Metronidazole
What is the classification?
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
What is the prototype/generic name?
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
What are the intended uses? (List two)
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
Explain the absorption
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
Explain the distribution
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
Explain the metabolism and excretion
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
What is the mechanism of action?
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
What are the major side effects/adverse effects? (List four)
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
Any use in special populations?
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
What is the dose for an adult and elderly by PO?
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
What is the dose for adult and elderly by IV?
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
What is the dose for children and infants PO?
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
What is the dose for children and infants IV?
Flagyl
500 mg IV q 6-8 hrs, infection
80% absorbed after PO administration. Minimal absorption after topical and vaginal.
Is a prodrug that is activated in anaerobic cells. It interacts with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure which is responsible for the antimicrobial actions.
15-35 mg/kg in divided doses q8h.
Peripheral neuropathy, seizures, dizziness, N&V, headache, dry mouth, and unpleasant metallic taste. Harmless darkening of the urine. Abdominal cramps, uterine pain.
Can cross the placenta barrier and enter into fetus bloodstream. Can be detected in breastmilk. Pregnant women and nursing. Consider dosage when giving to neonates.
Antimicrobial
500 mg PO q 6-8 hrs, infection
Widely distributed into most tissues and fluids, including CSF. Can cross placenta and enters fetal circulation rapidly. Enters breastmilk.
Partially metabolized by the liver, and excreted through the urine. Small amounts can be traced in the feces.
30 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 10 days
Treatment of anaerobic infections, treatment of trichomoniasis, amebiasis, antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. Topical treatment of acne rosacea, bacterial vaginosis, H. Pylori associated gastritis, and duodenal ulcer, inflammatory bowel disease.
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