Biology Final

Cells that have only one set of chromosomes "one set"

A cell that has both sets of homologous chromosomes "two sets"

One gene with two different forms controlled by a trait. Each form is called..

Is the process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is divided in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell

A single trait that can be controlled by more than one gene

Both alleles appear as part of the phenotype of the heterozygous offspring

One allele is not completely dominant over another

Genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes

Plants produce offspring identical to themselves

___ is a specific characteristic, such as height or seed color

Are the offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

A biological inheritance is determined by factors that are passed from one generation to the next

DNA is a long molecule made up of units called___

The DNA molecule separates into two strands. Each strand of DNA molecule series as a model for the new strand

The instructions for joining amino acids to make a protein

The scientific study of heredity

"Some alleles are dominant and others are recessive"-Mendel

The likelihood that something will occur

Diagrams that model genetic crosses. They can help predict homozygous or hetrozygous

The enzyme RNA polymerse binds to DNA and separates the two DNA strands

__ is the process in which the cell uses information from messenger RNA to make proteins

Are mistakes made when cells copy their own DNA

Changes in a single gene

Occurs at a single point in the DNA sequence of a gene

If a necleotide is added or removed

Change in the number of the structure of chromosomes

Deletions, Duplications, Inversions, Translocations

A small group of genes that work or operate together.

Are turned off by repressors and turned on by presence of lactose

Proteins are assembled on ribosomes. And ribiosomes are made up of proteins