by LearningPathway245
During the preparatory, or energy investment, phase of glycolysis, …A…molecules of ATP are hydrolyzed per molecule of glucose. During the payoff phase, ….B…molecules of ATP are synthesized per molecule of glucose. The net yield is….C….molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose.
A=1
A=2
B=2
B=4
C=3
C=2
Write down the two chemical structures for the transition of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. When considering the state of the carboxylic acid group, assume that the pyruvate is at physiological pH (around 7.4)
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3 In your own words, explain why it is necessary to convert 2phosphoglycerate into phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) instead of directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from 2-phosphoglycerate.
Answer: Dehydration of 2-phosphoglycerate establishes a double bond between carbon 3 and 2 during formation of PEP. This constrains the mesomeric freedom of the whole molecule and in particular constrains the freedom to move for the negatively charged phosphate at C2 relative to the negatively charged carboxyl group at C1. This reaction decreases entropy, destabilizing the molecule by increasing its free energy by about a factor of 3.5. Establishing the double bond at this position is like tightening up the string on a bow. Now the phosphate bound at C2 can be transferred and bound to ADP leading to the formation of ATP and rearranging the double bond a carbonyl group can be established at C2 maintaining part of the free energy buildup in PEP and drive the transformation of PEP into Pyruvate
This figure represents the steps in the payoff phase of glycolysis. Select the appropriate molecule to each step in the pathway and associate the number of the molecule with each of the zones.
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The above molecule represents ?
Glucose
Glucose-6-phosphate
Fructose-6-phosphate
Fructose
Glucose-6-phosphate is formed by the action of the first enzyme in glycolysis, called
Aldolase
Hexokinase
PFK-1
Enolase
You know that ATP is a major energy currency of cells. What are TWO energetic reasons that ATP is well-suited for this role?
The chemical structure of nucleotides makes reaction coupling particularly simple for ATP.
ATP is readily synthesized from higher-energy molecules by substrate-level phosphorylation.
ATP sequentially donates all three phosphates with an equal free energy of hydrolysis, thus it can store a large amount of energy in smaller "packets".
ATP phosphorylates many other molecules that have a lower free energy of hydrolysis.
ATP phosphorylates many other molecules that have a higher free energy of hydrolysis.
What are TWO common features of reactions that are coupled together by cells?
They are catalyzed by different enzymes
They are catalyzed by the same enzyme.
They share all of the same products and reactants
They share some of the same products and reactants.
The difference of the standard free energies of the two reactions is exactly zero.
Select the appropriate enzyme names to label the boxes representing the steps in ethanol fermentation catalyzed by the enzymes.
1=Pyruvate Decarboxylase
2=Pyruvate Decarboxylase
1=Alcohol Dehydrogenase
2=Alcohol Dehydrogenase
Hat does this reaction represent?
The final step in ethanol fermentation - the conversion of acetaldehyde to ethanol.
The second-to-last step in ethanol fermentation - the conversion of pyruvate to acetaldehyde
The final step in lactate fermentation - the conversion of pyruvate to lactate.
The final step in glycolysis - the conversion of PEP to pyruvate.
Why do human cells utilize lactate fermentation under anaerobic conditions?
To generate additional ATP from each molecule of glucose
To regenerate NAD+ to support continued glycolysis
To regenerate NADH to support continued glycolysis
To generate lactate to enter the Cori cycle
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