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Radiology

Paediatric Radiology Quiz

Test your knowledge and understanding of paediatric radiology with this comprehensive quiz designed for medical professionals and students alike. From imaging techniques to interpretation of results, this quiz covers essential topics in the field.

Highlighted Features:

Multiple choice questions
Diverse topics in paediatric radiology
Improve your skills and knowledge

102 Questions26 MinutesCreated by FlyingScanner57

Paediatric radiology is a subspecialisation of

Radiology

Peadiatric

Geriatrics

Sick children

Orthpaedic

Paediatric radiology performs

Echocardiography

Mammography

Ultrasound

Positron spectroscopy

Fibroscopy

The following imaging study does not rely on ionizing radiation

Radiograpy

Fluroscopy

Computed tomography

Magentic resonance imaging

Fibroscopy

Which of the following imaging studies is the least harmful to children

Renal ultrasound

Chest radiography

Abdominal radiography

Upper gastro-intestinal tract series

Mammography

Renal size

Can only be assessed by MRI

Is not dependent on weight of the patient

Can be measured with US

Is best assessed plain films

Chest radiography

Renal length

>5cm is always normal

<5cm is always normal

Varies with age

Is independent of age

Is independent of sex

Bone age is usually assessed with radiography of

The skull

The spine

One hand

Both hand

The brain

Bone age

Is the same in boy and girl

Depends on chronological age

Is always the same

Is retarded with disease

Depends on spine

The basic method of esophagus and stomach examination is

X-ray

MRI

Fibroscopy

Right ventricular volumes

Are most accurately measured with MRI

Are the same as left ventricular volumes

Are well assessed with fluoroscopy

Cannot be assessed with imaging

Are most accurately measured with radiography

Ventricular volumes are usually indexed to

Shoe size

Head circumference

Bone age

Body surface area

Hand size

Normal bone marrow signal on MRI

Is independent of age

Depends on the proportions of red and yellow marrow

Is always bright

Is always dark

Is independent of sex

Radiation dose to the patient can be lowered by

Using an immobilizing device

Increasing the mas settings

Using a large field of view

Filtering the x-rays

All answer are corrects

Radiation dose to the patient is highest with

CT of the abdomen

Supine plain film of the abdomen

Voiding cystoureterogram (VCUG) using pulsed fluoroscopy

Doppler US of the kidneys

All answer are corrects

Computed tomography (CT) is performed

Always in a child with acute abdomen

Routinely at admission to the hospital

Is contraindicated in children

When there is a justifying medical indication

All answer are corrects

MRI is the preferred advanced imaging modality in children, because

Examination time is shorter than with CT

It involves no ionizing radiation

It is cheaper than PET

It never requires sedation

All answer are corrects

The least invasive imaging modality for children is

Radiography

Ultrasound

Pulsed fluoroscopy

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Computed tomography (CT)

A chest radiograph should be taken

At expiration

During quiet breathing

During forced breathing

At inspiration

All answer are corrects

Computerized axial tomography uses

X-rays

Gamma

Micro waves

Radio waves

Ultraviolet

A chest radiograph taken at expiration:

Shows a too small heart

Allows differentiation between consolidation and pleural effusion

Allows differentiation between heart and thymus

Can help for detection of a pneumothorax

Can help for detection of a hemothorax

A chest radiograph is the recommended imaging modality for:

Showing soft tissue abscesses

Diagnosing pneumonia

Diagnosing osteomyelitis

Comprehensive evaluation of congenital heart disease

Diaphragmatic hernia

Hyperinflation seen in a chest radiograph is a sign for

Pneumothorax

Pneumomediastinum

Pneumonia

Bronchiolitis

Hemothorax

Peribronchial thickening is usually present with:

Bacterial pneumonia

Tuberculosis

Fungal infection

Lower airway infection

Tumor

Bacterial pneumonia may show:

Consolidation

Atelectasis

Pleural effusion

All are findings

Atelectasis and consolidation

Hilar lymphnodes in tuberculosis may be:

Enlarged

Hypodense on CT

Calcified

Peri-hilar

All answer are correct

Sonography (US) of a mediastinal mass:

Is not possible

Allows definitive prediction of its histology

Can be used for image guided biopsy

Is contraindicated when there is a pleural effusion

No answer

Rib abnormalities :

Are easily assessed with sonography (US)

Are often present with neuroblastoma

Are a typical complication of pneumonia

Are never congenital malformations

Pneumothorax

Neuroblastoma:

Can invade the spinal canal

Have the highest incidence during puberty

Are most commonly located in the neck

Never occur in the abdomen

Have the low incidence during puberty

A chest x-ray is the first imaging test used to help diagnose symptoms such as:

Breathing difficulties

A bad or persistent cough

Fever

Chest pain or injury

All answers are correct

The following procedure plays no role in staging lymphoma

Sonography (US)

Postitron emission tomography (PET)

MIBG scintigraphy

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Scanner with injection

Mass lesions in the posterior mediastinum

Are typically of neurogenic origin

Are always due to lymphadenopathy

Are clinically not relevant

Are never detected on chest radiographs

Are typically tuberculosis

Differential diagnosis of an anterior mediastinal mass does not include

Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ganglioneuroblastoma

Malignant teratoma

Thymus hyperplasia

Goiter

The tip of a central venous catheter should be located in

The superior vena cava

The right ventricle

A hepatic vein

The right pulmonary artery

Carotid artery

Which of the following is the most dangerous foreign body a child can swallow?

Battery

One magnet

A peanut

Coin

Drug

Foreign body aspiration

Can be diagnosed by ultrasound

Always occurs to the left lung

Never leads to lung consolidation

Is often characterized by local hyperinflation and hyper lucent lung

Always occurs to the right lung

Lung metastasis from osteosarcoma

Is always solitary

May show calcification

Is rare

Cannot be treated

Was diagnosis by ultrasound

Diagnosis of round pneumonia requires

Investigation by computed tomography

Presence of clinical signs of pneumonia (malaise, cough, fever…)

Lung biopsy

Bronchoscopy

Scintigraphy

Lung metastasis is very rare in

Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma)

Ewing sarcoma

Soft tissue sarcoma

Neuroblastoma

Breast cancer

Pleural effusion is best characterized with

Radiography

Ultrasound

Computed tomography

Scintigraphy

Physical examination

An alveolar infiltrate / consolidation

Is always due to pneumonia

Is not seen with pulmonary oedema

May be due to any dense material within the alveoli

Never shows an air bronchogram

All are not correct

US of the chest

Cannot help with the diagnosis of pneumonia

Is useful in the management of pleuropneumonia

Is too expensive

Is technically not feasible

Is useful in pneumonia

Congenital lobar emphysema

Is most commonly located in an upper lobe or right middle lobe

Always occurs in the lower lobes

Is a sequela of pneumonia

Can only be diagnosed by MRI

Always associate with hyaline membrane disease

Sequestration of the lung

Occurs only in the left lower lobe

Is a sequela of pneumonia

Is diagnosed by demonstrating a systemic supplying artery

Cannot be diagnosed by US

Is a sequela of lung abscess

US is valuable for

Detecting hilar lymph nodes

Diagnosing interstitial emphysema

Showing foreign bodies in the esophagus

Assessing diaphragmatic motion

Diagnosis for pneumonia

Chest wall masses

Are never caused by a malignant tumor

Are always due to infection

Must be characterized by MIBG scintigraphy

Can be assessed with CT

It is hereditary disease

Apparent elevation of the diaphragm

May be due to a pleural effusion

Occurs only on the left side

Cannot be further investigated with US

Is not present with diaphragmatic paresis

It can be liver abscess

Diaphragmatic hernia:

Is not evident on radiography

Require fluoroscopy for diagnosis

Can be assessed with U.S

Is always on the left side

No significance with radiography

One of the first tests for patients with respiratory distress is:

Sonography

Scanner

Chest radiograph

Blood test

Angioscanner

Choice the correct answer for this image:

Left pneumothorax

Left pneumonia

Occlusive syndrome

Diaphragmatic hernia

Lung emphysema

The least invasive means to diagnose diaphragmatic paresis is :

Head MRI

Ultrasound

Fluoroscopy

Chest radiograph obtained in expiration

CT scan of chest

An overinflated lung

Is always present with foreign body aspiration

Is a sign of foreign body ingestion

Requires bronchoscopy for treatment

Is characteristic for congenital lobar emphysema

Is characteristic for pneumonia

The mediastinum is commonly divided in

An anterior, middle and posterior compartment

A left and right compartment

A superior, middle and inferior compartment

An upper and lower compartment

A superior, inferior compartment

Teratoma

Is always located in the mediastinum

May show calcification

Never contains fat

Is always benign

Is always malign

Which of the following is the most common mediastinal mass in a child?

Goiter

Lymphoma

Thymoma

Wilms tumor

Teratoma

The most serious complication of hypoxia in a neonate with respiratory distress is

Hydrocephalus

Brain hemorrhage

Intestinal obstruction

Lobar emphysema

Neonatal sepsis

A large thymus in an infant

Is a cause for stridor

Is normal

Requires investigation with CT

Requires investigation with MRI

Requires investigation with ultrasound

Which is a common complication of a dispositioned umbilical artery catheter?

Renal artery thrombosis

Renal vein thrombosis

Portal vein thrombosis

Portal hypertension

Portal vein ruptured

Which is the most uncommon air leak in a neonate with respiratory distress syndrome?

Pneumomediastinum

Pneumoperitoneum

Pneumothorax

Interstitial emphysema

All answer are not correct

Best investigations for detection of bone metastasis is :

MRI

X Ray

Bone scan

Ultrasound

CT scan

Sequestration of the lung cannot be diagnosed by

Bronchoscopy

Ultrasound

MRI

Which congenital thoracic malformation is virtually always visible by chest radiography on the first day of life?

Left congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Right congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Congenital lobar emphysema

Bronchogenic cyst

Pyloric stenosis

In a neonate with diffuse granular opacities on a chest radiograph, the most likely diagnosis is

Meconium aspiration

Hyaline membrane disease

Transient tachypnea (wet lung)

Foreign body aspiration

Pneumonias

The “venous congestion” pattern can be seen with

Right heart failure

Pulmonary vein stenosis

Pulmonary artery stenosis

Neuroblastoma

Tetralogy of fallot

The most common complete vascular ring is

Left arch with aberrant subclavian artery (arterialusoria)

Double aortic arch

Right arch with mirror image branching

Pulmonary artery sling

IVC

Biphasic stridor

Is always due to a double aortic arch

Requires further investigation

Resolves spontaneously

Is characteristic for lower airway infection

Bronchiectasis

The most valuable imaging for preoperative assessment of Tetralogy of Fallot is

Chest radiography

Echocardiography

MRI

Sign clinic

Which imaging modality the most valuable for assessment of congenital heart disease?

Chest x-ray

Echocardiography

Computed tomography

Magnetic resonance imaging

Sign clinic

The most accurate functional assessment of ventricular function is provided by

Chest x-ray

Echocardiography

Computed tomography

Magnetic resonance imaging

Sign clinic

Echocardiography

Intracardiac anatomy

Mediastinal vessels

Blood flow

Valve function

All are corrects

The most valuable imaging for preoperative assessment of tetralogy of Fallot is

Chest radiography

Echocardiography

MRI

ECG

Which imaging modality the most valuable for assessment of congenital heart disease?

Chest x-ray

Echocardiography

Compute tomography

Magnetic resonance image

Electrocardiogram

The most accurate functional assessment of ventricular function is provided by

Chest x-ray

Echocardiogram

Computed tomography

Magnetic resonance imaging

Electrocardiogram

Pulmonary vasculature is best assessed by

Chest x-ray

Echocardiography

Computed tomography

Magnetic resonance imaging

Electrocardiogram

What is the underlying pathology in Tetralogy of Fallot

Anterior displacement of the outlet septum

Left ventricular hypertrophy

Aortic stenosis

Pulmonary insufficiency

Collateral branch

Which modality is useless for imaging the abdominal?

Radiography

Ultrasound(us)

Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)

Technetium scintigraphy

CT-scan

In a 2-day-old newborn baby a, intestinal obstruction is not cause by

Hypertrophic pylorus

Annular pancreas

Duodenal stenosis

Jejunal atresia

NEC(necrotizing enterocolitis)

Bile stained vomiting in newborn is

Cause by pyloric stenosis

Normal

An emergency

Resolves without treatment

Duodenal atresia

Which radiographic sign is not observed with appendicitis

Calcification

Mass effect

Ileus

Pneumothorax

Bowel loop dilatation

Sonographic signs of appendicitis are

Air within the appendix lumen

Thickened appendix

Faecolith in the coecum

Enlarged retroperitoneal lymph node

Perforation appendix

An abdominal radiography of a newborn with an abdominal mass is likely to show abdominal calcification in each of the following except:

Neuroblastoma

Teratoma

Hepatoblastoma

Hydronephrosis

Meconium peritoinitis

High intestinal obstruction in a neonate can be caused by

High anal atresia

Small left colon syndrome

Annular pancreas

Meconium ileus

Hirschsprung disease

Midgut volvulus is best diagnosed by

Chest radiograph

Abdominal radiograph

Ultrasound

Computed tomography

Abdominal MRI

Hirschsprung disease typically presents with

Low intestinal obstruction

Anal atresia

Meconium ileus

Pneumoperitoneum

Intestinal volvulus

Which complication is not seen with malpositioning of an umbilical vein catheter?

Renal artery thrombosis

Portal vein thrombosis

Liver necrosis

Hepatic calcifications

None of the answers

Kidney stones are not detectable on

Ultrasound (US)

Abdominal radiography

DMSA Scintigraphy

Computed tomography (CT)

Abdominal MRI

Obstruction of the urinary tract is best assessed with

Ultrasound (US)

Abdominal radiography

DMSA scintigraphy

Functional magnetic resonance urography (MRU)

Computed tomography (CT)

Differential renal function cannot be estimated with

Ultrasound (US)

Abdominal radiography

DMSA scintigraphy

Functional magnetic resonance urography (MRU)

None of the answers

Ingestion of magnets

Is healthy

May lead to pneumothorax

Is dangerous potentially leading to bowel perforation

Can be assessed by ultrasound

Is no problem for the children

Pneumonia can never be diagnosed by

Ultrasound

Abdominal x-ray

Chest x-ray

Scintigraphy of the kidney

Lungs computed tomography (CT)

The most common intussusception is

Gastroduodenal

Ilioileal

Ileocolic

Colocolic

Ileoileocolic

Pneumoperitoneum found in the abdomen radiography of a 5 years old boy with abdominal trauma is mostly related to

Spleen fracture

Liver fracture

Kidneys fracture

Pancreas hematoma

Intestinal perforation

Intussusception reduction usually cannot be performed

Manually without operation

With air and fluoroscopy

With air and ultrasound

With fluid and ultrasound

With fluid and fluoroscopy

Mechanical bowel obstruction cannot be diagnosed by

Chest x-ray

Abdominal x-ray

Ultrasound

Computed tomography

MRI

Intussusception can be due to

Ingestion of magnets

Aspiration of peanuts

Mediastinal lymphoma

Bowel lymphoma

Stomach tumor

Free intraperitoneal air cannot be visualized by

Stethoscope

Ultrasound

Computed tomography

Plain films

A normal appendix is best visualized by

Chest radiograph

Abdominal radiograph

Ultrasound

Upper GI series

Coloscopy

Appendicitis

Never perforates

Always perforates

Can lead to pneumomediastinum

Can lead to abdominal mass

Can lead to enterocolitis

The most accurate way to diagnose acute appendicitis is by

Blood test

Abdominal plain film

Chest x-ray

Abdominal ultrasound

Urine test

Systematic approach to abdominal radiograph:

Bone – stone – gas – mass

Spine – calculus – air – tumor

Soft tissue – liver parenchyma – kidney contour – bladder filling

From outside to center

Hematoma-hemangioma-lymphoma

What is the most likely diagnosis in this 13-year-old boy?

Meckel diverticulum

Appendicitis

Intussusception

Wilms tumor

Ovarian cyst

What is the most likely diagnosis in this 9-month-old girl?

Meckel diverticulum

Appendicitis

Intussusception

Wilms tumor

Cervical adenitis

The most accurate way to diagnose hemoperitoine is by

Stethoscope

Chest x-ray

ASP

Sonography

Gastroscopy

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