BCM MCQs
Explore the World of Microorganisms
Test your knowledge about the fascinating realm of microorganisms with our comprehensive quiz! This quiz covers various topics, including bacteria, fungi, algae, and their roles in our ecosystem.
Challenge yourself with questions like:
- How do bacteria multiply?
- Which algae are most closely related to plants?
- What group do oomycetes belong to?
Plants and microorganisms release oxygen into the earth's atmosphere. The percentage of oxygen produced on earth by microorganisms is:
60%
80%
30%
50%
90%
Bacteria which can survive in hot springs are called:
Psychrophiles
Thermophiles
Hyperthermophiles
Mesophiles
Psychrotolerant
The correct nomenclature for the skin bacterium which can cause food poisoning is:
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus Aureus
The ancient bacteria which first produced oxygen by photosynthesis belong to the group named:
Archaea
Cyanobacteria
Photobacteria
Fusobacteria
Oxybacteria
The three major groups of eukaryotic microorganisms are:
Algae, protozoa and fungi
Fungi, protozoa and archaea
Bacteria, archaea and algae
Protozoa, algae and archaea
Fungi, protozoa and bacteria
Microorganisms are found in:
Drinking water
Frozen foods
Aircraft fuel tanks
The human gastrointestinal tract
All examples listed
Microorganisms have existed on Earth for approximately:
0.5 billion years
1.5 billion years
2.5 billion years
3.5 billions years
4.5 billion years
In general, which type of infectious disease has been most successfully controlled by antimicrobial agents?
Algal
Bacterial
Viral
Protozoal
Fungal
Which penicillin-producing species of fungus was discovered by Alexander Fleming?
Penicillium antibioticus
Penicillium roquefortii
Penicillium chrysogenum
Penicillium notatum
Penicillium penicillin
The enzyme catalase detoxifies which of the following molecules?
Triplet oxygen
Singlet oxygen
Hydroxyl free radical
Superoxide anion
Hydrogen peroxide
How many of the following factors affect the growth of microorganisms? Nutrient availability; water activity; pH; temperature; oxygen.
Three
Five
One
Two
Four
A microorganism which has an optimum temperature for growth of 4oC can be classified as:
Hyperthermophile
Thermophile
Psychrotolerant
Mesophile
Psychrophile
Organisms maintain pH at a constant level through the use of:
Proteins
Salts
Carbohydrates
Buffers
Water
How do bacteria multiply?
Depending on the species, by either binary fission or hyphal extension.
By budding only
By hyphal extension only
By meiosis
By binary fission only
The main feature of a prokaryotic bacterial cell is:
The presence of a nucleus
The lack of plasmids
The presence of plasmids
The presence of ribosomes
The lack of nucleus
Which phase of microbial growth in batch culture is characterised by the following: a decrease in primary metabolic activity, the production of secondary metabolites and a decrease in cell viability?
Stationary phase
Death phase
Exponential phase
Lag phase
Decleration
Choose the TWO correct answers from the five options. A bacterial culture enters stationary phase because:
The cells are preparing for rapid growth.
Toxic products of metabolism may have accumulated.
The energy source may have been depleted.
The cells have aged and old cells cease dividing.
The cells must synthesise new proteins before they can resume growth.
A fungal disease of humans, involving a soreness and itching of tissues between the toes, is known as:
Bronchitis
Foot and mouth disease
Athlete's foot
Gas gangrene
Impetigo
Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by an Exotoxin?
Meningitis
Diphtheria
Tetanus
Toxic shock syndrome
Botulism
Adaptation of archaea to high temperatures is mediated by
Stability of proteins
Stability of the cell wall and DNA
Stability of DNA
Stability of the cell wall
Stability of the DNA and proteins
The main component of bacterial cell walls is
Cellulose
Teichoic acid
Proteins
Peptidoglycan
Pseudopeptidoglycan
Endospores of bacteria serve for:
Dissemination in the environment
Sexual reproduction
Infection
Vegetative reproduction
Survival under extreme conditions
Which algae are most closely related to plants?
Golden algae
Diatoms
Green algae
Brown algae
Red algae
The main feature of a prokaryotic bacterial cell is:
The presence of a nucleus
The lack of plsmids
The presence of plasmids
The lack of a nucleus
The presence of ribosomes
What group or groups are oomycetes, diatoms, red algae and amoebozoans currently classified as belonging to?
Fungi, algae and protozoa
Protists and algae
Protists
Protozoa and algae
Fungi and algae
The term "Protozoa" literally means "first animals". What is outdated about this name?
Protozoa do not have legs
Protozoa cannot move.
Protozoa evolved after true animals.
Protozoa do not have fur or feathers.
Some protozoa can photosynthesise
What is the range of highest temperatures known currently for the survival and growth of archaea?
20-40 degrees centigrade
80-100 degrees centigrade
60-80 degrees centigrade
40-60 degrees centigrade
100-120 degrees centigrade
Which statement is true?
The specific origin of the nucleic acid polymerases used by viruses is still unknown.
Viruses do not contain their own nucleic acid polymerases.
All viruses contain their own nucleic acid polymerases.
Viruses' heterogeneity derives from variations in protein as the genetic material.
Some viruses contain their own nucleic acid polymerases.
A. The protein coat of the virus is called the capsid. B. Viroids lack protein coats. Select one:
Neither A or B is true
Only B is true
Both A and B are true
Either A or B are true sometimes
Only A is true
Viral replication is: Select one:
Independently carried out by meiosis.
Independent of the cell's chromosomes but dependent on the cell itself.
Dependent on both the cell's chromosomes and the cell itself.
Dependent on the cell's chromosomes but independent of the cell itself.
Independent of both the cell's chromosomes and the cell itself (although the cell does provide a convenient matrix for replication).
Acids are defined as compounds that dissociate in water to release
Potassium ions
Chloride ions
Calcium ions
Hydrogen ions
Hyrdoxide ions
The compound or molecule of interest analysed by a biochemist is referred to as:
A solute
An analyte
An analite
A substrate
An atom
Beer's law relates the:
Amount of Stella one can drink in one session
Concentration of a substance and the amount of transmitted light detected.
Molecular mass of a substance.
Difference between the colour of two different solutions.
Distance the incidence light has to travel.
A primary objective of cell fractionation is to:
Determine the size of various organelles.
Sort cells based on their size and weight.
Separate the major organelles so that their particular functions can be investigated.
Separate lipid-soluble from water-soluble molecules.
View the structure of cell membranes.
In the fractionation of homogenized cells using centrifugation, the primary factor that determines whether a specific cellular component ends up in the supernatant or the pellet is:
The presence or absence of lipids in the component.
The size and mass of the component.
The relative solubility of the component.
The percentage of carbohydrates in the component.
The presence or absence of nucleic acids in the component.
Enzymes lower barriers that block chemical reactions by
Lowering the activation energy
Decreasing the chemical bonding
Reversing entropy
Increasing chemical bonding
Increasing the activation energy
The Km of an enzyme is:
The initials for Karl Marx
The substrate concentration where 25% the maximum velocity is reached.
The substrate concentration where half the maximum velocity is reached.
The substrate concentration where twice the maximum velocity is reached.
Its maximum velocity
The advantage of light microscopy over electron microscopy is that:
Light microscopy provides higher contrast than electron microscopy.
Light microscopy provides for higher magnification than electron microscopy.
Light microscopy provides for higher resolving power than electron microscopy.
Light microscopy allows dynamic processes in living cells to be viewed.
Specimen preparation for light microscopy does not produce artefacts.
If an image in the light microscope is viewed through a X40 objective lens and a X10 eyepiece lens, the magnification is:
X4,010
X10
X40
X50
X400
Organisms maintain pH at a constant level through the use of:
Salts
Carbohydrates
Buffers
Proteins
Water
Positive sub-atomic particles are called:
Ions
Neutrons
Protons
Isotopes
Electrons
What is the term for the positive and negative ions of a compound breaking apart in solution?
Oxidation
None of the options given
Reduction
Conglomeration
Dissociation
Quantitative analysis:
Is not necessary in a bioanalytical test.
Always yields a positive result.
Is always necessary in a bioanalytical test.
Determines the amount of a particular substance in a sample.
Detects the presence or absence of a substance in a sample.
The region of an enzyme that binds to a substrate is called:
The substrate site
A motif
The inactive site
An epitope
The activity site
What is the valence of carbon?
2
5
4
3
1
Which statement about cell division is INCORRECT?
All cell division (both mitosis and meiosis) results in genetically identical daughter cells.
Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm.
The frequency of cell division varies with the type of cell.
Mitosis is the division of the genetic material in the nucleus.
The continuity of life is based on cell division
Cells and cellular components will decay soon after collection if they are not:
Put on a slide
Stained
Cytologically fixed
Labelled with antibodies
Frozen
In a mammalian cell cycle, the duplication of chromosomes occurs during:
G2 phase
G1 phase
M phase
S phase
G0 phase
Which statement about eukaryotic cell cycle control is CORRECT?
Cell cycle control molecules - cyclins are present at a constant concentration in the growing cell.
Checkpoint of mammalian cell cycle is only found in the S phase.
Eukaryotic cell cycle is only regulated by build-in cytoplasmic signals.
Eukaryotic cell cycle is regulated at certain checkpoints by both internal and external signals.
Cyclin-Cdk complex halts the cell cycle at checkpoint.
Fredrick Sanger is the only person to have:
A functional tail.
Won two Nobel Prizes in Chemistry.
Synthesised DNA.
Sequenced a protein.
Discovered an amino acid.
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