GEO005 Midterm 2
Tsunami and Volcanoes Knowledge Test
Test your knowledge about tsunamis and volcanoes with this engaging midterm quiz! Perfect for students and enthusiasts alike, this quiz covers a wide range of topics from tsunami behavior to volcanic eruptions.
- Multiple choice questions
- Covers key geographical and geological concepts
- Great for testing your understanding and preparing for exams
What does a tsunami do as it approaches the shore?
Speed up and increase in height
Slow down and decrease in height
Speed up and decrease in height
Slow down and increase in height
When will a wave moving toward the shore typically break?
When the wave moves over a steep underwater cliff
When the water depth decreases to around 5 feet
When the water depth is equal to the wavelength of the wave
When the water depth is equal to wave height
Why is it generally not sufficient to be a good swimmer to survive a tsunami?
Because the currents will be too swift even for the strongest swinners
Because the water will eventually drag everything back out to sea
Because people in the water will suffer heat loss
Because the water generally carries large amounts of debris
Why doe sthe sea level often drop dramatically before a tsunami arrives?
Because earthquakes cause the seafloor to drop
Because the wave trough often arrives before the wave crest
Because of the gravitational attraction of the tsunami wave on nearshore waters
Because the electromagnetic pulses on the ocean floor attract the water particles
Why is it dangerous to go back down to the water after a tsunami wave hits?
The excess water can be electrocuted by downed power lines
Things can still shift causing massive collapses of infastructures
Lots of debris, the place is a mess
A tsunami generally consists of several waves
What is a tsunami "runup"?
Speed of a tsunami on land
The farthest horizontal and vertical distance that tsunami waves move inland
Amount of damage from a tsunami
Number of tsunami waves produced
The distance you need to run from the beach to around 500m elevation
Which is the best explanation for how earthquakes cause tsunamis?
Earthquakes shift the seafloor upward or downward, causing water to be vertically displaced
Earthquakes shake the water, causing ripples to move outward in all directions
Earthquakes heat ocean water, causing it to expand and move as a wave.
Earthquakes transmit seismic waves, especially s-waves, upwards through the seawater and when the seismic waves reach the surface, they release that energy in the form of water waves.
Which of the following regions has the least risk from tsunamis?
Pacific Northwest coast of th US
Northeastern coast of the Indian Ocean
Hawaii
Atlantic ocean of the US
In which are you least likely to get a volcano?
Convergent boundaries
Mid ocean ridges
Subduction zones
Divergent boundaries
Spreading centers
Transform faults
What are the three ways to get hot mantle rocks to melt?
Increase temperature, decrease pressure, decrease water
Decrease temperature, increase pressure, increase water
Increase temperature, increase peer-pressure, increase water
Increase temperature, decrease pressure, increase water
What is viscosity?
The density of magma
The temperature at which rocks melt
The resistance to flow in fluids
The quantity of dissolved gas in magma
What is the difference between eruption type and volcano type?
A volcano of a certain type will always erupt in the same way
Both eruption type and volcano type are decided by magma content
A shield volcano will always erupt explosively
A volcano type will usually correspond ith if the eruption is effusive or explosive but not always the exact eruption type
B and D
What is a tephra?
It is volcano rock and lava blasted into the air during a volcanic eruption
It is the inner part of a gently erupting lava flow
It is broken pieces of lava produced by weathering and erosion
It is a type of mud triggered by volcanic eruptions
What are cinder cones made from?
Lava flows
Pyroclastic flows
Piles of tephra
All of the above
Which of the following is false?
Debris flows and mudflows are called lahars
Lahars can occur many months or years after an eruption
Debris flows can travel many kms down the flank of a volcano
Lahars are fast moving avalanches of volcanic debris pushed downhill by expanding hot gases.
If I am next to a volcano that erupts what is most likely to kill me?
Lava flows
Tephra
Lahars
Pyroclastic flows
Which is not a reason why ash fall can be dangerous?
It destroys crops and makes the ground temporarily unsuitable for planting
Contaminates water supplies
Gets into lungs and breaks machinery
Accumulates on buildings and causes roof collapses
Sets fire to everything it touches
The disaster at Lake Nyos in Cameroon Africa was caused by?
Volcanic eruption created a giant water wave which flooded the area
Volcanic eruption caused a landslide which fell into the lake causing a tsunami
Volcanic eruptions destroys a dam causing massive flooding
A suffocating cloud of carbon dioxide gas was released from the depths of the lake
In which are you most likely to get an explosive volcano?
Convergent boundries
Mid ocean ridges
Subduction zones
Divergent boundaries
Spreading centers
Transform faults
Ocean hot spot
Continental hot spot
Oceanic hot spots formed in what type of volcano in Hawaii?
Stratovolcano
Continental caldera
Fissure volcano
Shield volcano
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