Linux test
Embedded Systems means
Businesses cannot charge anything for the software, only the hardware
Systems designed to do a specific task on hardware optimized for only that purpose
Users must support the systems themselves
You can view the software’s source code
Companies must share their changes
Linux originally only ran on:
Specialized processor chips
Raspberry Pi computers
Xerox copy machines
Intel 386 PCs
Macintosh
Bundling utilities, management tools, and application software with a Linux kernel is called a:
A text editor
A type of hardware
A distribution of Linux
A trademark
A software release cycle describes:
How often the software’s memory is released back to the operating system
How often the computer must be rebooted
How often upgrades come out for software
How often security fixes are implemented
How often the computer must be upgraded to support new software
Apple’s OS X is: (choose three)
Tightly integrated with Apple hardware
A fully certified UNIX distribution
Primarily used to manage network services
Able to natively run Windows binaries
Derived from Linux
Partially based on code from the FreeBSD project
Microsoft Windows: (choose three)
Offers both desktop and server products
Has a short maintenance cycle
Has a Linux compatibility mode
Is generally backwards compatible with previous versions
Has a scripting environment called PowerShell
Has a new desktop version every year.
An interpreted programming language: (choose two)
Takes fewer resources to run than a compiled language
Requires a compilation step but no linking step
Tends to offer more features than compiled languages
Is converted into machine specific instructions as the program runs
Requires a linking step but no compilation step
The two main families of Linux shells are: (choose two)
Emacs
Korn shell
Bourne Shell
C Shell
Python Shell
In virtualization, what are the host and guest? (choose two)
The guest is the machine that runs the virtual machines
The terms can be used interchangeably
The host is the machine that runs the virtual machines
A guest is a virtual machine
A host is a virtual machine
Cloud computing is:
Is made possible by faster internet speeds
Is useful for both business and home users
All are correct
Requires fewer resources because systems are shared among many users
Allows users in different geographical regions to work together in real time
Which of the following are properties of a strong password? (choose three)
Includes symbols
At least 10 characters long
A mix of upper and lower case
Based on easy to remember items like birthdays
Based on easy to remember items like birthdays Long so that it can be reused on multiple sites
A license where you don’t have access to the source code is called
Closed source
Sourceless
Impaired source
Open source
A copyleft provision in a software license means:
You must provide support for your modifications
You must provide free copies of the software if you use it
You may not link against third party closed source software
You give up your copyright to the software
If you redistribute the software, you must distribute the source to any changes you make
The Free Software Foundation believes that: (choose two)
Software should be free to modify
Software should be free to share
No money should ever change hands
People should write software with no expectation of making money
Software should not have copyright
What does it mean when a work is placed in the public domain?
The author has relinquished the copyright on the work
The author has died
You must redistribute changes to the software
You may not use the work for commercial purposes
The work was done by a government agency
The semicolon (;) can be used to separate multiple commands to be executed in order. True or False?
True
False
To be able to output messages to the screen, use the _______ command:
Type
Print
Display
Echo
The _______ command will print a list of the commands that you’ve previously executed.
History
Exec
Eval
List
HOME is an example of _________.
An internal command
An alias
A path variable
A local variable
An environment variable
The directory where additional documentation for software packages most likely can be found is:
/usr/share/doc
/var/share/doc
/var/lib/doc
/usr/software/doc
To start searching a man page, the first key you press is:
S
!
/
F
Hidden files are files that begin with what character?
A dash (-)
A plus (+)
A period (.)
An asterisk (*)
The top-level directory on a Linux system is represented as:
C:
/home
/
/root
The ls command without options or arguments…
€¦lists the contents of the current directory.
€¦prompts for a directory to list.
€¦generates an error as this command requires arguments.
€¦lists the contents of a user’s home directory.
The command ls -S will sort files:
By size, smallest to largest
By size, largest to smallest
By number of symlinks, largest to smallest
By modification date, newest to oldest
When using the cp command, you must provide both a source and a destination. True or False?
True
False
Which option can be used with the rm command to prompt before deleting?
L
-i
A
-P
Which command would list files that do not begin with a T or a W?
Echo /etc/*[TW!]
Echo /etc/[!TW]*
Echo /etc/!TW
Echo /etc/[*TW]!
In general, for which of the following would you want to use lossless compression?
An mp3 audio file
A movie
A JPEG image
A log file
An encrypted email
You type gzip myfile.tar. What happens? (choose two)
Myfile.tar is removed
An error; you forgot to pass the name of the output file
Myfile.tar is unarchived into the current directory
Myfile.tar.gz holds a compressed version of myfile.tar
An error; you forgot to specify the file with -f
Which command will show what is inside the compressed tarball with a name of foo.tar.gz?
Tar –tf foo.tar.gz
Tar –lf foo.tar.gz
Tar –tzf foo.tar.gz
Tar –tjf foo.tar.gz
Tar –tjf foo.tar.gz
By default, the zip command replaces uncompressed files with compressed files. True or False?
True
False
Error messages generated by commands are sent where by default?
STDOUT
Log files
STDERR
STDIN
Which of the following commands will display only lines that begin with test?
Grep $test* file.txt
Grep ^test file.txt
Grep &test file.txt
Grep *test file.txt
Which of the following commands will display lines that contain either start or end?
Egrep start end file.txt
Egrep (start|end) file.txt
Egrep start&end file.txt
Egrep 'start|end' file.txt
A file begins with #!/bin/csh. This means:
Nothing, this is a comment
This is a Perl script
Running the script will invoke /bin/csh to interpret the rest of the file
The operator should not be using /bin/csh
C Shell compatibility mode is enabled
Most of nano’s commands take the form of:
Alt and another character
Control and another character
The F1 through F12 function keys
Mouse clicks
Escape followed by another character
The if command looks for what exit code to consider a condition to be true?
0
10
255
2
1
The number of users logged in is in a variable called USERS. How would you test to see if there are 5 users logged in?
Test –f USERS=5
Test $USERS –eq 5
Test $USERS = 5
Test $USERS –a 5
Test $USERS,5
Software that allows hardware devices to communicate with the installed operating system is called?
Packages
Drivers
Instructions
Programs
Which of the following commands will check hard disk GPT partitions?(choose three)
Gdisk
Sfdisk
Gfdisk
Sgdisk
Cgdisk
The process (ps) command shows only processes running in the current shell by default.
True
False
The free command outputs statistics about:
Disk usage
Memory usage
Software usage
CPU usage
Which file contains the information passed to the kernel at boot time?
/proc/kernel
/proc/kargs
/proc/kopts
/proc/cmdline
To make changes permanent for kernel parameter files found under /proc/sys, the following file can have entries added to it:
/etc/sysinfo.conf
/etc/sysctl.conf
/etc/procctl.conf
/etc/procsys.conf
Which of the following commands will display the IP address on a Linux system?
Dig
Ifconfig
Route
Ipconfig
The RSA key fingerprint allows the dig command to connect to remote systems. True or False?
True
False
When issuing the service network restart command, which of the following occurs?
€¦the networking for the system is stopped and then started back up.
€¦brings up all network interfaces, re-reads all related configuration files and then the networking for the system is restarted.
€¦takes down all network interfaces, re-reads all related configuration files and then the networking for the system is restarted.
Which of the following commands can be used to display socket statistics, and supports all major packet and socket types?
Route
Ss
Top
Ifconfig
Which of the following commands will display the groups that the user bob belongs to?
Groups -a
Group bob
All bob
Id bob
Traditional UNIX systems allowed users to belong to how many groups?
256
65,000
1
10,000
16
A value of 0 in the “minimum” password aging field means the user cannot change their password. True or False?
True
False
Sudo privileges allow users to execute commands as another user. True or False?
True
False
The first line of this command displays how long the system has been running since being rebooted.
Getent
Id
W
Su
Who
Which option for the usermod command can be used to specify a user’s group ID (either primary or secondary)? (choose two)
-G
-s
-S
-g
The groupmod command can be used to add users to a group. True or False?
True
False
Which of the following files contains user IDs?
/etc/usr
/etc/shadow
/etc/group
/etc/passwd
Which of the following commands, run as root, will prevent the user bob from logging in?
Usermod -D bob
Usermod -d bob
Usermod -L bob
Usermod -l bob
What directory contains a user’s home directory?
/rootfs
/
/home
/user
GIDs under 500 (or 1000) are usually reserved for what kind of groups?
Administrators
System use
User private groups (UPG)
Are not used for groups, but for user accounts
A user cannot delete a file if they do not own it. True or False?
True
False
The chown command permits changing group ownership done by root only. True or False?
True
False
Which of the following commands will list hidden files as well as their ownership?
Ls -l
Ls -z
Ls -a
Ls -la
Which of the following commands will set setuid for the /usr/bin/program?
Chmod 1755 /usr/bin/program
None of the above
Chmod 2755 /usr/bin/program
Chmod 4755 /usr/bin/program
Setting setgid on a directory…
€¦will set the group owner of all files created in the directory to the group owner of the directory.
€¦will allow scripts in the directory to be executed as the group owner of the directory.
€¦does nothing.
€¦is not allowed by the system.
Deleting a source file will break an associated hard link. True or False?
True
False
Which of the following commands would create a hard link, link to file?
Ln link file
Ln -s file link
Ln -s link file
Ln file link
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