Quizzes > Quizzes for Business > Healthcare
Neuroanatomía y Neurofisiología Quiz Challenge
Pon a prueba conocimientos de neuroanatomía y fisiología
Este quiz de Neuroanatomía y Neurofisiología te ayuda a repasar estructuras, vías y funciones del sistema nervioso con 15 preguntas de opción múltiple. Úsalo para medir tu nivel y detectar lagunas antes del examen. Si quieres practicar de otra forma, prueba este cuestionario de repaso general o la prueba de Fundamentos de TI .
Learning Outcomes
- Identificar las principales estructuras del sistema nervioso central
- Analizar las funciones de las regiones cerebrales clave
- Aplicar conceptos de neurofisiología a escenarios clínicos
- Evaluar la comunicación neuronal y sináptica efectivamente
- Dominar la terminología esencial en neuroanatomía avanzada
- Demostrar comprensión de vías sensoriales y motoras
Cheat Sheet
- Basic structure of a neuron - Think of a neuron as a quirky post office: the cell body (soma) sorts your mail, dendrites catch incoming letters (signals), and the axon ships them off. The myelin sheath, made by oligodendrocytes in the CNS and Schwann cells in the PNS, wraps the axon like bubble wrap, speeding up delivery and keeping everything safe.
- Gray matter vs. white matter - Gray matter is the brain's busy workshop, packed with neuron cell bodies that process information, while white matter acts like the express highway of myelinated axons, linking different regions for rapid communication. Imagine gray matter as your brain's control center and white matter as the superhighway system connecting it all.
- Major brain divisions - Your brain is split into three big zones: the forebrain (cerebral hemispheres and diencephalon) handles advanced thinking and basic survival, the midbrain processes visual and auditory data, and the hindbrain (pons, medulla, cerebellum) keeps you balanced and breathing. It's like a high-tech command center with specialized departments.
- Functions of key brain regions - The thalamus is the ultimate relay boss for sensory signals, the hypothalamus keeps your body's thermostat and hunger on point, and the cerebellum is your personal balance coach, fine-tuning movement and coordination. Together, they form a dream team that keeps you functioning smoothly.
- Role of the blood - brain barrier (BBB) - The BBB is like a custom security checkpoint made of tight junctions between endothelial cells, selectively filtering what gets into your brain from the bloodstream. It protects against toxins and bacteria, but also makes drug delivery a fun puzzle for scientists.
- Synaptic transmission process - At synapses, neurons chat by releasing neurotransmitters from the presynaptic side and docking them on receptors of the postsynaptic neuron, sparking a new electrical wave. This tiny chemical handshake is the foundation of every thought, feeling, and movement you make.
- Cranial nerves crash course - You've got 12 pairs of cranial nerves, each with its own superpower - like the optic nerve for vision, the facial nerve for expressions, and the vagus nerve for heart and gut vibes. Memorizing their names and functions can be your ticket to acing neuro exams.
- Spinal cord organization - The spinal cord is your body's info superhighway, divided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal segments, each sending nerves to specific zones. It's the ultimate dispatcher for reflexes and voluntary muscle commands.
- Resting membrane potential (RMP) - At rest, neurons maintain about - 70 mV inside the membrane thanks to ion pumps and channels, like the sodium-potassium pump keeping K+ in and Na+ out. This electrical tension sets the stage for action potentials to fire when you need them.
- Sensory and motor pathways - Sensory highways like the dorsal columns handle fine touch and body position info, while motor expressways like the corticospinal tract send your brain's movement orders to muscles. Mastering these routes is key to understanding how you interact with the world.
