Environmental Science Final
The human population appears to be ____ shaped?
J-shaped exponential
J-shaped logistic
S-shaped exponential
S-shaped logistic
Rate of human population?
2 per second
5 per minure
10 per second
1 per minute
What is the proportion of the world’s population that is under 15?
10%
15%
25%
45%
The rates of human fertility are______.
Relatively stable
Increasing
Declining
Unpredictable
About 1/3 of the world’s population lives in______.
China and India
Pakistan and Bangladesh
US and Germany
Brazil and Ethiopia
What is the projected population in 2050?
12 billion
10 billion
8 billion
6 billion
The medium range prediction of the size of the human population is?
6 billion
9 billion
12 billion
15 billion
Where would you expect to find mangroves?
Tropical forests
Tropical coasts
Arctic Tundra
Coral Reefs
What does the “O” in HIPPO stand for?
Open land
Overharvesting
Overabundance
Oceans
Half of all wood globally is used for?
Lumber
Fuel
Paper
Railroad ties
The fastest growing use for lumber is?
Lumber
Paper
Fuel
Railroad ties
What percent of forest land is protected in some way?
2%
12%
22%
32%
What proportion of the earth’s land surface is in some form of a park?
32%
22%
12%
2%
In the past 30 years, the number of protected parks has _______.
Remained stable
Fluctuated with the world's economy
Decreased
Increased
____ is deep, rock-free wind blown soil.
Loam
Loess
Silt
Sand
Green Revolution” plants________.
Require less water
Require less fertilizer
Greatly increases yields
All of these
The proportion of US soybeans that is genetically modified is_____?
5%
20%
60%
90%
What determines a wetland?
Depth of the water
Length of time under water
Types of animals
Types of plants
Which factors affect the toxicity of a substance?
Dose of toxin
Sensitivity of an individual
Length of exposure
All of these
On average, how much of the energy present in herbivores is captured by the carnivores that eat them?
100%
50%
10%
1%
What happens to temperature as you go higher in the atmosphere?
Temp increases
Temp decreases
Temp increases, then decreases, then increases, and then decreases
Temp decreases, then increases, then decreases, and then increases
What percent of all water in the world is fresh water?
2%
5%
10%
30%
What percentage of fresh water is made from ice and snow?
40%
87%
34%
50%
Which source of water stores most fresh water, has a relatively long recharge rate, and is a renewable source?
Fresh surface water
Ice and snow
Ground water
_______ is the amount of water withdrawn from source.
Extraction
Consumption
Aquifers
_______ is the amount that is not returned or reused.
Extraction
Consumption
Aquifers
What percent of water is used for toilets?
26.7%
12.8%
80.4%
22.2%
What is the major source that uses water?
Irrigation
Industrial
Domestic
The element most abundant in the earth is_________.
Oxygen
Calcium
Iron
Sodium
Sodium
Which is the element most abundant in the earth’s crust?
Iron
Oxygen
Sodium
Aluminum
How old is life on earth?
4.5 billion years
3.8 billion
2.5 billion years
500 million years
How old is the earth?
4.5 billion years
3.8 billion years
2.5 billion years
500 million years
_______ is a naturally occurring solid with a specific chemical makeup and crystal structure.
Mineral
Sedimentary rock
Rock
Metamorphic rock
________ is a solid aggregate of minerals.
Rock
Mineral
Igneous
Metamorphic rock
________ loose grains of other rocks consolidated by time and pressure.
Mineral
Rock
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
How long has there been multi celled organisms?
3.8 billion years
2.5 billion years
500 million years
2 million years
________ light, malleable substances useful for conducting heat and electricity.
Iron
Aluminium
Metal
Sulfur
________ are solidified hot, molten magma or lava.
Mineral
Rock
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
________________ is when you blast mountain with water canons to wash out minerals.
Mining
Underground mining
Hydraulic mining
Which metal do we recycle most?
Lead
Aluminium
Iron
Copper
Which saves the most energy when recycled?
Steel
Glass
Plastic
Aluminium
What is the #1 source of worldwide commercial energy?
Coal
Oil
Natural gas
Wood
Nuclear
Which term best describes “the social and cultural conditions that affect an individual or a community”?
Science
System
Development
Environment
The world’s richest countries use ____ % of the world’s fossil fuels?
5-8%
15-18%
25-28%
50-80%
Which fuel has the most proven reserves?
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Which sector of the U.S. Economy uses the most energy?
Residential
Industrial
Commercial
Transportation
The U.S. is ____% of the world’s population and uses ____ % of the world’s fossil fuels?
5%, 25%
5%, 50%
25%, 25%
25%, 50%
What percent of U.S. Oil is imported?
47%
27%
67%
87%
Greater than 87%
The average citizen of the U.S. uses ____ times as much energy as a citizen in a poor country such as Bhutan, Nepal, or Ethiopia?
3
30
300
3000
Which energy source is least efficient?
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Converts solar energy directly to electricity and uses semiconductor materials.
Concentrated solar
Photovoltaic cells
Which fuel has the least proven reserves?
Coal
Oil
Natural gas
_______ is used to generate electricity.
Concentrated solar power
Photovoltaic cells
What proportion of the world’s population lives in cities?
19%
59%
79%
99%
Albedo is a measure of the earth’s_______.
Radiation
Reflection
Absorption
Convection
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