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Quizzes > Sports

Sports Training Knowledge Quiz (prueba de conocimientos deportivos)

Quick, free exercise science quiz. Instant results.

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Chastiny LewisUpdated Aug 24, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
Questions: 20
Learning OutcomesStudy Material
Colorful paper art displaying questions for a Sports Training Knowledge Test quiz

This sports training knowledge quiz helps you check core training theory and technique across 15 multiple-choice questions, so you can spot gaps and improve your next plan or session. Get instant scoring with brief explanations. Want a broader challenge? Try the sports knowledge test or sharpen recall with a sports mcq quiz.

What is the primary purpose of a warm-up before athletic training?
Increase flexibility to maximum levels
Increase muscle temperature and blood flow
Promote muscle breakdown to stimulate growth
Immediately reduce fatigue after training
A warm-up raises muscle temperature and enhances blood flow, preparing the body for exercise. This reduces injury risk and improves performance.
Which training principle states that training adaptations are specific to the type of activity performed?
Reversibility Principle
Overload Principle
Specificity Principle
Individualization Principle
The specificity principle dictates that training adaptations occur only in the exercised muscles and energy systems used. Tailoring activities to desired outcomes maximizes relevant performance improvements.
What does VO2 max measure?
Maximum heart rate achieved during exercise
Maximum blood volume pumped by the heart in one beat
Maximum rate of oxygen consumption during intense exercise
Maximum voluntary muscle contraction force
VO2 max measures the highest rate at which an individual can consume oxygen during intense exercise. It is a key indicator of aerobic capacity and cardiovascular fitness.
What is the main goal of a cool-down after exercise?
Rapidly increase muscle strength
Improve maximal power output
Gradually lower heart rate and assist in recovery
Replace warm-up to prepare for training
A cool-down helps to gradually bring heart rate down and assist recovery. It prevents blood pooling and stiffness after exercise.
In training periodization, what is a macrocycle?
The longest training cycle, often spanning a year
An individual exercise session
A short recovery phase between workouts
A weekly training schedule
A macrocycle is a long-term training cycle that often spans an entire season or year. It encompasses multiple mesocycles and aligns with overall performance goals.
Which warm-up technique involves controlled leg and arm swings to prepare muscles for dynamic movement?
PNF stretching
Dynamic stretching
Foam rolling
Static stretching
Dynamic stretching uses controlled leg and arm swings to mimic sport-specific movements and increase muscle temperature. It improves mobility and nerve activation before high-intensity training.
Which cool-down method is most effective for aiding lactate clearance?
Static stretching alone
High-intensity intervals
Isometric contractions
Low-intensity aerobic exercise
Low-intensity aerobic exercise during cool-down keeps blood circulating, helping to transport lactate from muscles to the liver for processing. This accelerates recovery compared to static stretching or rest alone.
What conditioning technique is most appropriate for a 100-meter sprinter aiming to improve power and speed?
Long slow distance running
Yoga flexibility sessions
Continuous moderate cycling
High-intensity interval training with short rest
Sprinters depend on rapid ATP production from anaerobic systems, so high-intensity interval training with short rest periods targets power and speed development. Long slow distance running would not sufficiently challenge fast-twitch fibers.
Which conditioning method is best for a marathon runner to develop aerobic endurance?
Plyometric jumping
Sprint interval training
Long slow distance
Maximal strength lifts
Marathon running relies on the aerobic energy system, and long slow distance training builds capillary density and mitochondrial efficiency. Other methods like sprint intervals and maximal lifts do not specifically develop slow-twitch endurance.
Which strength training approach is ideal for improving muscular endurance?
Low repetitions with heavy weight
Isometric hold at 90 degrees
Single maximal lift with long rest
High repetitions with lighter weight
High-repetition sets with lighter loads improve metabolic conditioning and fatigue resistance in muscles. Low repetition heavy lifting focuses on maximal strength rather than endurance.
In periodization, what is a mesocycle?
A medium-length training phase focusing on specific adaptations
The complete annual training plan
The strategy for tapering before competition
The warm-up routine before workouts
A mesocycle usually spans several weeks to a few months and is designed to target specific physiological adaptations such as strength or endurance. It bridges the microcycle and macrocycle in a periodized plan.
What does tapering refer to in a training program?
Complete rest for two weeks
Gradual reduction of training volume before competition
Sudden increase in training intensity
Switching to a different sport
Tapering reduces overall training volume while maintaining or slightly reducing intensity to allow physiological systems to recover and supercompensate. This strategy leads to peak performance in competitions.
Which energy system predominantly supplies ATP during a 200-meter sprint?
Aerobic oxidative system
Anaerobic glycolytic system
Phosphagen system
Lactate buffer system
A 200-meter sprint lasting 20 - 30 seconds predominantly uses anaerobic glycolysis for rapid ATP production without oxygen. The phosphagen system contributes initially but cannot sustain energy for the entire sprint.
On the Borg 6 - 20 RPE scale, what value typically corresponds to a 'somewhat hard' effort?
11
15
17
13
On the Borg scale, 13 is labeled 'somewhat hard', which aligns with moderate to vigorous effort perception. Athletes use this value to gauge training intensity and adjust workouts accordingly.
What is an appropriate rest period between sets when the training goal is hypertrophy?
30 seconds
1 - 2 minutes
5 minutes
10 seconds
Moderate rest of 1 - 2 minutes balances muscular fatigue and recovery optimally for muscle growth. This duration balances metabolic recovery with time under tension for optimal muscle growth.
Which periodization model involves alternating training intensity and volume on a daily or weekly basis?
Undulating periodization
Block periodization
Linear periodization
Concurrent periodization
Undulating periodization varies intensity and volume frequently within short cycles to prevent plateaus. Unlike linear, it does not progress steadily but adapts frequently to training responses.
When designing a PNF stretching protocol during warm-up, which technique involves contracting the target muscle isometrically against resistance before stretching?
Agonist contract
Hold-relax
Static hold
Ballistic bounce
Hold-relax PNF entails an isometric contraction of the muscle being stretched followed by relaxation and a deeper passive stretch. This sequence enhances flexibility by stimulating both autogenic inhibition and increased muscle relaxation.
What phenomenon describes the reduced strength gains observed when combining endurance and strength training in the same program?
Overreaching syndrome
Interference effect
Cross-education
Supercompensation
The interference effect occurs because endurance and strength stimuli can elicit conflicting cellular adaptations, limiting maximal strength development. This effect is particularly evident when high volumes of endurance training coincide with resistance workouts without adequate recovery.
A 30-year-old athlete with a measured maximum heart rate of 190 bpm wants to train at 70% of her HRmax. What target heart rate should she aim for?
152 bpm
133 bpm
114 bpm
76 bpm
Calculating 70% of 190 bpm yields 133 bpm, setting the proper intensity for moderate aerobic training. Targeting this heart rate optimizes cardiovascular adaptations.
Which active cool-down strategy is most effective at enhancing lactate removal immediately after high-intensity exercise?
Complete rest in supine position
Heavy resistance training at low rep
Static stretching only
Light cycling at 30 - 40% of VO2 max
Engaging in light aerobic exercise at low intensity sustains blood flow and accelerates lactate clearance. This method is more effective than passive recovery or stretching alone at reducing muscle soreness.
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Learning Outcomes

  1. Analyse key principles of athletic training programs
  2. Identify optimal conditioning techniques for different sports
  3. Apply effective warm-up and cool-down strategies
  4. Evaluate strength and endurance training methods
  5. Demonstrate understanding of training periodization concepts
  6. Master foundational sports physiology terminology

Cheat Sheet

  1. Understand the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) - Imagine your body as a superhero responding to stress in three acts: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. By spotting these stages, you can craft workouts that push you without pushing you over the edge.
  2. Master the SAID Principle - Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands (SAID) means your body gets really good at exactly what you train it for. If you want to be a sprinter, you sprint; if you want to lift heavy, you lift heavy.
  3. Implement Effective Warm-Up and Cool-Down Routines - Warming up is like revving an engine: it boosts blood flow, loosens muscles, and wards off injuries. Cooling down helps your muscles say "thanks" by flushing out lactic acid and reducing soreness.
  4. Apply the Overload Principle - To get stronger, you need to keep adding a little extra challenge - more weight, more reps, or more time under tension. This gradual increase is your ticket to gains without burnout.
  5. Grasp the Concept of Periodization - Break your training year into big cycles (macro), medium cycles (meso), and short cycles (micro) to peak at the right time. It's like plotting a story arc for your fitness journey, with plenty of recovery chapters.
  6. Differentiate Between Muscle Contractions - Muscles can hold still (isometric), shorten (concentric), or lengthen under load (eccentric). Mixing all three types in your workouts levels up strength and flexibility in a flash.
  7. Recognize the Importance of Flexibility - Stretching isn't just for gymnasts - it keeps your joints happy and injury-free. Try static holds, dynamic swings, or PNF tricks to unlock your full range of motion.
  8. Understand Energy Systems in Sports Physiology - Whether it's explosive sprints (phosphagen), intense bursts (glycolytic), or marathon efforts (oxidative), each system fuels you differently. Train the system that your sport demands most.
  9. Incorporate Cross-Training - Mix in swimming, cycling, or yoga to keep things fresh, dodge overuse injuries, and build all-around fitness. Plus, variety keeps you motivated and curious!
  10. Monitor and Adjust Training Loads - Logging workouts and measuring performance helps you tweak intensity and volume so you keep improving without crashing. Think of it as charting your own personal performance roadmap.
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