Exploring Cell Biology and Biochemistry
Exploring Cell Biology and Biochemistry
Test your knowledge of cell biology and biochemistry with our comprehensive quiz! With 25 thought-provoking questions, this quiz covers a range of topics including amino acids, enzyme fun
Key Features:
- 25 multiple-choice questions
- Assess your understanding of fundamental biological concepts
- Perfect for students aiming to deepen their knowledge in biology
The r group or side chain of the amino acid serine is -CH2-OH. The R group or side chain of the amino acid leucine is -CH2-CH-(CH3)2. Where would you expect to find these amino acids in a globular protein in aqueous solution?
Serine would be in the interior and leucine would be on their exterior of the globular protein
Leucine would be in the interior, and serine would be on the exterior of the globular protein
Both serine and leucine would be in the interior of the globular protein
Both serine and leucine would be on the exterior of the globular protein
Both serine and leucine would be in the interior and on the exterior of the globular protein
If cells are grown in a medium containg radioactive 32 P-labeled phosphate, which of these molecules will be labeled?
Phospholipids
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Amylose
Both phospholipids and nucleic acids
Which of the following statements is true regarding the molecule illustrated in Figure 3.9
It is a saturated fatty acid
A diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis
Molecules of this type are usually liquid at room temperature
It is a saturated fatty acid, and a diet rich in this molecule may contribute to atherosclerosis, and molecules of this type are usually liquid at room temperature
The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and therefore abundant in liver cells?
Rough er
Smooth er
Golgi apparatus
Nuclear envelope
Transport vesicles
The evolution of eukaryotic cells most likely involved
Endosymbiosis of an aerobic bacterium in a larger host cell the endosymbiont evolved into mitochondria
Anaerobic archae taking up residence inside a larger bacterial host cell to escape toxic oxygen the anaerobic bacterium evolved into chloroplasts
An endosymbiotic fungal cell that evolved into the nucleus
Acquisition of an endomembrane system, and subsequent evolution of mitochondria from a portion of the Golgi
A mutation that disrupts the ability of an animal cell to add polysaccharide modification to proteins would most likely cause defects in its
Nuclear lamina and nuclear matrix
Nuclear matrix and extracellular matrix
Mitochondria and Golgi apparatus
Golgi apparatus and extra cellular matrix
Nuclear pores and secretory vesicles
The cell walls of bacteria, fungi, and plant cells and the extracelluar matrix of animal cells are all external to the plasma membrane. Which if the following is a characteristic common to all of these extracellular structures ?
They must block water and small molecules in order to regulate the exchange of matter and energy with their environment
They must permit information transfer between the cell’s cytoplasm and then transported out of the cell
They are constructed of polymers that are synthesizesd in the cytoplasm and then transported out of the cell
They are composed of a mixture of lipids and carbohydrates
A biologist wants specifically to examine the surfaces of different types of cells in kidney tubules of small mammals. The cells in question can be distinguished By external shape size and three characteristics which of the following would be the optimal method for her study?
Transmission electron microscopy
Cell fractionation
Light microscopy using stains specific to kidney function
Light microscopy of living unstained material
Scanning electron microscopy
Mammalian blood contains the equivalent of 0.15 M NaCl. Seawater contains the equivalent of 0.45 M NaCl. What will happen if red blood cells are transferred to seawater?
Water will leave the cells, causing them to shrivel and collapse
NaCl will be exported from the red blood cells by facilitated diffusion
The blood cells will take up water, swell, and eventually burst.
NaCl will passively diffuse into the red blood cells
The blood cells will expend ATP for active transport of NaCl into the cytoplasm
The phosphate transport system in bacteria imports phosphate into the cell even when the concentration of phosphate outside the cell is much lower than the cytoplasmic phosphate concentration. Phosphate import depends on a pH gradient across the membrane more acidic outside the cell than inside the cell. Phosphate transport is an example of
Passive diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Osmosis
Cotransport
Which line in the graph represents the bag that she contained a solution isotonic to the 0.6 M solution at the beginning of the experiment
A
B
C
D
E
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease in humans in which the CFTR protein, which functions as a chloride ion channel, is missing or nonfunctional in cell membranes. The CFTR protein belongs to what category of membrane proteins?
Gap junctions
Aquaporins
Electrogenic ion pumps
Cotransporters
Hydrophilic channels
Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true?
Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by making the reaction more exergonic
Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by lowering the activation energy barrier
Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by reducing the rate of reverse reactions
Enzymes change the equilibrium point of the reactions they catalyze
Enzymes make the rate of a reaction independent of substrate concentrations
In order to attach a particular amino acid to the tRNA molecule that will transport it, an enzyme and aminos Yk- tRNA synthetase, is required, along with ATP. Initially, the enzyme has an active site for ATP and another for the amino acid, but it is not able to attach the tRNA . What must in occur in order for the final attachment to occur?
The ATP must have to attach the tRNA
The binding of the first two molecules must cause a 3-D change that opens another active site on the enzyme
The ATP must be hydrolyzed to allow the amino acid to bind to the synthetase.
The tRNA molecule must have to alter its shape in order to be able to fit into the active site with the other two molecules
How do cells use the ATP cycle shown in Figure 6.1
Cells use the cycle to recycle ADP and phosphate
Cells use the cell cycle to recycle energy released by ATP hydrolysis
Cells use the cell cycle to recycle ADP , phosphate, in the energy released by ATP hydrolysis
Cells use the cell cycle to generate a consume water molecules is needed
Cells use the cell cycle primarily to generate heat
In figure 6.2 why does the reaction rate plan to a higher reacting concentrations?
Feedback inhibition by product occurs at high reactant concentrations
Most enzyme molecules are occupied by substrate at high reactant concentrations
The reaction near equilibrium at high reactant concentration
The activation energy for the reaction increases with reactant concentration
Which curve(s) on the graphs may represent the temperature and pH profiles of an enzyme taken from a bacterium that lives in a mildly alkaline hot springs at temperature of 70 degrees Celsius of higher
A. Curves 1 and 5
B. Curves 2 and 4
C. Curves 2 and 5
D. Curves 3 and 4
E. Curves 3 and
Which of the following represents the activation energy required for the enzyme catalyze reaction in figure 6.4
A
B
C
D
E
Which process in eukaryotic cells will proceed normally whether oxygen (O2) is present or absent?
Electron transport
Glycolysis
The citric and acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation
Chemiosmosis
In addition to ATP, what are the end products of glycolysis?
CO2 and H2O
CO2 and pyruvate
NADH and pyruvate
CO2 and NADH
In glycolysis, for each molecule of glucose oxidized to pyruvate
Two molecules of ATP are used and two molecules of ATP are produced
Two molecules of ATP are used and four molecules of ATP are produced
Four molecules of ATP are used and two molecules of ATP are produced
Two molecules of ATP are used and six molecules of ATP are produced
Six molecules of ATP are used and six molecules of ATP are produced
Inside an active mitochondrion, most electrons follow which pathway?
A. Citric acid cycle → NADH → electron transport chain → oxygen
B. glycolysis → NADH → oxidative phosphorylation → ATP → oxygen
C. Citric acid cycle → FADH2 → electron transport chain → ATP
D. pyruvate → citric acid cycle → ATP → NADH → oxygen
E. Electron transport chain → citric acid cycle → ATP → oxygen
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