Child Development
Child Development Quiz
Test your knowledge on the fascinating world of child development with our comprehensive quiz! Cover topics ranging from developmental milestones to brain development processes, this quiz is perfect for students, teachers, and anyone interested in understanding how children grow and learn.
- Challenging questions
- Learn about developmental pediatrics
- Enhance your understanding of child growth
Which sentence is correct?
Developmental Pediatrics concerns only abnormal development
Development is not a pediatric specialist area, but rather concerns teacher and school
Knowledge about child development is not necessary for the pediatric clinician
Understanding abnormal development requires knowledge about normal developments
Developmental Pediatrics concerns normal development
Which topic does NOT belong to Developmental Pediatrics
Cognitive development
Lungs development
Language development
Social development
No answer are correct
Understanding normal child development is important for
Appropriate interactions with child and families
Prescribing medication
Surgical intervention
It is not important
Social interaction
Which of the following topics is not a central theme in child development
Which is the driver of development: nature or nurture?
The variability between children
The reduction of infant mortality across the past decades
Is development continuous or discontinuous?
No answer are correct
Which answer is correct? Progress over age is
Continuous
Discontinuous
Both
Linear
Symmetric
Which answer is correct? Children’s growth is characterized by
Weak growth in infancy
Pubertal growth spurts
Increasing growth in the preschool year
Similar growth in girls and boy
Decreasing growth in infancy
Which answer is correct? The similarity of intelligence scores is highest for
Identical twins reared togethers
Identical twins reared apart
Fraternal twins reared together
Siblings reared together
All answer are correct
Which of the following answers is not a process of brain development
Neurulation
Migration
Synaptogenesis
Perturbation
No answer are correct
Which is the correct sequence of brain development
Migration - neurolation - neurogenesis – synaptogenesis – myelinisation
Neurolation - neurogenesis – myelinisation – migration – apoptosis
Neurogenesis – migration – apoptosis – myelinisation – synaptogenesis
Synaptogenesis – apoptosis - neurolation – neurogenesis – migration
Synaptogenesis-Neurolation- Myelinisation-migration- myelinisation
Which answer is correct? Synapse density is highest
During school ages
In adolescence
Just after birth
In young adulthood
One year after birth
Which answer is correct? The neural network primarily develops
In the preschool year
Across the whole life span
Before birth
In the first 2 decades of lifes
After birth
Which answer is NOT correct? The development of the neural network can be observed in
Histology
Electromyogram
Histology and MRI
Magnetic resonance imaging
Electroencephalogram
Which answer is correct? Associated movements are
Involuntary movements of body parts which are not actively involved in a motor tasks
Always neurologically abnormal movements during childhood
Not observed in children
Normal in adult
It observed in childhood
Which answer is correct? Brain energy use is highest
In old age
In infancy
In school ages
In adolescence
In neonate
Which answer is correct? Synapse formation and elimination (pruning)
Goes from anterior to posterior
Goes from temporal to parietal
Goes from posterior to anterior
Goes from distal to proximal
Goes from anterior to proximal
Which answer is NOT correct? Slow wave activity (SWA)
Can be measures by the scalp EEG
Is observed during rapid eye movement sleeps
Is described as a marker for brain plasticity
Occurs during non-REM sleep
No answer are correct
Which is the right sequence of brain development
Sensory cortex - motor cortex – frontal cortex
Motor cortex - sensory cortex – frontal cortex
Frontal cortex - sensory cortex – motor cortex
There is no sequence
Motor cortex-Sensory cortex-motor cortex
Which is not a complex reflexes
Moro reflexe
Handgrip reflexe
Sucking reflexe
Patellar tendon reflexes
Sucking and Moro reflexe
What is NOT a function of intrauterine involuntary movements?
Practice of vital function (sucking, swallowing, breathing)
Guarantee of adequate nutrition supplies
Development of the musculoskeletal system
Preparation for birth
No answer
Which answer is correct? General movements
Occur in preschool children
Are always pathological
Are voluntary movement
Are spontaneously generated
Occur in childhood
Which answer is correct? General movements are NOT
Predictive for later CP
Variable in speed, amplitude and sequence
Goal-directed movements
Occurring in the limbs
Goal-indirect movement
Which answer is correct? General movements generally disappear at age
12 months
3-4 months
Just after birth
Never disappear
Always disappear
Which is NOT a motor milestone?
Independent walking
Sitting without support
Standing on one leg
General movements
No answer
How many state of behavioral observation by Prechtl?
5states
6states
7states
8states
9states
Average age of independent walking is at?
13 months of age
10 months of age
16 months of age
20 months of age
22 months of age
Which answer is correct?
The age of independent walking is different between cultures (e.g., Asian, European)
The age of independent walking decreased between the 1950 and today
The age of independent walking is generally between 10 and 20 months
An age of independent walking of > 20 months is normal
The age of independent walking increased between the 1950 and today
Which answer is correct?
Shuffling or scooting is a form of cerebral palsy
Shuffling or scooting is a red flag and requires further imaging examination
Shuffling or scooting is occurring in most infant
Shuffling or scooting is a norm variant and occurs in 3-5% of all childrens
Shuffling or scooting is occurring in infancy
Which answer is wrong? Typical characteristics of shuffling or scooting are:
No locomotions
Benign mild hypertonia
Late walker
Benign mild hypotonia
No answer
Maximal motor activity (physical activity) is occurring:
Between 3 and 8 years
At birth
During adolescence
Only in adulthood
After 2 ages old
Which answer is NOT correct? Predictors of physical activity are:
Age
Season
Sex
Temperament
No answer
Which answer is correct? The cortical representation of the motor cortex is largest for:
Legs
Arms
Hands
Trunk
Head
Which is the correct sequence of the development of grasping
Palmar ulnar grasp - palmar radial grasp - scissor grasp - pincer grasp
Scissor grasp - palmar ulnar grasp - palmar radial grasp - pincer grasp
Palmar ulnar grasp - palmar radial grasp - pincer grasp - scissor grasp
Scissor grasp - pincer grasp - palmar ulnar grasp - palmar radial grasp
Scissor grasp-palmar radial grasp-pincer grasp-scissor grasp
What is the average age when infants reach the milestone pincer grasp?
6 months
9 months
12 months
15 months
17 months
The famous Swiss developmental psychologist Jean Piaget described 4 distinct stages of cognitive development in children. Which of the following is not a stage described by Piaget?
Sensorimotor stage
Formal operational stages
Preoperational stage
Interventional stage
No answer
At what age is the sensorimotor stage occurring?
0-2 years
2-7 years
7-12 years
After 12 years
After 13 years
In the first 3 years cognitive development is assessed by
Intelligence test
Play behavior tests
Neuroimaging
Electrocardiogram
EEG
Which answer is NOT correct? The construct of “cognitive or mental” development includes
Understanding time and space
Causality (if - then)
Categorizing
Communications
No answer
Which answer is correct? The most frequently used test for cognitive development in infants worldwide is
Kaufman Test
Bayley Tests
Moro Test
WISC
Stanford-Binet Test
Which answer is correct? Which explorative behavior is the most predominant in the youngest children?
Visual
Manual
Oral
Auditive
Holding
Which answer is NOT correct? What are the unique features of play behavior?
Sequences of play behavior are always identical
Play behavior in early infancy is highly dependent on cultures (different between Asian and European infants)
Play behavior is an indicator of developmental status and age
Play behavior has a role in itself („act for the sake of the act“)
No answer
Which answer is NOT correct? Why do children play?
Practice of innate behaviors
Play behavior are always identicals
Experience of physical characteristics of objects (exploring)
Knowing the function of objects by imitations
Just for fun
What styles of play behavior do you know in preschool children? Which is NOT correct?
Spatial play
Card plays
Symbolic play or pretend play
Functional play
No answer
Vertical building (e.g., with blocks) generally occurs at age
15 months
7 months
9 months
24 months
36 months
What is “object permanence”?
The ability of infants to understand that objects have a name.
The ability of infants to understand that objects have unique characteristics.
The ability of infants to understand that object exists even when they cannot be seen
The ability of infants to understand that objects have multiple characteristics.
This term is not existing in the child development literature.
Object permanence” first occurs at age
36 months
Just after birth
20 months
18 months
9 months
What is a unique feature of sleep development during childhood?
Large inter-individual differences (every child shows different sleep duration)
Children sleep more than adult
Poor night to night stability, every night is different
Children sleep less than adult
Children never suffer from sleep problem
What is the ratio of REM (rapid eye movement) sleep versus NREM sleep in newborns?
Much more REM sleep than NREM sleep
Much more NREM sleep than REM sleep
About equal REM and NREM sleeps
Less more REM sleep than NREM sleep
No REM sleep
What is the most common sleep complaint in children?
Hypersomnia
Insomnias (e.g., frequent awakenings)
Parasomnia
Nightmare
Respiratory problems during sleep
At what age do children generally sleep through the night?
At age 2 months
At age 4 months
At age 12 months
At age 18 months
At age 6 month
Which is NOT a zeitgeber of the biological clock
Light
Meal time
Noise
Smell
No answer
Which is NOT a parasomnia?
Arousal disorder
Movement disorders during sleep
Delayed sleep onsets
No answer
Bruxism
What is NOT a measure to treat sleep terrors in children?
Introduce regular rhythm (daytime and nighttime)
Give medications (e.g., benzodiapezines)
No answer
Avoid sleep restriction
Secure sleeping environment
What is one of the most predisposing factors for sleep terrors?
Irregular rhythms
Prematurity
Genetic syndrome
Anxiety disorder
Neurological disorder
When does the fetus/newborn generally react to sounds?
1st trimester
2nd trimester
3rd trimester
1 month before birth
Only after birth
How can early hearing problems in the first months be screened? Which of the below mentioned method is in the first 6 months not reliable
Audiometry
Otoacoustic emissions
Tweeter rattle, bells
Evoked acoustic potentials
No answers
What is NOT a risk factor for hearing problems?
Positive family history
Intrauterine infection (CMV, rubella)
Premature birth (GG < 1500gr)
Poor psychosocial environments
No answer
Self-awareness develops at age
36 months
12 months
18-24 months
20 months
Already in the first months after births
Which statement is correct? Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to understand that
Others have beliefs, desires and intentions that are different from one's owns
Others have different words for different meanings and use them in everyday language
Others have the same theories in mind as oneself
Others have also ideas in mind which construct the image of the world
All answer are correct
ToM is an important developmental milestone during childhood. When does it first appear?
3 years
4 years
7 years
9 years
11 years
Which is the classical developmental disorder which goes along with poor ToM?
Cognitive delays
Language impairments
Delayed sleep onsets
Attention deficit disorders
Autism
Which is NOT a core symptom of Autism?
Disturbed social interaction
Cognitive delays
Disturbed communication
Stereotype behavior
No answer
Which is the second most common cause of mental disability after trisomy 21?
Fragile X-Syndromes
Prader Willi Syndrome
Tourner Syndrome
Neurofibromatosis
Angelman Syndrome
Which is NOT a criteria for fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
Growth deficiency
FAS facial feature
Alcohol consumption of the fathers
Central nervous system damage
No answer
Which of the below mentioned drugs have the most severe effects on the development of children if taken during pregnancy?
Cocaine
Alcohols
Cannabis
Morphine
Caffeine
What is NOT a typical symptom of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS)
Growth deficiency
Heart defect (pulmonary stenosis, PDA, VSD)
Deafness
Limb defects
No answer
What is a relatively rare reason for mental retardation?
Metabolic disorders
Genetic syndrome
Down’s syndrome
Teratogenic agent
Prematurity
What are the classic dismorphic features of Trisomy 21?
Oblique eye fissures with epicanthus
Flat nasal bridge
Low-lying ears
Microcephaly
Single palmar fold
Which statement concerning the development of preterms is true?
Major” disabilities are frequent
Minor” disabilities are frequents
Abilities do generally not occur
Minor” disabilities are rare
Disabilities do generally not occur
Neonatal encephalopathy is staged after the Sarnat Score. Which is NOT a criteria of Sarnat?
Seizure
Respiration
Pupil
Magnetic Resonance findings
No answer
What are the cognitive development of the young child?
Exploration objective
Understanding time and space
Recognize people and object
Causality and Catheterizing play
All are correct
Choose the corrects answer, gross motors development at the 24 months
Jumps in place
Kicks the ball
Walks down stairs with rail, marking time
Throws overhand
All are correct
At the age of 24 months, what does the child can do?
Jumps in place , kick the ball, throws overhand, Marking time
Squats in play
Seats self in small chair
Walks backward
Stand alone
The fine motor skills at the age of 12 months
Fine pincer grasp of pellet between finger tip
Marks with crayon
Attempts tower of cube
Precise release of cube
All are correct
Choose the correct, the fine motor skills of the age 2 years
Is train of cubes without stack and imitates vertical strokes
Walk upstairs with rail
Marking time
Kicks the ball
Throws overhand
What are the main decision of the nervous system?
The sensory and the motor system
The peripheral nervous systems and central nervous systems
The dendritic and the axonal system
The sympathetic and parasympathetic system
No answer are correct
The most frequency cause of severe mental retardation is
Genetics
Teratogenic
Infectious
Metabolic disorder
Prematurity
The 4 criteria of fetal alcohol syndrome are :
Growth deficiency
FAS facial feature
Central nervous system damage
Prenatal alcohol exposure
All are correct
Which complication of congenital rubella syndrome that cause mental retardation?
Heart defect
Eyes defect
Deafness
Hematological disorder
Neurological damages
Choose the type of fine motor skill of age 8 months
Is Scissors grasp of pellet held between thumb and side of curled index finger
Inferior pincer grasp of pellet held between vertical surfaces of thumb and index fingers
Tower of 2 cubes
Tower of 4 cubes
Tower of 6 cubes
Which one is the fine motor skills?
Is fine pincer grasp of pellet between finger tips
Creeps up stair
Runs stiff-legged
Climbs on furniture
Walks backward
Which one is the fine motor skills in 10 months?
Isolates index finger and poke
Clumsy release of cube into box
Pincer grasp
Held between distal pads of thumb and index finger
All are correct
A 18 months old baby can :
Seats self in small chairs, throw the ball while standing, pull a large objects
Walks upstairs with hand held
Jumps in place
Kicks the ball
Throws overhand
1% of very low birth weight preterm infants can :
Have the deafness and the blindness
Motor clumsiness
Normal healthy
Mental retardation
Learning disorder
The very low birth weight preterm infant can have :
1% of blindness
1% of deafness
7% of cerebral palsy
25% of learning disorder
All are correct
Which of the following auditory component is not located in the middle ear?
Stapes
Ear drum
Auditory canals
Incus
No answer is correct
The receptor that is sensitive to light is called:
Georeceptors
Chemoreceptors
Baroreceptors
Photoreceptor
Hydroreceptors
Which of the following is an enzyme that breakdown a neurotransmitter?
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholinesterases
Dopaminesterase
Definition of mental retardation
Intellectual impairment : IQ<70
Intellectual impairment : IQ<75
Intellectual impairment : IQ<80
Intellectual impairment : IQ<85
Intellectual impairment : IQ<90
The risk factors of FAS :
Dosage
Drinking behavior
Timing of exposure
Genetic vulnerability
All are correct
Which one is the Categorizing play?
3 piece form board ( put back )
3 piece form board ( inverted)
Sorting colors
Sorting sizes
All are correct
The gross motors skills at the age of one months :
Is head up in prone positions
Chest up in prone position
Partial head lag
Up on head in prone
Roll back to front
Some of them are the gross motor of the age of 16 months:
Creeps up stair
Runs stiff-legged
Claims on furniture
Walks backward
All are correct
The ear drum is otherwise known as the:
Auditory canal
Pinna
Tympanic membranes
Oval window
Trigone de Willis
Social behavior include :
Communication : verbal and nonverbal
Attachment
Social learning/ imitation
Social cognition (self-awareness and theory of mind)
All are correct
Imitation in social behavior include :
Role model
Social learning
Language
Cultural skills
All are correct
Nonverbal communication include :
Appearance, facial expression
Visual behavior, voice
Odor
Body language, posture
All are correct
Independent behaviors include :
Feeding , eating
Dressing
Sleeping
Toileting
All are correct
Sleep duration normal of adult:
8-9 hours
9-10hours
10-11hours
11-12hours
12-13hours
Which disorder is consider in Arousal disorders :
Nocturnal awakenings
Sleep terrors
Bad dreams
Sleep walkings
All are correct
Why do children play?
Practice of innate behaviors
Experience of physical characteristics of objects
Knowing the function of objects by imitations
Practice of social competence and languages
All are correct
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