Tumours

What is NOT a feature of a naevus?

Benign

Cancerous

Contain pigment

Cluster of cells

The bigger the lesion the more likely it is to be melanoma

True

False

1% of neavi turn malignant, but out of the cases of malignant melanoma how many originated from a choroidal neavi

1/4

1/2

1/3

1/5

What is the age group that malignant melanomas seem to be detected

Under 15 years

20-40

40-60

60-80

What is the most common intraocular tumour?

Malignant melanoma of the choroid

Malignant melanoma of the CB

Malignant melanoma of the Iris

Malignant melanoma of the ON

There are high mortality rates with malignant melanomas of the choroid depending on what melanocyte cell type involved. What cell type has the highest mortality rate?

Spindle A

Spindle B

Mixed

Epitheliod

What is the mortality rate of a patient diagnosed with malignant melanoma of the choroid?

5 years

10 years

20 years

30 years

Most Malignant melanomas have an orange tinge. What causes this?

Neivascularisation of the tumour

Leaked lipofuskin from atrophied RPE over the lesion

Thinned RPE

Reflection from fundoscopy

Enlargement of the tumour of the choroid is restricted by the sclera and bruch's membrane and therefore constrained within the plane of the choroid therefore they are usually ....

Flatter

Taller

Pigmented

Non-pigmented

What is the collar button effect in regards to a malignant melanoma?

Growth into the orbit

Growth along nerves

Penetration of bruch's membrane

Penetration of the sclera

What percentage of systemic metastasis is usually found in the liver from the melanoma of choroid?

12%

18%

24%

97%

What does the F stand for in the acronym is TFSOM-UHHD

Feathery margins

Flat lesions

Subretinal Fluid

Furrowed in Bruch's membrane

What does the O stand for in the acronym is TFSOM-UHHD

Oedema

Orange Pigment

Oval shaped

ONH close

What is the most common metastatic tumours to choroid ?

Lung

Liver

Bowel

Ovaries

What is NOT a Ddx of choroidal melanoma?

Retinoschisis

Retinal Cysts

Drusen

Retinal detachment

In regards to management of choroid melanoma what would be an optimetrist role?

Refer to ophthalmologist

Observe

Treat with plaque irradiation

Refer to GP for metastasis investigation

Plaque irradiation....

Radioactive plaque is sutured to the sclera where the lesion is the radiation reaches the lesion and kills cancerous cells

Laser photocoagualtion that burns the cancer cells

Causes enucleation of the globe

A surgical technique that psychically removes the tumour

The COMS study 1997 found that

There were further consequences and poorer heath outcomes using plaque irradiation than enucleation

Plaque radiation therapy and enuucliation of the eye are both effective in preventing metastatic choroidal melanoma

Laser therapy was the most common therapy

Plaque irradiation only was successful with small tumours

Malignant melanoma of the cililary body always causes High IOP

True

False

What is NOT part of the management of malignant melanoma of the cililary body?

Enucleation

Local sectioning surgery

Anti-glaucoma medication and refer

In regards to the ABCDEF acronym for the risk factors of an iris melanoma. the C stands for

Causes symptoms

Chamber reaction

Clock hours of mass inferiorly

Clock hours of mass temporally

In regards to the ABCDEF acronym for the risk factors of an iris melanoma. What does the D stand for?

Diffuse growth pattern

Dense lesion

Dark pigment

Pigments DISPERSION syndrome

Retinoblastoma inheritance is usually

X-linked

Autosomal dominant

Autosomal reccessive

Sporadic

What is the most important sign in children for retinoblastoma

Ptosis

Strabismus

High Refractive error

High IOP

What is NOT a ddx for retinoblastoma?

Toxoplasmosis

Tuberosclerosis

Toxocara

Choroidal neavi

What is the most common orbital tumour in childhood

Retinoblastoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Abglomatosis retinae

Choroidal melanoma

What is this image show?

Retinoblastoma

Melanoma of the choroid

Choroidal neavus

Retinal detachement

What does this image show?

Iris melanoma

Iris neavus

CB melanoma

Sentinel vessels

Tumours

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