Immunology MIDTERM - Raghad Munir

Which one of the molecules is responsible for exit the lymphocytes from the lymph node:

All of the following are correct about acquired immunity except:

Pattern recognition receptors (PRR) include:

The mononuclear phagocyte system does not include:

Clonal selection occurs when antigen is encountered by:

Protective antibodies against infectious agents are often:

T cell surface receptors for antigen partly recognize:

The Fc receptor with the highest affinity of the following five receptors is:

The percentage of human peripheral blood T-cells bearing a gamma delta T-cell receptor is:

An epitope

Which of the following lymphoid tissues is unencapsulated:?

The early increase in phospholipase C gamma 1 activity following Tcell stimulation:

The ____ immune system uses ____ as well as molecules (e.g. Complement components). The ____ immune system uses ____ as well as antigen recognition molecules.

Phagocytic white cells (leukocytes, e.g. macrophages) congregate within ____ when foreign organisms get through a cut in the skin.

Which of the following mediates an early response to viral infections by the innate immune system?

Which of the following immune system components would NOT recognize a macromolecule epitope (binding site)?

Which of the following is a large genomic region or gene family found in most vertebrates, playing an important role in immunity?

How are B-cell and T-cell antigen receptors distributed?

A medical student acquired hepatitis B through a needle-stick injury. The student had not received their vaccinations for this virus and eventually experienced liver problems. One of the clinical signs of this disease is jaundice, which turns the skin and sclera what color?

Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are antibodies with a wide range of clinically important applications, such as pregnancy tests, cancer diagnosis, and cancer treatment. These antibodies are ____ and come from ____ parent cell(s)

Which of the following is NOT true when comparing innate to adaptive immunity?

Which of the following components of the innate immune system involves recognition molecules such as mannan-binding lectin (MBL) for bacteria with mannose on the surface?

Which of the following components of the innate immune system involves cytokines produced by macrophages, which are produced during infection?

Which of the following components of the adaptive immune system secretes immunoglobulin (Ig)?

Humoral immunity is mediated by antibodies from ____ and is involved in the elimination of ____ pathogens. Cell mediated immunity is mediated by ____ and is involved in the elimination of ____ pathogens.

Which of the following is a transmembrane glycoprotein that serves as a co-receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR), and is also known as a cytotoxic T cell (CTL)?

An individual is bitten by a dog with rabies and begins to develop antibodies against the rabies. These antibodies are harvested and transferred to unimmunized individuals to confer protection more rapidly for these individuals. This is an example of:

Which of the following types of antigen presenting cells (APCs) has immunoglobulin that functions as a receptor, then the antigen is internalized, degraded, and presented to T cells?

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the complement system?

The genes encoding which of the following can undergo hypermutation to create receptors that are an even better fit for foreign antigens?

According to the clonal selection hypothesis, which of the following is correct

The required number of complexes of a microbial peptide and a particular class II MHC allele onthe surface of an antigen-presenting cell to initiate a T cell response specific for the viral peptide is

Which of the following statements about microbial antigen presentation is correct

A 4-year-old boy presents with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), confirmed with a nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) test. Which of the following pathogens could this child still mount a defense against?

Parasitic worm eggs are resistant to low pH and proteolytic digestion in the stomach. Adult worms living inside the lower gut are protected from many of the components of the immune response. Mast cells respond to worms. What immunoglobulin activates these mast cells, leading to degranulation?

Natural killer cell receptors NKG2/CD94 and killer inhibitory receptors allow for the killing of antibodies in the presence of:

Which one of the following is the most professional antigen presenting cell :

All of the following are MHC encoded except

Which of the following statements does not apply to IgG

A complement component which is strongly chemotactic for neutrophils is :

Your patient is a 20-year-old woman who complains of swelling on her arms and legs and a feeling of fullness in her throat that makes it difficult to breathe. The swelling are not red ,hot, or tender. You suspect she may have angioedema caused by a complement abnormality. Which of the following is the most likely explanation?

A 40-year-old man was treated for an upper respiratory tract infection with amoxicillin. 12 hours after administration of the drug, the patient developed fever, pruritus, and rashes. A complete blood count was done. Apart from anemia and mild lymphocytosis, the rest of the complete blood count was within normal limits. Direct Coombs test was positive. The most likely reason for the autoimmune hemolytic anemia after therapy in this patient was due to the drug being a:

The blood from an 8-year old boy was analyzed by flow cytometry .The cells were treated with fluorescent-labeled antibodies to various cell surface markers before they were evaluated by flow cytometry .which of the following markers would identify the B lymphocytes in the sample ?

An 18-year-old member of a college soccer team is seen by a physician becauseof chest tightness and dyspnea on exertion. A 15-cm mediastinal mass is detected radiographically. Eighty percent of the white blood cells in the peripheral blood are small, abnormal lymphocytes with lobulated nuclei and scant cytoplasm. Immunophenotyping of the abnormal cells shows them to be CD4+ and CD8+.Where would such cells normally be found in ?

A 22-year-old woman receives the series of vaccinations for hepatitis B virus. Three months later she has detectable hepatitis B surface antibody in her blood. Through which of the following cellsurface components does signal transduction from hepatitis B viral epitopes most likely occur to initiate immunoglobulin synthesis by B lymphocytes?

A 62-year-old accountant develops a solid tumor that is unresponsive to chemotherapy. He elects to participate in an experimental treatment pro- tocol to stimulate his own immune effector cells to recognize and kill the malignant cells. The tumor cells are found to have no expression of MHC class I antigens. Which of the following in vitro treatments of his tumor cells is likely to stimulate the most effective immune response when rein- fused into the patient?

The blood from an 8-year-old boy was analyzed by flow cytometry. The cells were treated with fluorescent-labeled antibodies to various cellsurface mark- ers before they were evaluated by flow cytometry. Which of the following markers would identify the B lymphocytes in the sample?

A 66-year-old man receives his flu shot in the Fall. A month later he becomes infected with a strain of influenza A that was in the vaccine he received. Which of the following cells is most critical in preventing the development of a severe pneumonia?

A 52-year-old woman has had malaise with fever and non- productive cough for 4 weeks. Her temperature is 37.7 C. A chest radiograph shows upper lobe cavitation along with infiltrates and focal calcifications. In this situation, there is more likely to be a subset of T helper cells secreting which of the following substances?

A Fab fragment :