Piston II - Week 1 Review
What is lead fouling?
A light tan to light brown coating all over the spark plug
Wet black deposits on the spark plug nose
When deposits connect the center electrode to the ground electrode
Sooty black deposits on the spark plug nose
When inspecting the spark plug after removal wheat are you looking for?
Erosion & wear
Erosion, cracks, leaks & wear
Erosion, leaks & wear
Cracks, leaks & wear
What tools would be used to remove spark plug leads from the spark plugs?
1 wrench
Pliers & screwdriver
Pliers & channel locks
2 wrenches
What would you do with a spark plug with a cracked nose insulator?
Replace it at the next inspection
Replace it before further flight
Nothing, continue using it
Clean it, re-gap and continue service
Who should NEVER test spark plug operation?
Apprentices
Anyone
Anyone with medical condition or implanted medical cardiac devices
Licensed engineers (that's an apprentice job)
What component on a magneto causes the mag to produce a high intensity spark even at very slow rotational speeds?
Impulse coupling
Breaker points
Primary winding
Distributor
How tight should ignition lead "B" nuts be?
80-100 in-lbs + 1/8 turn
Finger tight + 1 turn
80-100 ft-lbs + 1/8 turn
Finger tight + 1/6 turns
What are the steps for cleaning spark plugs?
Grit blast, solvent wash, dry
Remove lead deposits, grit blast, solvent wash, dry, remove residual grit
Solvent wash, dry, remove lead deposits, grit blast, remove residual grit
Remove lead deposits, grit blast, solvent wash, dry,
What tools are used to identify TDC?
The TDC locator and the timing disk
The BDC locator and the timing disk
A screwdriver to remove the plug over the timing gear
A wrench to remove the plug over the timing gear
What is the big risk when installing spark plugs?
Electrical shock
Accidental sparks igniting fuel residue/vapours
Cross threading the cylinder
Cross threading the crankcase
What is the first thing done before doing magneto to engine timing?
Install the timing indicator
Remove all ignition leads
Remove the propeller
Remove all spark plugs
How do you tell if a cylinder is on the compression stroke?
Just look in the spark plug hole for when the piston is travelling upwards in the cylinder
Pressure will "blow" your finger out of the cylinder as the engine is turned in the correct direction
Pressure will "suck" your finger into the cylinder as the engine is turned in the correct direction
No air will flow in or out of the cylinder as the engine is turned
What is a bridged spark plug gap?
When deposits connect the center electrode to the ground electrode
Sooty black deposits on the spark plug nose
Wet black deposits on the spark plug nose
A light tan to light brown coating all over the spark plug
What kind of magneto drives are used?
Directly driven and cable driven
Magnetically driven & rubber bushing driven
Directly driven & rubber bushing driven
In-directly driven & rubber bushing driven
Where will you find instructions for internal magneto timing?
In the engine maintenance manual - in the ignition system section
FAA advisory circular AC43.13A & B
Each magneto manufacturer will have instructions for this process
In the aircraft maintenance manual - in the engines section
Where must the engine be set before installing a magneto?
Cylinder #1 TDC
Cylinder #1 power stroke
Cylinder #1 firing position
Cylinder #1 BDC
When setting e-gap on magnetos without an impulse coupling what must you do?
Set the magneto shaft to the correct position
Ensure the coupling is loaded and stop
Ensure the coupling has released and turn back to the required position
Ensure the coupling is loaded and turn back to the required position
Why should you never move a propeller unless absolutely necessary?
Because you may damage the vacuum pump vanes
Because the engine may fire & start if the "p lead" is grounded
Because the engine may fire & start if the "p lead" is not grounded
Because you may damage the crankshaft due to moving it without lubrication
What is oil fouling?
Wet black deposits on the spark plug nose
When deposits connect the center electrode to the ground electrode
A light tan to light brown coating all over the spark plug
Sooty black deposits on the spark plug nose
What is the purpose of internal magneto timing?
To time the engine to the magneto
To time the magneto to the engine
To adjust the points to open at the best point for the highest energy spark
To adjust the points to close at the best point for the highest energy spark
What should be done after cleaning spark plugs?
Gap, test, install new crush gaskets & install into engine
Install old crush gaskets & install into engine
Test, gap, install new crush gaskets & install into engine
Test, gap, install old crush gaskets & install into engine
What tool will be used to determine if the points on a magneto are open?
Feeler gauge
Timing box
MK1 eyeball
Screwdriver
What tool will be used to determine if the points on a magneto are closed?
Timing box
Feeler gauge
Screwdriver
MK1 eyeball
When setting e-gap on magnetos with an impulse coupling what must you do?
Ensure the coupling is loaded and stop
Ensure the coupling has released and turn back to the required position
Ensure the coupling is loaded and turn back to the required position
Set the magneto shaft to the correct position
How will spark plug installation be started?
By cordless driver
By impact driver
By ratchet
By hand
What is carbon fouling?
When deposits connect the center electrode to the ground electrode
Wet black deposits on the spark plug nose
Sooty black deposits on the spark plug nose
A light tan to light brown coating all over the spark plug
Once a spark plug is cleaned and gapped what should you do with it?
Install it immediately
Protect the end of the plug with a coating of grease
Take care to avoid damage & contamination before installation
Protect the end of the plug with a coating of anti-seize
What must be done if a spark plug is dropped?
Nothing, just install it
It must be re-cleaned, gapped and tested before installation
It must be re-cleaned, gapped, inspected and tested before installation
It must be thrown away
How much wear is allowed to the spark plug electrodes before scrapping?
50%
25%
40%
30%
How can you set the engine to the correct firing position?
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the starter housing mark
Using the starter pinion gear mark to the starter housing mark
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the crankcase seam
Through inspection plugs using timing marks on gears
How can you set the engine to the correct firing position? #4
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the crankcase seam
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the starter housing mark
Using special tools
Using the starter pinion gear mark to the starter housing mark
What is used to disable magneto ignition systems?
The Q-lead
The I-lead
The P-lead
The power connection to the battery is opened
Where are the timing marks on the Lycoming engine installed on the C172?
On the flywheel & alternator
On the crank flange, starter housing and the crankcase
On the flywheel, starter housing and the crankcase
By removing the inspection plug & looking for the marks on the gears
How many spark plugs do you remove before a compression test?
All
2 per cylinder
3 per cylinder
1 per cylinder
How can you set the engine to the correct firing position? #3
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the crankcase seam
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the starter housing mark
Using timing marks on the flywheel & upper case seam
Using the starter pinion gear mark to the starter housing mark
What must be done to prepare a magneto for installation on the engine?
By putting a 10 penny nail through the starter housing into the shaft
Set the timing to cylinder #4 firing position by using a timing pin through the distributor gear
Set the timing to cylinder #1 firing position by using a 10 penny nail through the housing into the magnet drive shaft
By rotating the flywheel until the chamfered tooth is centered in the side window
Where do cylinders typically have leaks during a compression check?
Rings, piston head and cylinder base
Intake valve, cylinder head and exhaust valve
Rings, piston head and cylinder barrel
Rings, intake valve & exhaust valve
What must be done to prepare a magneto for installation on the engine?
By rotating the magneto shaft until the painted chamfered tooth is centered in the window
By putting a 10 penny nail through the starter housing into the shaft
By rotating the flywheel until the painted chamfered tooth is centered in the side window
Set the timing to cylinder #4 firing position by using a timing pin through the distributor gear
What must you do to time both magnetos on an aircraft engine?
Turn the ignition switch to R
Turn the ignition switches to off
Turn the ignition switches to on
Turn the ignition switch to L
Why should you never touch the ignition leads when moving the propeller?
LOW VOLTAGE electrical shock is possible
Nothing will happen
HIGH VOLTAGE electrical shock is possible
High CURRENT electrical shock is possible
How securely should you hold on to the propeller during a differential compression check?
Only lightly
You don't need to hold the propeller
Just tie the prop loosely to the wing tip
As tightly as possible
Once the magneto and the engine are timed correctly what do you do?
Connect the timing light and install the magneto
Remove the timing pin install the magneto and torque the hardware
Install the magneto with torqued hardware and remove the timing pin
Install the magneto with snug hardware and remove the timing pin
How many people does it take to do a differential compression test?
3
4
2
1
How can you set the engine to the correct firing position? #1
Using the starter pinion gear mark to the starter housing mark
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the crankcase seam
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the starter housing mark
Using timing marks on the crankshaft flange and the crankcase seam
What must you do to time both magnetos on an aircraft engine?
Ground out the P-Leads
Connect the P-leads from the magnetos
Disconnect the P-leads from the magnetos
Connect the P-Leads to the battery
How is engine to magneto timing adjusted on a horizontally opposed engine?
By changing gear sets
By use of a vernier coupling
By turning the magneto on the accessory housing
By turning the flywheel on the crankshaft
How do you know if you are at TDC in the compression stroke during a differential compression check?
The impulse couplings will have "snapped" 25 degrees earlier
The propeller will only want to move a little bit
The propeller will want to move a lot
The propeller will not want to move
When doing a BDC cylinder leak test what would indicate a leak?
Wavering of the propeller
Burping and knocking from the cylinder
Difficulty in holding the propeller
Bubbles & a hissing sound
What must be done to prepare a magneto for installation on the engine?
By putting a 10 penny nail through the starter housing into the shaft
Set the timing to cylinder #1 firing position by using a timing pin through the distributor gear
Set the timing to cylinder #4 firing position by using a timing pin through the distributor gear
By rotating the flywheel until the chamfered tooth is centered in the side window
Which of the following would indicate excessive Piston Ring leakage?
Hissing sound from the crankcase breather line
Hissing sound from the induction filter
None of the above, piston rings do not leak
Hissing sound from the muffler tail pipe
How much pressure should be applied to the cylinder during a compression test?
29.92 in Hg
80 PSI
70 PSI
80 Bar
What is this tool?
Differential compression tester
Instantaneous compression tester
Dual altimeter
Hydraulic pressure gauge
How can you set the engine to the correct firing position?
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the starter housing mark
Using the starter pinion gear mark to the starter housing mark
Using timing marks on the alternator pulley & timing mark plate
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the crankcase seam
What should you never do when doing a differential compression check?
Stand beside the engine
Stand behind the prop
Stand in or near the prop disk
Stand in front of the prop
Which of the following would indicate excessive exhaust valve leakage?
Hissing sound from the muffler tail pipe
None of the above, piston rings do not leak
Hissing sound from the induction filter
Hissing sound from the crankcase breather line
What will happen if you forget to remove the magneto timing pin?
Trivial damage to the magneto
Severe damage to the engine
Severe damage to the magneto
No damage to the magneto
How do you know that both magnetos have the same timing?
The buzz box lights will change state at the same time
The buzz box lights will flash alternately back and forth
One light on the buzz box will change state before the other
The buzz box lights will not change state
What can happen if the propeller moves freely during a compression check?
Nothing
Minor bruising
Small cuts
Death or severe injury
Which of the following would indicate excessive intake valve leakage?
Hissing sound from the crankcase breather line
Hissing sound from the induction filter
None of the above, piston rings do not leak
Hissing sound from the muffler tail pipe
How do you know when you reach compression stroke during a compression test?
You feel resistance when turning the prop with the compression tester not connected
There is no way to tell if you are in the compression stroke without applying pressure
You feel resistance when turning the prop with the compression tester connected
You will feel the prop begin to "pull" through the stroke by itself
How can you set the engine to the correct firing position?
Using timing marks on the flywheel & starter housing
Using the starter pinion gear mark to the starter housing mark
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the starter housing mark
Using the #1 blade of the propeller to the crankcase seam
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