GEO005 Midterm 2

A dramatic landscape showing a tsunami wave approaching a volcanic island against a sunset backdrop, emphasizing the power of nature.

Tsunami and Volcanoes Knowledge Test

Test your knowledge about tsunamis and volcanoes with this engaging midterm quiz! Perfect for students and enthusiasts alike, this quiz covers a wide range of topics from tsunami behavior to volcanic eruptions.

Multiple choice questions
Covers key geographical and geological concepts
Great for testing your understanding and preparing for exams

20 Questions5 MinutesCreated by ExploringWave42

What does a tsunami do as it approaches the shore?

Speed up and increase in height

Slow down and decrease in height

Speed up and decrease in height

Slow down and increase in height

When will a wave moving toward the shore typically break?

When the wave moves over a steep underwater cliff

When the water depth decreases to around 5 feet

When the water depth is equal to the wavelength of the wave

When the water depth is equal to wave height

Why is it generally not sufficient to be a good swimmer to survive a tsunami?

Because the currents will be too swift even for the strongest swinners

Because the water will eventually drag everything back out to sea

Because people in the water will suffer heat loss

Because the water generally carries large amounts of debris

Why doe sthe sea level often drop dramatically before a tsunami arrives?

Because earthquakes cause the seafloor to drop

Because the wave trough often arrives before the wave crest

Because of the gravitational attraction of the tsunami wave on nearshore waters

Because the electromagnetic pulses on the ocean floor attract the water particles

Why is it dangerous to go back down to the water after a tsunami wave hits?

The excess water can be electrocuted by downed power lines

Things can still shift causing massive collapses of infastructures

Lots of debris, the place is a mess

A tsunami generally consists of several waves

What is a tsunami "runup"?

Speed of a tsunami on land

The farthest horizontal and vertical distance that tsunami waves move inland

Amount of damage from a tsunami

Number of tsunami waves produced

The distance you need to run from the beach to around 500m elevation

Which is the best explanation for how earthquakes cause tsunamis?

Earthquakes shift the seafloor upward or downward, causing water to be vertically displaced

Earthquakes shake the water, causing ripples to move outward in all directions

Earthquakes heat ocean water, causing it to expand and move as a wave.

Earthquakes transmit seismic waves, especially s-waves, upwards through the seawater and when the seismic waves reach the surface, they release that energy in the form of water waves.

Which of the following regions has the least risk from tsunamis?

Pacific Northwest coast of th US

Northeastern coast of the Indian Ocean

Hawaii

Atlantic ocean of the US

What are the three ways to get hot mantle rocks to melt?

Increase temperature, decrease pressure, decrease water

Decrease temperature, increase pressure, increase water

Increase temperature, increase peer-pressure, increase water

Increase temperature, decrease pressure, increase water

What is viscosity?

The density of magma

The temperature at which rocks melt

The resistance to flow in fluids

The quantity of dissolved gas in magma

What is the difference between eruption type and volcano type?

A volcano of a certain type will always erupt in the same way

Both eruption type and volcano type are decided by magma content

A shield volcano will always erupt explosively

A volcano type will usually correspond ith if the eruption is effusive or explosive but not always the exact eruption type

B and D

What is a tephra?

It is volcano rock and lava blasted into the air during a volcanic eruption

It is the inner part of a gently erupting lava flow

It is broken pieces of lava produced by weathering and erosion

It is a type of mud triggered by volcanic eruptions

Which of the following is false?

Debris flows and mudflows are called lahars

Lahars can occur many months or years after an eruption

Debris flows can travel many kms down the flank of a volcano

Lahars are fast moving avalanches of volcanic debris pushed downhill by expanding hot gases.

If I am next to a volcano that erupts what is most likely to kill me?

Lava flows

Tephra

Lahars

Pyroclastic flows

Which is not a reason why ash fall can be dangerous?

It destroys crops and makes the ground temporarily unsuitable for planting

Contaminates water supplies

Gets into lungs and breaks machinery

Accumulates on buildings and causes roof collapses

Sets fire to everything it touches

The disaster at Lake Nyos in Cameroon Africa was caused by?

Volcanic eruption created a giant water wave which flooded the area

Volcanic eruption caused a landslide which fell into the lake causing a tsunami

Volcanic eruptions destroys a dam causing massive flooding

A suffocating cloud of carbon dioxide gas was released from the depths of the lake

Oceanic hot spots formed in what type of volcano in Hawaii?

Stratovolcano

Continental caldera

Fissure volcano

Shield volcano

GEO005 Midterm 2

Tsunami and Volcanoes Knowledge Test

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