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Quizzes > Health & Medicine

Macro Quiz: Carbs, Protein, and Fat in Everyday Food

Quick, free macronutrients quiz. Instant results to guide your next meal.

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Abeija Karylle SuanaUpdated Aug 28, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art style icons representing proteins carbs fats macro quiz on teal background, test your nutrition knowledge

This macro quiz helps you check how protein, carbs, and fats work together in real meals and snacks. Answer short questions to spot gaps, learn portion cues, and plan balanced plates with quick feedback; then try our macronutrients quiz or review basics with the nutrition knowledge test.

Which macronutrient provides approximately 9 calories per gram?
Carbohydrate
Protein
Fat
Alcohol
Fat is the most energy-dense macronutrient, supplying around 9 calories per gram. Proteins and carbohydrates both provide about 4 calories per gram, while alcohol provides approximately 7 calories per gram. Knowing caloric density helps in planning balanced diets and managing energy intake.
Which of the following is a primary function of dietary protein?
Regulating body temperature
Insulating nerve fibers
Storing genetic information
Building and repairing tissues
Proteins are vital for building and repairing muscle, bone, skin, and other tissues. They are made up of amino acids, some of which cannot be synthesized and must be obtained from the diet. Proteins also play roles in enzyme and hormone production.
Which macronutrient is the body's preferred energy source during high-intensity exercise?
Protein
Fat
Carbohydrate
Fiber
During high-intensity exercise, the body relies mainly on carbohydrates stored as glycogen for quick energy. Carbs can be rapidly broken down into glucose, supplying ATP to muscles more efficiently than fats or proteins in these conditions. Adequate carb intake supports performance and endurance in intense workouts.
How many essential amino acids must be obtained from the diet?
20
6
11
9
Humans require nine essential amino acids from dietary sources because they cannot synthesize them internally. The other 11 non-essential amino acids can be made by the body. A balanced diet with various protein sources ensures adequate essential amino acid intake.
Which macronutrient is primarily responsible for insulation and hormone production?
Carbohydrate
Fiber
Protein
Fat
Dietary fats play critical roles in insulating body organs and regulating temperature. They are also precursors for steroid hormones like estrogen and testosterone. Fat supports cell membrane structure and assists in absorbing fat-soluble vitamins.
Glucose and fructose are examples of which carbohydrate classification?
Monosaccharides
Polysaccharides
Oligosaccharides
Disaccharides
Monosaccharides are simple sugars consisting of a single sugar molecule like glucose and fructose. Disaccharides such as sucrose contain two monosaccharide units. Polysaccharides are long chains of monosaccharides.
What term describes the amount of energy used to digest, absorb, and metabolize food?
Resting energy expenditure
Net energy balance
Basal metabolic rate
Thermic effect of food
The thermic effect of food (TEF) is the energy required for digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients. It typically accounts for about 5 - 15% of total energy expenditure. Protein has a higher TEF than fats or carbohydrates.
What does the glycemic index measure?
Vitamin absorption rates
Rate of protein digestion
Blood sugar response after carbohydrate intake
Speed of fat absorption
The glycemic index (GI) ranks carbohydrate-containing foods by their effect on blood glucose levels after eating. High-GI foods cause rapid spikes, while low-GI foods lead to gradual rises. This measurement guides dietary choices for blood sugar management.
Which of the following is an omega-3 fatty acid?
Oleic acid
Alpha-linolenic acid
Linoleic acid
Palmitic acid
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is an essential omega-3 fatty acid that the body cannot produce and must obtain from plant sources like flaxseed. Linoleic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid. Omega-3s support heart and brain health.
How many grams of protein are provided by 100 calories from protein?
25 grams
50 grams
4 grams
20 grams
Protein yields about 4 calories per gram. Dividing 100 calories by 4 calories per gram gives 25 grams of protein. This calculation helps in designing macronutrient-balanced meal plans.
Which metabolic state describes the breakdown of molecules to release energy?
Gluconeogenesis
Anabolism
Metabolism
Catabolism
Catabolism refers to metabolic pathways that break down molecules into smaller units, releasing energy stored in chemical bonds. Anabolism is the opposite process, building larger molecules from smaller ones and consuming energy. These two pathways together constitute overall metabolism.
According to dietary guidelines, what percentage of total calories should come from carbohydrates?
20-35%
10-35%
5-10%
45-65%
Most health organizations recommend that 45 - 65% of total daily calories come from carbohydrates. This range supports energy needs and provides fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Individual needs can vary based on activity levels and health goals.
Which process converts excess carbohydrates into fatty acids?
De novo lipogenesis
Glycolysis
Beta-oxidation
Gluconeogenesis
De novo lipogenesis is the pathway by which excess glucose is converted into fatty acids for storage as triglycerides in adipose tissue. This process occurs mainly in the liver. It is upregulated when carbohydrate intake exceeds immediate energy needs.
Which type of fat is liquid at room temperature and commonly found in plants?
Trans fat
Cholesterol
Unsaturated fat
Saturated fat
Unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds in their fatty acid chains, making them liquid at room temperature. They are prevalent in plant oils like olive, canola, and sunflower oil. Unsaturated fats support heart health when they replace saturated fats.
Which branched-chain amino acid plays a key role in muscle protein synthesis?
Serine
Glycine
Leucine
Alanine
Leucine is one of three branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and acts as a signaling molecule to stimulate muscle protein synthesis via the mTOR pathway. It cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained through diet. High-leucine foods include dairy and meat.
Which ketone body is primarily produced by the liver during low-carbohydrate diets?
Acetoacetate
Citrate
Lactate
Pyruvate
Acetoacetate is one of the first ketone bodies generated in the liver during ketosis. It can be converted to beta-hydroxybutyrate or spontaneously decarboxylate to acetone. These ketones provide alternative fuel when carbohydrate availability is low.
What is the main site of carbohydrate absorption in the digestive tract?
Small intestine
Large intestine
Mouth
Stomach
Most carbohydrates are broken down into monosaccharides by enzymes in the small intestine and then absorbed through the intestinal lining into the bloodstream. The brush border enzymes complete digestion. The large intestine absorbs water and some minerals, not significant carbohydrates.
Which hormone promotes glucose uptake into muscle and fat cells?
Glucagon
Cortisol
Insulin
Adrenaline
Insulin is the primary anabolic hormone that facilitates glucose entry into muscle and adipose tissue by promoting GLUT4 transporter translocation. It also inhibits gluconeogenesis and lipolysis. Insufficient insulin action leads to hyperglycemia.
Which macronutrient has the highest thermic effect of food (TEF)?
Alcohol
Fat
Protein
Carbohydrate
Protein has a thermic effect of up to 20 - 30% of its calorie content due to the cost of deamination and synthesis of new compounds. Carbohydrates have a TEF of about 5 - 10%, and fats only 0 - 3%. TEF contributes to total daily energy expenditure.
How many non-essential amino acids can the human body synthesize?
6
20
11
9
Humans synthesize 11 non-essential amino acids internally from precursors in metabolic pathways. These include alanine, asparagine, and glutamate, among others. The remaining nine essential amino acids must come from the diet.
What is the name of the cycle that describes the competition between carbohydrate and fat oxidation?
Cori cycle
Pentose phosphate pathway
Randle cycle
Krebs cycle
The Randle cycle, also known as the glucose - fatty acid cycle, explains how elevated levels of fatty acids inhibit glucose oxidation and vice versa. This substrate competition influences metabolic flexibility and energy utilization. Understanding the Randle cycle is key in metabolic disease research.
During prolonged fasting, which metabolic process is primarily responsible for maintaining blood glucose levels?
Gluconeogenesis
Beta-oxidation
Glycolysis
Lipogenesis
Gluconeogenesis is the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids and glycerol, and it becomes the main source of blood glucose during prolonged fasting. It primarily occurs in the liver and kidneys. This process ensures a steady glucose supply for the brain and red blood cells.
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand macronutrient fundamentals -

    Identify the basic structures and primary functions of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats and how they support overall health. This outcome sets the stage for acing the macro quiz and improving meal planning.

  2. Differentiate between macro types -

    Distinguish the unique characteristics and energy contributions of each macronutrient in your diet. You'll sharpen your skills for the protein carbs fats quiz and make more informed food choices.

  3. Analyze macronutrient ratios -

    Interpret how varying proportions of proteins, carbs, and fats affect energy levels and body composition. This insight helps you tailor a balanced nutrition plan after completing the healthy eating quiz.

  4. Apply macro knowledge to meal planning -

    Use quiz feedback to create balanced meals that meet your specific macro targets. Applying these principles enhances real-world nutrition and supports fitness or weight-management goals.

  5. Assess personal strengths and gaps -

    Review your macro quiz results to pinpoint areas where your nutrition knowledge excels or needs improvement. This self-assessment drives focused learning and better long-term healthy eating habits.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Understanding Macronutrient Energy Values -

    In nutrition, proteins and carbs each provide 4 kcal/g, while fats yield 9 kcal/g - a handy 4-4-9 rule to power your macro quiz prep. Memorize it with the phrase "Four-Four-Nine, energy you'll find!" to quickly calculate calories from grams. Refer to USDA Dietary Guidelines for confirmation and further details.

  2. Calculating Your Protein Needs -

    The WHO recommends 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight to support muscle synthesis and cellular repair. For a 70 kg adult, that's 56 g of protein daily - calculate as body weight (kg) × 0.8 g. Keep this formula handy during any macronutrient quiz and meal planning.

  3. Carbohydrates: Quality and Quantity -

    Complex carbs like whole grains and legumes provide sustained energy and fiber, while simple sugars can spike blood glucose rapidly - think lentils vs. white bread on the glycemic index. Aim for at least 25 g of fiber daily, as suggested by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, to aid digestion and satiety. Mnemonic trick: "Fiber First" helps you choose high-fiber options in any protein-carbs-fats quiz scenario.

  4. Healthy Fat Types and Functions -

    Unsaturated fats - monounsaturated and polyunsaturated - support heart health, while saturated fats should be limited to under 10% of total calories, according to the American Heart Association. Remember "Omega-3 from the sea" to recall fish, flaxseed, and chia as prime sources of polyunsaturated fats. A quick PUFA mnemonic (Poly Unsat Fats Are-Okay) can help you ace the fats section of your macronutrient quiz.

  5. Designing Macro Ratios for Your Goals -

    Popular frameworks like 40/30/30 (40% carbs, 30% protein, 30% fats) offer a balanced starting point for weight management and performance, endorsed by the International Society of Sports Nutrition. To translate percentages into grams for a 2,000 kcal diet, multiply calories by 0.4/0.3/0.3 then divide by the respective macro energy (4/4/9). Practice these calculations in every healthy eating quiz to refine your meal planning skills.

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