Dental Materials Final
Dental Materials Mastery Quiz
Test your knowledge on dental materials with this comprehensive quiz designed for dental professionals and students. Featuring 88 carefully crafted questions, this quiz covers essential properties and characteristics of dental materials used in restorative practices.
Whether you’re preparing for an exam or refreshing your understanding, you’ll find valuable insights in:
- Thermal expansion
- Adhesion and cement types
- Restorative techniques
- Material properties and characteristics
Why is the coefficient of thermal expansion significant in dental materials?
It measures the change in volume or length of a restoration
It measures the change in oral temperature related to foods ingested.
It measures the amount of stress and strain placed on the restoration.
It measures the amount of percolation of the restoration interface.
The coefficient of thermal expansion is a measurement of:
Change in wettability related to temperature
Change in strength related to temperature
Change in elasticity related to temperature
Change in shape related to temperature
Which. Of the following restorative techniques was first introduced in 1955?
Acid-etch technique
Synthetic resins for denture bases
Cohesive gold foil
Cast gold inlays
What is the thermal conductivity of composite resin?
Similar to tooth structure
Lower than tooth structure
Similar to metal restorations
Does not conduct temperature
If you have two different metals opposing each other in the oral cavity and add saliva, the patient may experience discomfort that might resemble a slight electrical shock followed by pain. This would be termed:
Ultimate strength
Proportional limit
Galvanism
Toughness
A patient with a crown on tooth #5 is having hot and cold sensitivity. The dentist notices that there has been substantial loss of cement at the margins and suspects that it is leaking. Which property or characteristic of the cement best explains the reason for the loss of cement?
Low elastic limit
Solubility in oral fluids
High thermal conductivity
Low compressive strength
Which of the following would be considered a good characteristic of a dental impression material?
Soluble
Thermal conductivity
Toughness
Elasticity
There are three key factors in the color of teeth, they are:
Chroma, transparent, hue
Hue, chroma, vitality
Opaque, translucent, value
Value, hue, chroma
Which of the following is not a category on an SDS?
Personal protective equipment
Health
Reactivity
mixing instructions
Flammability
Which of the following has been suggested to delay formation of surface tarnish on dental amalgams?
incremental addition
Polishing
Use of non-copper-containing dental amalgam
Under condensation
Which of the following dental restorative materials is particularly susceptible to corrosion?
Dental amalgam
Composite resin
Dental porcelain
Acrylic
Adhesion is the method of ______ retention.
Mechanical
Chemical
Dual
What is percolation?
Something that allows the ingress of bacterial and oral fluids and may lead to recurrent caries, staining, and plural irritation.
The rate at which heat flows through a material.
Something that helps seal the interface between tooth and restorative material.
A form of chemical rather than mechanical retention.
Which of the following materials has the highest ultimate compressive strength (lbs/in2)?
Porcelain
Composite resins
Amalgam
Acrylic
Which material listed would show the lowest level of solubility?
Porcelain
Amalgam
Cement
Composite resin
The color range of a tooth is usually seen by the human eye as yellow or brown. What is this component classified as?
Chroma
Value
Hue
Transparent
Through which medium is dust generated and inhaled?
Living mist
Bio-aerosol
Infectious waste
Particulate matter
When cement is mixed to deliver a permanent crown, the mixture should be mixed:
To a firm ball stage
Very thin and runny
Sticky but not too dry
To a luting consistency
Which of the following cements is used as a direct pulp-capping agent when very small exposures of the pulp are suspected?
Cavity varnish
Zinc phosphate
Calcium hydroxide
Zinc oxide eugenol
Why are high-strength bases placed in a thickness of 0.75 mm or greater?
Are identifiable on dental radiographs
Stimulate the formation of reparative dentin
Will not crack or shrink during setting
Provide protection from the thermal conduction of metal restoration
By placing a ______ provisional restoration, the dentist is able to evaluate the response of the pulp before the reappointment for a permanent restoration.
Varnish
Luting
Buildup
Sedative
Which of the following cements is highest in mechanical strength?
Resin cement
Hybrid ionomer
Zinc polycarboxylate
Glass ionomer cement
Try-in paste is used to:
Tack the restoration in place to check the shade of the final product.
Bond orthodontic brackets.
Verify proper seating of crowns.
Cement posts before restorative treatment.
Which type of cement is recommended for cementing thicker ceramic restorations where light would not penetrate adequately?
Sedative
Dual-cure
Provisional
Chemical-cure
Which of the following cements should NOT be used under composites or as temporary cement before final cementation with hybrid glass ionomer or resin cements?
Glass ionomer cement
Zinc phosphate cement
Zinc oxide eugenol cement
Zinc polycarboxylate cement
______ incorporation of zinc phosphate powder into the liquid and mixing over a ______ area of a cooled glass slab are recommended because the chemical reaction is exothermic and produces heat.
Bulk; large
Bulk; small
Incremental; large
Incremental; small
Which of the following statements is true concerning the acidity of zinc phosphate cement?
Zinc phosphate cement has a high acidity throughout the time of service.
Zinc phosphate cement is incompatible with dentin bonding systems.
Ulpal protection is not recommended in deep cavity preparations when zinc phosphate cement is used, as the low acidity soothes the pulp.
The acidity of zinc phosphate cement is initially low but becomes neutral within 24 to 28 hours.
For which of the following cements is the powder dispensed in four to six portions on one end of a glass slab, and then incorporated in small increments into the liquid, with each increment mixed for 10 to 15 seconds?
Zinc polycarboxylate cement
Zinc oxide eugenol cement
Zinc phosphate cement
Glass ionomer cement
The margins of indirect restorations using ______ cements should be coated with a coating agent or varnish to protect them from moisture during the setting time.
Glass ionomer
Zinc phosphate
Zinc oxide eugenol
Zinc polycarboxylate
The composition of hybrid ionomer cement is similar to that of glass ionomer cement, but it is modified with the addition what?
Zinc
Resin
Fluoride
Orange oil
Which cement is recommended for metal-free restoration?
Glass ionomer cement
Resin-based cement
Hybrid ionomer cement
Resin-modified glass ionomer cement
What are glass ionomer cements used for?
Liner
Base
Restoration
All of the above
What is the primary purpose of calcium hydroxide?
Promote reparative dentin
Act as a protective barrier
Insulate the pulp cavity
Sedate the pulp tissue
What is the advantage of using glass ionomer cement?
Fluoride ion
Low strength
Low solubility
Sedative effect
What must be done to lower the setting time of certain cements?
Add more catalyst.
Lower the slab temperature.
Increase the slab temperature.
Setting times should not be altered.
A thick layer of cement used to protect tooth from chemical and thermal irritation should be a base/high strength base.
True
False
Which of the following statements is true regarding teeth bleaching?
All teeth bleaching products contain peroxide.
Teeth bleaching occurs when the bleaching material passes through the spaces in enamel and oxidizes the stains.
Acid etching before the application of the bleach chemical may enhance penetration of the bleach.
Acid etching will polish the surface of the enamel.
Which of the following statements is true regarding types of tooth stains?
Intrinsic stains are on the tooth surface.
All extrinsic stains can be removed by hand or ultrasonic scaling and coronal polishing.
In general, yellow-brown discolorations are easier to bleach than blue-gray and black colors.
Tetracycline derivatives such as minocycline will cause discoloration of teeth in children but not in adults.
Which of the following statements is true regarding home bleaching prescribed by the dentist?
The material consists of clear, flexible strips containing a peroxide gel that are adapted over the teeth and worn for 30 minutes at a time once or twice a day.
Only the anterior six teeth are covered.
The gel is placed in a custom-formed soft, thin plastic tray and is worn by the patient for periods as short as 30 minutes twice daily or as long as overnight.
The home bleaching process is less effective than the in-office process.
Bleaching materials often contain _____ to help cut down on tooth sensitivity.
Potassium nitrate
Fluoride
Potassium nitrate and fluoride
Calcium hydroxide
Which of the following is/are a potential side effect(s) of bleaching?
TMJ pain
Tooth sensitivity
Gum irritation
All of the above
What is the active ingredient used for in-office bleaching materials?
Sodium nitrate
Phosphoric acid
Hydrogen peroxide
Carbamide peroxide
What is the active ingredient in OTC bleaching materials?
Carbamide peroxide
Phosphoric acid
Sodium nitrate
Sodium hypochlorite
In addition to pumice, what substance is used to perform enamel microabrasion?
Carbamide peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrochloric acid
Phosphoric acid
The philosophy of _____ polishing is regarded as the most appropriate approach in the selection of which teeth and surfaces to polish.
Aggressive
Complete
Selective
No
Which of the following materials is/are recommended for polishing of composite restorations?
Air-polishing devices
Traditional prophy pastes
Ultrasonic and sonic scalers
Aluminum oxide polishing paste
What mechanical device mixes the dental amalgam alloy and mercury?
Condenser
Triturator
Carrier
Plugger
How will properly triturated amalgam appear?
A satiny ball
Dry and shiny
Shiny and wet
Dry and crumbled
Polishing of amalgam restorations should be:
Dry with a light touch.
Wet with a light touch.
Dry with heavy pressure.
Wet with heavy pressure.
When using hand instruments for margination, use very sharp instruments and begin _____ to the margin of the restoration, using a shaving motion in _____ overlapping strokes.
Coronal; horizontal
Coronal; vertical
Apical; diagonal
Apical; vertical
Air polishing utilizes a combination of _____, air, and water at a pressure of approximately 40 psi as an effective and efficient means of removing stains and soft deposits from enamel surfaces
Sodium hypochlorite
Aluminum oxide
Sodium bicarbonate
Dilute acids
Polishing the contact area between restored teeth is:
Desirable for esthetic reasons.
Undesirable because it may leave an open contact.
Undesirable because it increases treatment time.
Desirable for esthetic and functional reasons.
If polishing of implant attachments is deemed necessary, what would the hygienist use?
Flour pumice
Only a rubber cup
A slurry of tin oxide
Medium to coarse paste
When the silver-based alloy used to create dental amalgam is mixed with _____, the reaction that occurs is called amalgamation.
Methyl methacrylate
A bonding agent
An acid etchant
Mercury
It takes up to _____ for most amalgams to gain their maximum strength.
30 minutes
1 hour
12 hours
24 hours
Nickel has the highest incidence of allergic response
True
False
Which type of tooth aligner would be used for minor tooth movement?
Space maintainer
Acrylic bite guard
Thermoplastic guard worn at night
Removable acrylic base with embedded wires
Which of the following may be used to remove biofilm from implants without abrading the surface of the titanium? 1. Metal hand instruments 2. Special plastic hand instruments 3. Plastic sheaths for ultrasonic scalers 4. Nonabrasive paste or tin oxide
1, 2, 3, 4
2, 3, 4
2, 4
4
What is the acrylic guide that is used for proper implant placement called?
Splint
Splice
Stent
Screw
The _____ implant is the most commonly used in dentistry today.
Supraperiosteal
Subperiosteal
Transosteal
Endosseous
During a two-stage endosseous surgical implant placement procedure, the healing abutment is placed about _____ following placement of the implant fixture
1 week
1 month
3 months
1 year
Which of the following is true concerning home care for the implant patient?
Home care regimens should be customized for each patient.
All implant patients should receive standardized instructions.
Plaque-disclosing agents must never be used with implant patients.
Wooden plaque removers must not be used because they will scratch implants.
The success rate of dental implants is more than _____% with careful case selection.
50
70
90
99
Failure of the implant that occurs after the initial integration is often caused by which condition(s)? 1. Bacterial infection extending from the peri-implant tissues into the bone 2. Generation of excessive heat when the implant hole is drilled into the bone 3. Overloading of the implant during function
1, 2, 3
1, 2
1, 3
2
What does the term immediate-placement surgical procedure mean?
The top of the implant fixture projects through the soft tissue at the time of surgery and the healing abutment is placed.
The implant fixture is placed directly into the new socket when the implant procedure involves the extraction of a tooth.
A provisional crown is placed on the implant fixture immediately after surgical placement of the fixture.
The healing abutment is placed during the second stage of the surgical procedure.
How often should oral hygiene for implant patients be monitored?
Every 3 to 4 months
Every 6 months
Annually
At each visit
Why are endosseous implants more successful in the mandible than in the maxilla?
Blood flow is better in the mandible.
Gravity drags maxillary implants from their sockets.
The bone in the mandible is generally much denser than in the maxilla.
There is a greater lateral component of force on maxillary teeth than on mandibular teeth.
Close adaptation of _____ to the implant surface helps develop a biological seal that prevents microorganisms from invading the tissues.
Periodontal ligament fibers
Sulcular epithelium
Cementum
Saliva
Which of the following is true of abrasive materials in dentifrices?
The abrasive agents improve the efficiency of the toothbrush in the removal of stains, food debris, and biofilm.
Abrasive agents decrease the light reflected by the enamel.
Higher abrasive rankings are desirable to prevent removal of softer tooth structures and restorations.
Toothpastes do not contain abrasive materials.
What does the ADA Seal of Approval for dentifrices ensure for the consumer?
Stains will be removed.
Abrasives are within safe limits.
The paste will prevent cavities.
It is not harmful if swallowed.
Why shouldn’t prostheses with metal components be placed in dilute acid solutions or hypochlorites (bleach)?
Subsequent bad taste when reinserted into the patient’s mouth
The resultant corrosion of these components
Release of hydrogen sulfide gas
Darkening of the prostheses
Abrasive particles that are _____ will cut more efficiently.
Large and regular
Large and irregular
Small and regular
Small and irregular
Which of the following is true of microabrasion?
It utilizes sodium bicarbonate powder.
It is not meant to be used intraorally.
It is recommended for removal of stain from teeth.
It can be used to remove minimal amounts of tooth structure.
_____ generated during the polymerization of chemical-cured acrylic can potentially damage the pulp or burn soft tissues.
Heat
Off-gassing
Chemical by-products
Hydroquinone
What home care instructions would be given to a patient with a provisional restoration?
Do not brush or floss the restoration.
Brush but do not floss the restoration.
Brush and floss the restoration as you would any other tooth.
Brush and floss the restoration, sliding the floss through the cervical embrasure.
Provisional restorations are recommended only for 2 to 3:
Days
Weeks
Months
There is no time limit.
Which of the following is the most durable of the preformed crowns?
Polycarbonate crown
Stainless steel crown
Aluminum shell crown
Celluloid crown form lined with acrylic or composite materials
How long would it take a prepared tooth without occlusal/incisal and proximal contact to migrate laterally or occlusally/incisally?
Days
Weeks
Months
Years
A sports guard thickness of about _____ mm is desirable for heavy contact sports in which injuries are more likely.
1
2
4
8
Which of the following is true regarding sports guards?
They usually cover the mandibular teeth, gingiva, and bone.
They can absorb 100% of the energy from a traumatic hit to the mouth.
They cannot prevent lacerations to the lips for athletes with orthodontic braces or brackets.
They can cushion the maxillary and mandibular teeth when an athlete’s jaws are forced together by a blow to the lower jaw.
Hard acrylic guards are usually fabricated in the dental _____ and usually require _____ time to adjust than guards made from soft thermoplastic sheets.
Office; more
Office; less
Laboratory; more
Laboratory; less
What is the best method of proper home care for guards?
Brush with toothpaste to remove debris.
Soak in mouthwash to remove odors.
Store in water when not in use.
Soak in an alcohol free rinse and allow to air-dry in a rigid container.
Which type of sports mouth guard is most effective?
Stock
Custom-fit
Boil and bite
They are all equally effective.
In what situation would the dentist prescribe a night guard for a patient?
If the patient has sleep apnea
If there are signs of grinding
If there is an unexplained tooth fracture, wear, or chips
B & c
What is a common treatment for people with severe OSA?
Weight loss
Use of a CPAP
Reduced alcohol intake
Use of nasal decongestants
What is the function of an appliance for treating OSA?
Lifts the soft palate
Repositions the mandible
Postures the tongue forward
All are correct.
What is a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?
Obesity
Large neck
High blood pressure
All of the above
How much potentially traumatic energy can a custom-fit mouth guard absorb?
50%
60%
70%
80%
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