Physiology final exam practice

The ________ nephrons play an important role in producing concentrated urine.

Which structure is an arteriole capillary bed drained by an arteriole instead of a venule?

Which of the following is the correct order of the nephron tubule structures?

Where is the micturition center?

Which of the following is NOT a potential filtration barrier in the glomerular capsule?

Increased sympathetic stimulation will cause ________.

The ability of the kidneys to maintain a relatively constant GFR despite fluctuating blood pressures is called as renal ________.

The sensor in tubuloglomerular feedback is a group of cells called the ________.

Glomerular filtration would be decreased by ________.

Through renal autoregulation, an increase in blood pressure will cause the afferent arteriole to ________ and therefore the GFR will ________.

The majority of reabsorption occurs in the ________.

________ of the nephron loop is/are impermeable to water.

The tubular filtrate osmolality ________ as it flows through the ascending limb of the nephron loop.

The concentration of renal filtrate is highest in the ________.

Countercurrent multiplication occurs by the actions of the ________.

If the rate of urine formation is 2 ml/min, the urine inulin concentration is 25 mg/ml, and the plasma inulin concentration 0.5 mg/ml, then the GFR is ________.

People with diabetes mellitus have glycosuria because ________.

The main region of aldosterone action is the ________.

Aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by a(n) ________ in blood Na+ or a(n) ________ in blood K+.

Changes in blood volume are detected by ________.

Hepatic places are separated by large capillary spaces called ________.

Choose the structure or substance that is NOT a barrier to acid and pepsin damage in the stomach.

Which of the following is NOT an effect of CCK?

Slow waves of the intestine are produced by what type of cells?

Removal of the ________ would NOT impact ________.

Which tunic of the GI tract is vascular and has many nerves and glands?

Vitamin B12 is primarily absorbed in the ________.

Pepsin would not be found in the stomach if the ________ cells were destroyed.

Acidic chyme is buffered by ________ secreted from the pancreas.

A patient underwent a partial gastrectomy. As a result of this procedure, the patient ________.

Which of the following are hepatic phagocytic cells of the reticuloendothelial system?

Wavelike muscular contraction of the gastrointestinal tract is called ________.

Inhibition of exocrine pancreatic secretions would result in ________.

The ________ of the stomach and intestine secrete histamine and serotonin.

Choose the physiologic process that should not be compromised by disease of the liver.

Why does the upper third of the esophagus have skeletal muscle in its wall?

Which of the following is NOT a major constituent of bile?

Antihistamines would directly limit the gastric secretion of ________.

The majority of hydrolysis of disaccharides occurs by the actions of enzymes found in the ________.

Which of the following may be beneficial in treating gastric ulcers?

In the female menstrual cycle ________.

Sertoli cells are stimulated by ________, while Leydig cells are stimulated by ________.

Day 1 of the menstrual cycle is the ________.

Estradiol amounts rise during the ________ phase of the endometrial menstrual cycle.

The ________ provides enzymes that allow the sperm to digest a pathway through the zona pellucida to the oocyte.

Males lacking testosterone receptors would ________.

For the rhythm method to be successful, coitus must not happen ________.

Secretion of LH is inhibited by ________.

The LH surge causes ________.

The ________ phase of the endometrium is supported when the ovary is in the luteal phase.

The first sign of puberty in females is ________.

Spermatogenesis is regulated by ________.

In males, androgens are required for ________.

About 60% of the volume of semen is produced by the ________.

How many sperm are produced from one spermatogonium?

After meiosis I in males, ________ are formed.

Gonadotropic hormones from the anterior pituitary will affect the gonads in all of the following ways EXCEPT ________.

Removal of the ________ would result in a lack of energy in the semen to support the sperm cells.

What structure of a mature follicle is a barrier to sperm and fertilization?

Choose the event in the male reproductive process that does not involve the Sertoli cells.

If an individual consumes excess calories in the form of carbohydrates, the excess energy is stored as ________.

Which hormones are involved in long-term regulation of hunger?

The metabolic rate of an awake, relaxed person, 12 to 14 hours after eating, at a comfortable temperature is known as the ________.

The preferred energy source for resting skeletal muscle is ________.

A positive energy balance occurs when ________.

Where is the major site of body energy storage?

Metabolic rate can be measured by the ________.

The only energy source for the brain is ________.

What hormone is important in adaptive thermogenesis?

Lipolysis is increased by ________.

Reactions that cause triglyceride storage to increase, and bones of the skeleton to grow longer, would be considered ________.

The BMI of a female weighing 130 pounds with a height of 68 inches would be closest to ________.

The satiety factor that acts to suppress neuropeptide Y and stimulate MSH release is ________.

Which of the following is an adipose tissue hormone that stimulates glucose utilization and fatty acid oxidation in muscle cells, thereby producing an insulin-sensitizing, antidiabetic effect?

Satiety would be induced by all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Decreased leptin secretion should not cause ________.

Since they are released between meals, ________ are involved in the short-term regulation of hunger.