Module 14 Abortion and OCP

Regarding missed abortion, all of the following are CORRECT, EXCEPT:

Ultrasound should be done to confirm the diagnosis

Immediate evacuation should be done once the diagnosis is made

Per vaginal bleeding may be one of the presenting symptom

Disseminated intra-vascular coagulation may occur as a sequele of missed abortion

Patient may present with loss of the symptoms of pregnancy

14 weeks pregnant woman had abortion and she was told that it is a complete abortion. This is true regarding complete abortion:

Follow up with β-hCG for one year.

Uterus is usually bigger than date

After complete abortion there is minimal or no pain and minimal or no bleeding

Need to have evacuation of the uterus

Cervical OS is opened with tissue inside the cervix

In patients with three consecutive spontaneous abortion in the second trimester the most useful investigation is:

Regarding cervical incompetence, all of the following are true, EXCEPT:

Can occur in patient with history of cone biopsy

May lead to premature rupture of the membrane

Is treated by Shirodkar suture (cervical cerculage) which is best preformed early in the second trimester

Typically causes mid-trimester abortions

Typically causes painful abortions

Management of a patient with threatened abortion includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

A 25-year-old primigravida with 8 weeks threatened abortion, ultrasound would most likely reveal:

Collapsed gestational sac

Empty gestational sac

An intact gestational sac with fetal

Fetal heart motion in the adnexia

Thickened endometrium with no gestational sac

Regarding incomplete abortion, all are true, EXCEPT:

Management include evacuation

Ultrasound shows intact gestational sac non- viable fetus

Ultrasound shows retained product of conception

There is a history of tissue passed per vagina

The cervix is open on vaginal examination

Incompetent cervix

Is best diagnosed by history

Is not encounted with uterine anomities

Is a cause for fetal congenital abnormalities

Can be treated with tocolytics

Is a cause for early pregnancy loss

Of the proposed etiologies for recurrent pregnancy wastage, the least likely is:

The most common etiology for spontaneous abortion of a recognized first trimester gestation:

Chromosomal anomaly in 20-30% of gestations

Chromosomal anomaly in 50-60% of gestations

. Maternal Diabetes

Maternal hypothyroidism

Progesterone deficiency

In threatened abortion, which one of the following items is TRUE?

In the majority of cases pregnancy will continue without any complication

Evacuation is the best treatment

Does not necessitate giving Anti-D for Rh-negative mother

All patients should be admitted

The cervix is open

In case of threatened abortion :

Cervix is dilated

There is a history of passing tissue per vagina

Patients needs immediate evacuation

Fetal heart is present

No need to give anti-D for Rhesus negative mothers

Management of a patient with threatened abortion includes all the followings EXCEPT:

In threatened abortion at 15 weeks gestation in a nulliparous patient:

Pain is characteristic

The internal os is often opened

Fainting is characteristic

Absence of fetal movements suggest non viability

Vaginal bleeding is usually mild

Regarding threatened abortion:

Anti-D should be given to Rh- positive mother

Ultrasound should be done to confirm the diagnosis

All patients should be admitted to the hospital

Vaginal examination will reveal severe pain

The patient has vaginal bleeding and tissue passage per vagina

During the first & second trimester of pregnancy, the most common pathologic cause of vaginal bleeding :

Which of the following items may be associated with a mid trimester abortion:

Which of the following contraceptive methods should NOT be used by a patient with coronary heart disease?

The combined contraceptive pills: Which is true?

Pre-dispose to pelvis inflammatory disease

Failure rate is 2 per hundred woman years

Predispose to ovarian cyst

Contra indicated in a patient with history of DVT

Predispose to benign breast cyst

The following is an absolute contraindications to the combined oral contraceptive pills:

Regarding Intra uterine contraceptive device (IUCD)

Inhibits ovulation

Reduces pelvic inflammatory disease

Increases incidence of endometrial cancer

Failure rate is 0.1%

If pregnancy occurs there is increased risk of ectopic pregnancy

Mechanisms of Oral Contraceptive Pills include all of the following EXCEPT:

Postulated mechanism of the IUCD include all of the following action EXCEPT:

Regarding injectable progesterone contraception, all of the following is true, EXCEPT:

Medroxyparogesterone acetate is the most commonly used

May cause amenorrhea.

May cause irregular uterine bleeding

Does not carry a risk of venous thrombosis

Should not be given to lactating mother

With regards to contraception failure, the pearl index refers to:

Number of pregnancies in 100 woman-year

Number of Pregnancy losses in 100 woman-years.

Number of pregnancies in 1 woman-year

Number of pregnancies in 100 woman-years over pregnancy losses.

Numbers of Pregnancies in years

OCP have the following beneficial effects EXCPET :

Decrease endometrial cancer

Decrease benign breast disease

Decrease iron deficiency anemia

Decrease the incidence of renal failure

Decreased ovarian cancer

Which of the following statements regarding the use of IUCD is TRUE :

. The Contraceptive effectiveness of IUD is similar to that of barrier methods

The risk of Salpangitis in IUD wearer is positively correlated with duration of use

Contraceptive effectiveness of copper-containing IUD is higher than that of the inert devic

Women using progesterone containing IUD have heavier than the women using the inert device

Most IUD were withdrawn from the market due to the financial burden

All are true regarding OCP EXCEPT :

IUCD are relatively contraindicated in the following patient EXCEPT:

Complication of IUCD include all the following EXCEPT:

The use of progesterone only pills :

Ovulation is not regularly inhibited

Protection against is as good as combined pill

There is a risk of DVT

Breakthrough bleeding is rare

The dose of progesterone is much larger than in combined pill

The goal for developing a successful contraception include all of the following EXCEPT:

What is the effect of oral contraceptives on the incidence of DVT & embolism?

Increases the incidence

Decreases the incidence

Increases pulmonary embolism but not deep vein thrombosis

Doesn't affect the incidence

. Increases thrombosis but not pulmonary embolism

The mechanism of action of OCPs include all the following, EXCEPT:

Postulated mechanism of action of IUD includes all the following, EXCEPT :

Which of the following contraceptive methods should not be used by a patient with coronary heart disease?

The use of Progesterone-only contraceptive pills is governed by the following considerations, choose the CORRECT answer:

Protection against pregnancy is as good as combined pills.

There is a substantial risk in older women with venous thrombus & embolism in their user.

Ovulation is not regularly inhibited

Breakthrough bleeding is rare

The dose of progesterone is much larger than in combined

The goals for developing a successful contraceptive include all of the following EXCEPT:

Regulating fertility

Stabilizing population

Reducing maternal morbidity

Diminishing the incidence

Decreasing the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases

Regarding IUCD, all of the following are INCORRECT, EXCEPT:

Has a failure of 6%.

Inhibition of ovulation is the main mechanism of action

Not suitable for patients with previous delivery

Is commonly associated with excessive menstrual loss

Statistically increases the incidence of ectopic pregnancy

The following are known contraindications to the use of combined oral contraceptive pills (COCP), EXCEPT:

The combined oral contraceptive pill, besides being used as a method of contraception, can be used to treat the following, EXCEPT:

Progesterone only pills work as contraceptives by:

Combined oral contraceptive pills containing estrogen & progesterone produce the following effects, EXCEPT:

Regarding Progesterone only pills preparation:

Are contraindicated in mild hypertension.

Affect the cervical mucous.

Reliably inhibit ovulation

Are reliable as the combined preparation

Are not suitable for lactating mothers

Which of the following is an absolute contraindication to the use of COCP?

IUCD may prevent pregnancy by all of the following mechanism EXCEPT:

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Module 14 Abortion and OCP

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