Biology unit 2
The most important use of carbohydrates in the body is for
Energy
Transport
Storage
Protection
Disaccharides contain two simple sugars and are formed in a chemical reaction known as?
Condensation
Synthesis
Hydrolysis
Esterification
The covalent bond that forms between the sugars is called a ______ linkage?
Glycosidic
Ester
Amine
Amino
Disaccharides can be separated and broken down into their corresponding monosaccharides in the reverse process of?
Esterification
Synthesis
Hydrolysis
Condensation
The difference between alpha and beta glucose in the location of the hydroxyl group at carbon?
1
6
4
2
The difference between between glucose and galactose in both their ring and linear formations is the location of the hydroxyl group at carbon?
4
2
6
3
The products of the condensation reaction involving alpha glucose and galactose are?
Lactose and H2O
Glucose and H2O
Glucose and lactose
Galactose and H2O
Starch in an alpha-glucose polymer made up of a combination of two different polysaccharides called?
Amylose and amylopectin
Glucose and galactose
Galactose and sucrose
Fructose and sucrose
Triglycerides are the most common fat found throughout the human body. The main structural components of these molecules are?
Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
Protection and storage
Glycerol and 2 fatty acids
Sucrose and 3 fatty acids
The type of linkage found in the polysaccharide cellulose
Beta 1-4 glycosidic linkage
Alpha 1-4 glycosidic linkage
Ester linkage
Amino linkage
If a fat appears as an oil at room temperature , what can you say about the fatty acid that comprise it's structure?
It's polyunsaturated
Its polysaturated
It has a short chain
It has a long chain
Thread like vessels that form around blockages in your major arteries ( as a result of heart disease ) are called?
Collaterals
Blood clotting
Non-collaterals
Blood stopping
This term describes white blood cells that have " gobbled" up LDL cholesterol in the sub-endothelial space, ( the " Darth Vaders" of heart disease).
Foam cells
ADT
Collaterals
Stem cells
What is the function of nitric oxide in the body?
To clear pathways for blood
To help transport blood
To dilate blood vessels
To help you breath
The binding of this amino acid to nitric oxide sythase promotes the formation of nirtic oxide
Arginine
Cysteine
Glutamine
Tyrosine
Why are amino acids said to be amphiprotic?
Both acidic and basic
Both positive and negative
Both electronegative
Both amphi and protic
What is significant about the amino acid prolin
It twirls
It loops
It spins
It cruls
What is significant about the amino acids leucine and isoleuine
Insomers
Cousins
Both are large
Both are used in metabolism
Why are the polarity and the electric charge on amino acid R-groups important for protein formation?
They determine the kind of bond the r groups have
They determine the kind of properties the linkage has
What level of protein bonding does the alpha helix appear in
2
1
3
4
What other formation may also be apparent with the alpha helix
Beta pleated sheets
Beta formation
Alpha glucose linkage
Glycosidic linkage
Adenine is found in ?
Both RNA and DNA
Just RNA
Just DNA
Neither
Guanine is found in?
Both RNA and DNA
Just RNA
Just DNA
Neither
Cytosine is found in?
Both RNA and DNA
Just RNA
Just DNA
Neither
Uracil is found in?
Both RNA and DNA
Just RNA
Just DNA
Neither
Thymine is found in
Both RNA and DNA
Just RNA
Just DNA
Neither
Adenine pairs with?
Cytosine
Thymine
Uracil
Guanine
Thymine pairs with?
Cytosine
Uracil
Adeniene
Guanine
Uracil pairs with
Adenien
Cytosone
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine pairs with
Adenien
Thymine
Guanine
Uracil
Guanine pairs with
Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Uracil
Adenine had how many H bonds found in pairing
2
3
1
4
Guanine has how many H bonds found in pairing
2
3
1
4
Cytosine has how many H bonds found in pairing
1
2
3
4
Uracil has how many H bonds found in pairing
1
2
3
4
Thymine has how many H bonds found in paoring
1
2
3
4
Adenine has how many rings in its structure
1
2
3
4
Guanine has how many rings in its structure
1
2
3
4
Cytosine has how many rings in its structure
1
2
3
4
Uracil has how many rings in its structure
1
2
3
4
Thymine has how many rings in its structure
1
2
3
4
DNA has how many strands
1
2
RNA has how many strands
1
2
DNA is located
In the nuclous
In the nucleus
RNA is located
In messeger
In the cytoplasm
The sugar present in DNA is
Deoxyribose
Ribose
The sugar found in RNA is
Deoxyribose
Ribose
The molecular formula for DNA is
C5H10O4
C5H10O6
The molecular formula for RNA is
C5H10O4
C5H10O6
How does triglyceride differ from mono or diglyceride
It has 3 fatty acids rather than 2 or 1
It is triple the fun
In a condensation reaction that results in the formation of a lipid , that had to be removed.
H2O
C-H
What does it mean for a fatty acid to be unsaturated?
It posses 1 or more double bonds , less than the max number of H bonds
It posses 1 or more double bonds, more that the max number of H bonds
What physical states does a fatty acid molecule likely appear in?
Liquid
Solid
Gas
What is --OH
Alcohol
Glycerol
Carboxyl
What is HO-C=O
Carboxyl
Alcohol
Glyerol
What is N-H3
Amino group
Thyol group
Amide group
What is C=O-N
Peptide bond
Amino bond
Carboxyl bond
Thyol bond
What is the name of the amino group at the end of a chain?
C terminus
A/N terminus
What is the name of the carboxyl group at the end of a chain?
C terminus
A/N terminus
In a protein linkage what is it called when there is a loop
Prolin kink
Van der Walls interactiosn
Ionic bong
Hydrogen bond
What is necessary to form a hydrogen bond in a protein linkage
(SNO) and hydrogen
2 ionic element
A self adhesive link
What is a van der walls interactions?
2 non polar groups
2 polar groups
An ionic bond
What makes an ionic bond
Two opposite charges
Two like charges
Two non polar groups
Which group doe snot have a repeating subunit
Lipids
Proteins
Carbs
Nucleic acids
What is a glycosidic linkage
Forms between the two hydroxyl groups on adjacent sugars
Forms between carboxyl and hydroxyl
What is a ester linkage
Forms between the two hydroxyl groups on adjacent sugars
Forms between carboxyl and hydroxyl
What is an amide linkage
Forms between carboxyl and hydroxyl
Forms between carboxyl and amine
What is a phosphodiester linkage
Forms between carboxyl and hydroxyl
Forms between carboxyl and amine
Forms between hydroxyl and phostphate
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