MCP PEDIA (Lesson 3-5)
Understanding SGA and Growth Restriction
Test your knowledge on small for gestational age (SGA) infants and growth restrictions with our comprehensive quiz. This quiz covers key concepts, causes, and symptoms relevant to fetal growth patterns.
Join to enhance your understanding and awareness.
- 50 multiple-choice questions
- Applicable for healthcare professionals and learners
- Insights on prenatal health and complications
Infants whose weight is less than the 10th percentile on an intrauterine growth curve for that gestational age
Premature
Post mature
SGA (Small for Gestational Age)
LGA (Large for Gestational Age)
Results from placental or maternal problems that growth restrictions. - typically manifest in the 2nd or 3rd trimester .
Symmetric Growth Restrictions
Asymmetric Growth Restrictions
A in gestation, often the fetal pattern problem that begins early first trimester .
Symmetric Growth Restrictions
Asymmetric Growth Restrictions
Common causes of symmetric growth restrictions, except:
Renal disease
Genetic disorders
First Trimester congenital infections like cytomegalovirus, rubella or toxoplasma gondii
Resulting from maternal disease involving the small blood vessels.
Placental involution
Placental insufficiency
Chronic maternal hypoxemia
Maternal malnutrition
It is caused by pulmonary or cardiac diseases.
Placental involution
Placental insufficiency
Chronic maternal hypoxemia
Maternal malnutrition
Accompanying postmaturity
Placental involution
Placental insufficiency
Chronic maternal hypoxemia
Maternal malnutrition
Common causes of asymmetric growth restrictions, except:
Preeclampsia
Hypertension
Genetic disorders
Long standing diabetes
An infant may also have asymmetric growth restriction and be small for gestational age if the mother is a heavy user of opioids, cocaine, alcohol, and/or tobacco during pregnancy.
True
False
Maybe
Many SGA infants are healthy but just constitutionally small, and not all infants whose growth was restricted in utero are SGA (weight is < the 10th percentile for gestational age).
True
False
Sign and symptoms of SGA. Select all that apply
Thin muscle mass and due to decrease subcutaneous tissue.
Skin appearance, ear cartilage, sole creases, alert spontaneous activity, zest for feeding
Sunken facial feature resembling those of an elderly person ("wizened facies").
Thick and large umbilical cord.
Full-term SGA infants do not have the complications related to organ system immaturity that preterm infants of similar size have.
True
False
Maybe
Fetus should be assessed before labor and the fetal heart rate should be monitored after labor.
True
False
Maybe
If fetal compromise is detected, rapid delivery, often by cesarean delivery, is indicated.
True
False
Due to placental insufficiency.
Meconium aspiration
Hypoglycemic
Placental asphyxia
Polycythemia
Due to perinatal asphyxia, that triggers Vagus reflex of anal sphincter releasing meconium.
Meconium aspiration
Hypoglycemia
Placental asphyxia
Polycythemia
It is caused by placental insufficiency (decrease O2).
Meconium asphyxia
Hypoglycemia
Placental asphyxia
Polycythemia
Lack of adequate glycogen synthesis does decrease glycogen stores and must be treated quickly with IV glucose.
Meconium asphyxia
Hypoglycemia
Placental asphyxia
Polycythemia
Underlying conditions and complications are treated.
True
False
There is a specific intervention for the SGA, but prevention is aided by prenatal advice on the importance of avoiding alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs.
True
False
Infants whose weight is > the 90th percentile for gestational age.
Premature
Postmature
SGA
LGA
This rule is used to estimate the weight of the fetus in grams.
Johnson’s Rule
Bartholomew’s Rule
Jhonson’s Rule
Jonson’s Rule
Which of the following is the correct formula for Johnson’s Rule?
Fundic height in m – n (k)
Fundic height in cm + n (k)
Fundic height in cm – n (k)
Fundic height in cm + n (k)
K is constant, it is always _____. N is 12 if the fetus is engaged. It is 11 if the fetus is not yet engaged.
144
155
166
177
Cerebral gigantism
Marshall syndrome
Weaver syndrome
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Sotos syndrome
Distinctive face with a flattened nasal bridge and nostrils that are tilted upward.
Marshall syndrome
Weaver syndrome
Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome
Sotos syndrome
Characterized by macrosomia, omphalocele and macroglossia and nevus flammeus.
Marshall syndrome
Weaver syndrome
Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome
Sotos syndrome
Bone overgrowth, usually very tall and may have distinct facial features, such as wide set eyes.
Marshall syndrome
Weaver syndrome
Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome
Sotos syndrome
This rule determines the Age if Gestation (AOG) of a fetus depending on the height of fundus.
Johnson’s rule
Jonson’s rule
Bartholomew’s rule
Bartholome’s rule
Below xiphoid process
12 weeks
20 weeks
24 weeks
32 and 40 weeks
At symphysis pubis
12 weeks
20 weeks
24 weeks
32 and 40 weeks
2cm above umbilicus
12 weeks
20 weeks
24 weeks
16 weeks
Between symphysis pubis and umbilicus
12 weeks
20 weeks
24 weeks
16 weeks
Xiphoid process
36 weeks
28 weeks
24 weeks
16 weeks
Signs and Symptoms of LGA. Select all that apply
Small
Obese
Plethoric
5 minutes AS may be low
Listless, limp and feed poorly
Because of the infant’s large size, vaginal delivery may be difficult and occasionally results in birth injury, particularly including SHOULDER DYSTOCIA, FRACTURE OF THE CLAVICLE OR LIMBS, and PERINATAL ASPHYXIA
True
False
Other complications occur when weight is less than 3000 g.
True
False
There is a proportional increase in morbidity and mortality due to the following: EXCEPT
Respiration Distress
Meconium aspiration
Hyperglycemia
Polycythemia
Hypoglycemia
Blood glucose levels should be closely monitored by bedside testing from birth through the first ___ hours.
6hrs
12hrs
24hrs
48hrs
Oral treatment with __% glucose gel may be tried first, but if there is persistent hypoglycemia, parenteral IV glucose is given.
40%
30%
20%
10%
In polycythemia (⬆insulin levels ⬆fetal metabolism and thus ⬇oxygen consumption.)
True
False
If the placenta is unable to meet the ⬆ oxygen demand, fetal hypoxemia occurs, triggering an ⬆ in erythropoietin.
True
False
What does RDS means?
Respiration Disorder Syndrome
Respiratory Disorder System
Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Respiratory Distress Symptoms
Fetal lung immaturity less than __ weeks of gestation.
39weeks
42weeks
37weeks
40weeks
Surfactant is not produced in adequate amounts until relatively late in gestation ( _________ weeks).
32 to 34 weeks
34 to 36 weeks
36 to 38 weeks
38 to 40 weeks
The following are signs and symptoms of RD, except:
Decrease RR
Infant become hypoxemic
Rapid labored breathing
Increase RR
Flaring of nasal alae
Decreased breath sounds
Sternal retractions
Labored grunting respirations
Signs and symptoms of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome. Select all that apply
Tachypnea, Cyanosis, Nasal Flaring
Chest retractions
Rales and ronchi
Yellow urine
Greenish yellow staining of the umbilical cord
Staining of the skin and the nail beds
Treatment for Meconium Aspiration Syndrome. Select all that apply
IV Antibiotics
Suctioning at birth before the first breath
Supplemental O2
Endotracheal intubation as needed
Massage
It is related to neonates physical illness and hospitalization.
Hyperthermia
Risk for Impaired parent/neonates attachment
Fluid volume deficit
Interrupted breastfeeding
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