ALD 320

1. Anne Marie studied vocabulary words every day for a week before the test and she made a perfect score on it. Anne Marie’s studying is an example of:

The primary effect

The recency effect

Distributed practice

Massed practice

According to the book, all of the following examples have been found in research about learning EXCEPT:

Over learned material is more easily recalled at a later time

Distributed practice is usually more effective than massed practice

Learning in one situation often affects and recall in another situation

People typically learn new information verbatim (word for word)

Which of the following parts of the dual store model of memory is responsible for detecting environmental stimuli early in the learning process?

Sensory register

Attention

Working memory

Long-term memory

Your teacher inserts your name in an example she is using to describe a concept. Why would she do this?

To prime information associated with your name

You will be more likely to remember the new information in the example if some of the information is familiar

So you can store new information from the example in long-term memory by linking it with your name

You are more likely to attend information that has personal significance

What are the characteristics of working memory that make it a sort of a bottleneck in learning?

It involves a very shallow processing of incoming information

It tends to favor one type of input from the sensory registers - visual cues

it can’t hold very much information for very long

it tends to mix up signals that come the sensory registers

Which of the following statements best reflects ideas consistent with an activation model of memory?

How well something is learned depends on how deeply it’s processes by a central processor

Learning can take place when information is activated and inactive memories are stored for later use

information moves from senses into the working memory and from the working memory to long-term memory if attention is paid to the information

Incidental learning is just as effective intentional learning is processes shallowly

Based on what you know about how things get stored in long term memory, why is it important for misconceptions to be cleared up as soon as possible?

Once something is stored, it is impossible to eliminate or move it

It is hard for learner to realize that he doesn’t really understand once he has stored information

Prior knowledge stored in long term memory affects how new information is recognized, stored, and retrieved

In learning to read, automaticity is an important target for teachers. How is it relevant to reading?

Reading comes fairly naturally, almost like a reflex

Reading requires a lot of really fast recognition of letters and words

In reading, if things proceed too slowly, students get discouraged easily

It is impossible to get better at reading after a child’s language acquisition period has passed

Easier test items use the same vocabulary and similar examples as the information presented in class because ____ would suggest that this works best.

Information Organization

Encoding Specificity

Prospective Memory

Memory Construction

Recent changes in police procedures for interviewing witnesses have dealt with the kinds of questions they can ask. How was this change based on what we know about memory?

Each time a witness is asked to recall an event, they tend to add information, which then becomes part of the memory

Witnesses who are threatened by the interrogating officer are likely to say anything to end the session

The misinformation effect shows that recall of an eyewitness can be influenced by information they hear about subsequent to the event

Marco still practices the vocabulary definitions form previous chapters so the learning won’t _____.

Suffer from interference

Be lost due to retrieval-induced forgetting

Decay

Become repressed

Based on what you’ve read in the text, which of the following is the best example of using an elaboration strategy:

Cindy needed to know all 50 state capitals, so she read the list over and over again until she could recite them.

David made sense of his advanced Biology homework by connecting information to what he learned in into Biology.

Jenny used rote learning to study for her Government essay exam.

Colin wanted to see how all of the learning theories in his Educational Psychology class were connected, so he created a table to visualize it.

Knowing how to drive on icy roads is an example of __________.

Declarative Knowledge

Episodic Knowledge

Conceptual Knowledge

Conditional Knowledge

Concepts can do all of the following EXCEPT __________.

Reduce the complexity of new information

Keep us form making mistakes in our thinking

Make it easier to make connections among things we know

Facilitate generalizations to new situations

A script is most similar in nature to which of the following forms of knowledge:

Conditional

Procedural

Semantic

Declarative

In teaching a new concept, what does the prototypical example do?

It serves as an introduction to a concept.

It allows the learner to understand a concept without having to process it deeply.

It is example that everyone knows and can use to compare new examples.

It serves as a way to check learner understanding after presenting the concept.

Schemas are primarily composed of which of the following?

Conditional Knowledge

Discrete Knowledge

Episodic Memories

Conceptual Knowledge

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