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Quizzes > Science

Chemistry Unit 1 Test: Practice Core Concepts

Quick, free Chemistry Unit 1 practice test for Grade 10. Instant results.

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Nazzatul Sheema Abd HalimUpdated Aug 25, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
Grade: Grade 10
Study OutcomesCheat Sheet
Colorful paper art promoting a high school chemistry trivia challenge

Use this quiz to check your understanding of Chemistry Unit 1 and spot topics to review before a test. You will answer 20 quick questions on matter, measurement, atoms, and basic lab skills. After you finish, try our chemistry test 1 review or the grade 10 chemistry quiz, then move on to the chemistry chapter 2 quiz.

What is an atom?
A compound made of molecules
An assembly of protons only
The smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element
A solid building block found only in metals
An atom is defined as the smallest unit of an element that still retains its chemical properties. It consists of a nucleus made of protons and neutrons with electrons orbiting around it.
What subatomic particle determines the identity of an element?
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Photon
The identity of an element is determined by its number of protons, which is also known as the atomic number. This fundamental characteristic differentiates one element from another.
Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Positron
Electrons are the subatomic particles that carry a negative charge, while protons are positively charged and neutrons have no charge. This characteristic is essential for understanding basic atomic structure.
What is the chemical formula for water?
H2O
HO2
OH
H3O
Water is composed of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom, which gives it the formula H2O. This is one of the most basic and well-known chemical compounds.
How are elements arranged in the Periodic Table?
Alphabetically by name
By the number of neutrons
By increasing atomic mass
By increasing atomic number
The periodic table is organized by increasing atomic number, which corresponds to the number of protons in an element's nucleus. This arrangement reveals periodic trends in chemical properties.
In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the number of what?
Molecules
Protons
Ions
Neutrons
For a neutral atom, electrons and protons are present in equal numbers to balance the electrical charge. This balance is what keeps the atom electrically neutral.
What is an element?
A mixture of two or more compounds
A structured compound with a fixed composition
A substance made entirely of one type of atom
A substance that is a combination of different elements
An element is a pure substance that consists of only one kind of atom. Its atoms have identical numbers of protons, which defines the element's chemical identity.
Which element does the symbol 'Na' represent?
Sodium
Nitrogen
Neon
Nickel
The chemical symbol 'Na' is derived from the Latin name 'Natrium' for sodium. Recognizing element symbols is crucial for understanding chemical formulas in reactions.
What is an isotope?
Atoms of different elements with the same mass number
Molecules that have lost or gained electrons
Ions with extra electrons
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have identical numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This difference does not usually affect chemical properties but does affect atomic mass.
What does the atomic number of an element represent?
The weight of the atom
The total number of protons and neutrons
The number of electron shells
The number of protons in the nucleus
The atomic number is defined as the number of protons in an element's nucleus. It is a fundamental property that distinguishes one element from another.
Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?
Ionic bond
Hydrogen bond
Covalent bond
Metallic bond
A covalent bond is formed when atoms share pairs of electrons. This bonding type is essential for the structure of many molecules and plays a key role in organic chemistry.
Which reaction type involves the exchange of ions between two compounds?
Synthesis reaction
Combustion reaction
Single displacement reaction
Double displacement (metathesis) reaction
Double displacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between reacting substances, usually in an aqueous solution. This type of reaction often results in the formation of a precipitate.
How is the formula weight of a compound computed?
By summing the atomic weights of all the atoms in the molecule
By averaging the mass of its constituent atoms
By multiplying the atomic weight of the central atom by the number of bonds
By subtracting the weight of electrons from the atomic weight
The formula weight is calculated by adding together the atomic weights of all atoms present in the compound's formula. This value is crucial for performing stoichiometric calculations in chemical reactions.
Which subatomic particle is considered to have negligible mass compared to the others?
Electron
Alpha particle
Proton
Neutron
Electrons have a very small mass compared to protons and neutrons, making their contribution to the overall atomic mass minimal. This concept is often used to simplify calculations in atomic mass determinations.
What is stoichiometry?
The calculation of reactants and products in a chemical reaction
The analysis of chemical bonding using molecular orbital theory
The branch of chemistry that deals with the properties of gases
The study of periodic trends of elements
Stoichiometry involves quantitative calculations that determine the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It is a fundamental tool used to balance equations and predict yields.
Which statement best describes the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions?
Mass changes when energy is absorbed or released
Mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction
Mass increases when new substances are formed
Mass decreases as reactants combine into products
The law of conservation of mass states that mass is conserved in a chemical reaction, meaning the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products. This principle is fundamental in balancing chemical equations.
If a neutral atom has 15 protons and 16 neutrons, how many electrons does it have?
31
15
1
16
A neutral atom has an equal number of protons and electrons. Therefore, if the atom has 15 protons, it must also have 15 electrons to maintain electrical neutrality.
Why do elements in the same group of the Periodic Table often exhibit similar chemical properties?
They occupy the same period in the table
They have similar valence electron configurations
They have the same number of neutrons
They have identical atomic masses
Elements in the same group possess similar valence electron configurations, which largely determine their chemical behavior. This similarity leads to trends in reactivity and bonding properties among group members.
What is the primary purpose of using moles in chemical calculations?
To evaluate the speed of chemical reactions
To calculate the mass of a sample without knowing its composition
To measure the number of atoms or molecules present
To determine the electrical charge of a substance
The mole is a unit in chemistry that represents a specific number of particles, allowing scientists to count atoms or molecules in a sample. This concept is essential for converting between the mass of a substance and the number of particles it contains.
In a balanced chemical equation, why do the coefficients reflect the mole ratio of reactants and products?
They indicate the proportional number of particles involved in the reaction
They represent the mass of each substance in grams
They determine the energy required for the reaction
They show the number of bonds formed during the reaction
The coefficients in a balanced chemical equation specify the mole ratio of the reactants and products, ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation. This balance is critical for upholding the law of conservation of mass.
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand foundational atomic structure and periodic trends.
  2. Analyze types of chemical bonds and intermolecular forces.
  3. Apply stoichiometric principles to balance and predict chemical reactions.
  4. Evaluate the behavior of matter during chemical changes.
  5. Interpret experimental data to support chemical concepts and theories.

Chemistry Unit 1 Review & Practice Test Cheat Sheet

  1. Structure of the Atom - Dive into the heart of matter by exploring protons, neutrons, and electrons. Discover how these tiny particles determine an element's identity, behavior, and place on the periodic table. OpenStax Chemistry: Key Terms
  2. Isotopes Explained - Learn why atoms of the same element can have different neutron counts and how that tweaks their atomic mass. Explore real‑world uses of isotopes in radiocarbon dating and medical imaging. AP Chemistry Unit 1 Resources
  3. The Mole & Avogadro's Number - Master the chemist's counting system, where 6.022×10²³ particles become your standard "dozen." Connect mass in grams to actual particle counts and ace your stoichiometry problems. AP Chemistry Unit 1 Resources
  4. Periodic Table Trends - Crack the code of groups, periods, and key trends like atomic radius, electronegativity, and ionization energy. Map each element's personality and predict its chemistry adventures. IIITian Academy: Atomic Structure
  5. Electron Configurations - Practice writing electron "addresses" to see how electrons fill shells and subshells. Use this map to predict reactivity, bonding patterns, and periodic trends like a pro. AP Chemistry Unit 1 Resources
  6. Empirical vs. Molecular Formulas - Differentiate between the simplest atom ratios and the actual counts in molecules. Turn experimental data into clear formulas and strengthen your compound‑analysis skills. AP Chemistry Unit 1 Resources
  7. Chemical Bonding - Explore ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds and learn why atoms stick together. Relate bond types to properties like melting points, conductivity, and solubility in a fun, visual way. IIITian Academy: Bonding Basics
  8. Conservation Laws - Grasp the laws of conservation of mass, definite proportions, and multiple proportions. Balance your chemical reactions with confidence, knowing atoms don't vanish or magically appear. IIITian Academy: Conservation Laws
  9. Reaction Types & Balancing - Get hands‑on with synthesis, decomposition, single‑replacement, and double‑replacement reactions. Practice balancing equations to tell the complete story of atom rearrangement. IIITian Academy: Reaction Types
  10. States of Matter & Phase Changes - Journey through solids, liquids, and gases and learn what happens at melting, freezing, and evaporation points. Visualize molecular motion as you heat up or cool down your substances. OpenStax Chemistry: Key Terms
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