Biol Exam 2

What are the general characteristics of animals?

The common ancestor for animals was probably a..

Flagellated bacteria

Flagellated protist simliar to colonial choanoflagellates and spores

Flagellated protist simliar to colonial choanoflagellates and sponges

What are the developmental patterns (the layers of cell formation in early development) ?

Triploblastic: 2 layers ectoderm endoderm diploblastic: 3 layers ectoderm mesoderm endoderm

Diploblastic : 2 layers endoderm, ectoderm / Triploblastic 3 layers ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

Grastrulation is when the embryo is a hollow ball of cells that indents to form a cavity; the blastospore

True

False

Triploblastic animals (bilaterians) are divided into ..?

Protosomes, deuterostomes

Deuterostomes only

Protosomes only

Choose correct answer

Protosomes : blastopore develops into anus, mouth develops later

Protosome : blastopore develops into mouth

Choose correct answer

Deuterostomes : blastopore develops in anus, mouth develops later

Deuterostome : blastopore develops into mouth

Body plan of animals is what?

The general structure, arrangement of blood systems and dysfunctioning body parts.

The general structure, arrangement of organ systems and functioning body parts.

Key features of body plan are

Symmetry, Body Cavity structure , Segmentation, External Appendages

Symmetry, Body Cavity structure , Segmentation, Internal Appendages

Example of Asymmetry organisms

Wolves, Starfish

Placozoans , sponges

What is cephalization?

Concentration of internal organs and muscle tissues

Concentration of sensory organs and nerve tissues at the anterior end/head

What is bilateral symmetry correlated with ?

Starfish

Cephalization

Body cavity structure is. Acoelomate , Psudocoelomate, Coelmate

True

False

Acoelomate ..

Lacks fluid filled body cavity, space beteen gut derived from endoderm and body wall derived from mesoderm is filled with mesenchyme

Has fluid filled body cavity, no endoderm, o mesoderm snd no mesenchyme cells.

Pseudocoelomate is the fluid filled space which internal organs are suspended, the pseudocoel is enclosed by muscles msoderm on the outside, true or false

False

True

Segmentation facilitates specilization of body what?

Cavities

Regions

What are nerve nets? ________ _________ systems in animals , ex. jellyfish

Diffuse nervous

Diffuse respiratory

What group is not in the Eumetazoan group?

Sponges

Bilaterians

Protostomes

Deuterostomes

Animals in Eumetzazoan group have which of the following

Body symmetry

Gut/nervous system

Tissues organized into distinct organs

All the above

What are the four types of animal groups that are NOT bilaterians

Sponges, placozoans, ctenophores, cnidarians

Flatworms, rotifers, brachiopods, lophotrochozoans

Annelids, Mollusks, Gastropods, Bivalves, Cephalopods

What is the Bilateria group?

A monophyletic group that includes both protostomes & deuterostomes

A paraphyletic group that includes protostomes

A monophyletic group that includes deuterostomes

Bilateria have

Bilateral symmetry, are triploblastic, at least 7 hoxs genes

Asymmetry, diploblastic, 7 hox genes

What are the hard skeletal elements on Sponges called?

Shells

Spicules

Spores

Sponges body plan is the aggregation of cells around a ______ ________ system

Water canal system

Oxygen anal system

Cnidarians are jellyfish , sea anemones, corals, hydrozoans that have radial symmtey and life cycle with a sessile polp // motile medusa stages. T/F ?

True

False

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