Platform Tech
Mastering Platform Tech: The Ultimate Quiz
Test your knowledge of operating systems and memory management with this comprehensive quiz designed for tech enthusiasts! Dive into 60 thoughtfully crafted questions that cover the essential concepts of platform technology.
Whether you're a student, educator, or IT professional, this quiz will challenge your understanding and help you learn more about:
- Memory Management
- Address Space
- Paging and Segmentation
- Fragmentation and Protection
It is the functionality of an operating system (OS) that manages the primary memory, which includes the movement of processes back and forth between the main and the secondary memory during execution.
Memory management
Scheduling
Sharing
Relocation
These are the addresses used in a source code. The variable names, constants, and instruction labels are the basic elements of a symbolic address space.
Symbolic addresses
Relative Addresses
Physical Addresses
These are the addresses at the time of compilation. A compiler converts symbolic addresses into relative addresses.
Relative Addresses
Physical Addresses
Symbolic addresses
These addresses are generated by the loader when a program is loaded into the main memory.
Symbolic Addresses
Physical Addresses
Relative Addresses
This pertains to a fixed-length block of main memory.
Frame
Page
Swapping
Segment
This refers to a fixed-length block of data that resides in the secondary memory
Segment
Swapping
Fragmentation
Page
A variable-length block of data that resides in the secondary memory
Fragmentation
Memory Management
Segment
Page
It is a mechanism in which a process can be swapped temporarily out of the main memory to the secondary memory in order to make memory space available for other processes.
Page
Swapping
Segment
Frame
This occurs due to the continuous loading and removal of processes in the memory, wherein free memory spaces are broken down into smaller fragments
Segment
Frame
Fragmentation
Swapping
This occurs when the allotted memory blocks are of varying sizes.
Fragmentation
External Fragmentation
Internal Fragmentation
Simple Segmentation
This occurs when the allotted memory blocks are of fixed size, and specific processes need more space or less space than the size of the allotted memory block (
External Fragmentation
Internal Fragmentation
Page
Frame
It is not possible for a programmer to know in advance which programs will reside in the main memory at the exact time of the program execution.
Sharing
Relocation
Protection
Logical Organization
Each process should be protected against unwanted interference by other processes, whether accidental or intentional.
Protection
Sharing
Relocation
Swapping
Any protection mechanism must have the flexibility to allow several processes to access the same portion of the main memory
Sharing
Protection
Relocation
Fragmentation
Most programs are organized into modules, some of which are unmodified, read-only or execute-only, and some of which contain data that are modifiable.
Logical organization
Physical organization
Sharing
Relocation
The task of moving and organizing information flow between the main and the secondary memory should be a system responsibility
Physical organization
Logical Organization
Sharing
Protection
This is a volatile memory that provides fast access at a relatively high cost.
Secondary Memory
Main Memory
This is usually a non-volatile memory at a cheaper cost with slower access
Main Memory
Secondary Memory
The main memory is divided into a number of static partitions at system generation time, wherein a process may be loaded into a partition of equal or greater size. N
Fixed Partitioning
Dynamic Partitioning
Fragmentation
Segmentation
The partitions are created dynamically, wherein each process is loaded into a partition of exactly the same size as the process
Fixed Partitioning
Fragmentation
Dynamic Partitioning
Segmentation
This chooses the block that is closest to the requested size
Best-Fit
First-Fit
Next-Fit
This scans the memory from the beginning and chooses the first available block that is large enough to cater to the process
Next-Fit
First-Fit
Best-Fit
This scans the memory from the location of the last placement and chooses the next available block that is large enough to cater to the process.
Best-Fit
First-Fit
Next-Fit
The memory is divided into a number of equally sized frames, while each process is divided into a number of equally sized pages of the same length as the frames
Simple Segmentation
Simple Paging
Virtual Memory Paging
Virtual Memory Segmentation
Each process is divided into a number of segments, wherein a process is loaded by adding all of its segments into dynamic partitions.
Virtual Memory Paging
Virtual Memory Segmentation
Simple Paging
Simple Segmentation
Is an abstraction of the main memory, providing processes and the kernel with their own, almost infinite, private view of the main memory.
Virtual Memory Paging
Virtual Memory
Main Memory
Scheduling
This partitioning method is similar to simple paging, but does not necessarily load all of the pages of the process.
Simple Segmentation
Virtual Memory Paging
Simple Paging
Virtual Memory Segmentation
This partitioning method is similar to simple segmentation, but does not necessarily load all the segments of a process.
Virtual Memory Segmentation
Simple Segmentation
Simple Paging
Virtual Memory Paging
is the act of selecting a job or a task that is to be dispatched.
Memory Management
Scheduling
Medium-term scheduling
Swapping
This queue contains all the processes in the system.
Job queue
Ready queue
Device queue
This queue keeps a set of all processes residing in the main memory, ready and waiting to execute.
Device queue
Ready queue
Job queue
This queue contains processes waiting for a device to become available.
Ready queue
Device queue
Job queue
determines which programs are admitted to the system for processing.
Long-term scheduling
Short-term scheduling
Medium-term scheduling
is invoked whenever an event that may lead to the blocking of the current process occurs.
Medium-term scheduling
Long-term scheduling
Short-term scheduling
The dispatcher executes more frequently compared to the job scheduler, and makes the fine-grained decisions of which process to execute next.
Short-term scheduling
Long-term scheduling
Medium-term scheduling
is in charge of handling the swapped-out processes.
Medium-term scheduling
Short-term scheduling
Long-term scheduling
A running process becomes suspended if it makes an I/O request, wherein it cannot make any progress towards completion.
Ready queue
Swapping
Relocation
Segment
The interval of time between the submission of a process and its completion.
Response time
Turnaround time
Burst time
Waiting time
The time from the submission of a request until the response begins to be received.
Waiting time
Response time
Processor utilization
Fairness
The amount of time required for a process to be executed by the CPU.
Burst Time
Waiting Time
Ready queue
Resource balancing
The scheduling algorithm also affects the amount of time that a process spends waiting in the ready queue.
Burst Time
Fairness
Throughput
Waiting time
The scheduling algorithm should attempt to maximize the number of processes completed per unit of time
Throughput
Processor utilization
Priority
Fairness
The percentage of time that the processor is busy. For exclusive shared systems, this criterion is significant.
Priority
Processor utilization
Throughput
Fairness
Can be modified dynamically by the scheduler to improve the performance of certain workloads.
Priority
Throughput
Processor utilization
Turn around time
In the absence of guidance from the user or other systemsupplied guidance, processes should be treated the same, and no process should suffer from starvation.
Priority
Fairness
CPU bound
Burst time
The scheduling algorithm should keep the resources of the system busy.
Priority
Resource balancing
Fairness
Response time
This includes applications that perform heavy compute operations, such as scientific and mathematical analysis, which are expected to have long runtimes
I/O Bound
CPU Bound
This includes applications that perform input/output operations, such as web servers, file servers, and interactive shells, where low-latency responses are desirable.
CPU Bound
I/O Bound
Once a process is in the Running State, it continues to execute until it terminates or it blocks itself to wait for an I/O operation or to request some OS service.
Non-preemptive
Preemptive
CPU Bound
I/O Bound
The currently running processes may be interrupted and moved to the Ready State by the OS.
Preemptive
Non-preemptive
I/O Bound
CPU Bound
In this algorithm, all incoming processes join the ready queue. Then, if the currently running process ceases to execute, the process that has been in the ready queue the longest is selected for running.
Shortest Job First (SJF)
First-Come First-Serve (FCFS)
Round Robin (RR)
Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF)
It is also identified as a strict queuing scheme
First-Come First-Serve (FCFS)
Round Robin (RR)
Shortest Job First (SJF)
Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF)
This algorithm is easy to implement in batch systems, where the required CPU time is known in advance.
Shortest Job First (SJF)
First-Come First-Serve (FCFS)
Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF)
Round Robin (RR)
This algorithm selects and executes the process with the shortest expected or estimated processing time.
Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF)
Shortest Job First (SJF)
First-Come First-Serve (FCFS)
Round Robin (RR)
In this algorithm, when a new process with a shorter remaining time joins the ready queue, the scheduler may preempt the currently running process and execute the new one.
First-Come First-Serve (FCFS)
Round Robin (RR)
Shortest Job First (SJF)
Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF)
It is a preemptive version of the SJF algorithm.
Shortest Job First (SJF)
First-Come First-Serve (FCFS)
Round Robin (RR)
Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF)
This algorithm involves the generation of a clock interrupt at periodic intervals. When the interrupt occurs, the currently running process is placed in the ready queue, and the next ready job is selected on a first-come first-serve basis.
Round Robin (RR)
Shortest Job First (SJF)
Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF)
First-Come First-Serve (FCFS)
This technique is known as time slicing, because each process is given a slice of time before being preempted
Shortest Job First (SJF)
Round Robin (RR)
Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF)
First-Come First-Serve (FCFS)
Each process is provided with a fixed time to execute, called the
Quantum
Gantt Chart
In general, each system process is assigned with a corresponding priority, and the scheduler will always choose a process of higher priority.
Non-Preemptive Priority (NPP) Scheduling
Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF)
First-Come First-Serve (FCFS)
Shortest Job First (SJF)
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