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Quizzes > Science

Qualitative Research Quiz: Test Your Methods and Analysis

Quick, free qualitative methods test with instant results.

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Sara DunhamUpdated Aug 23, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art quiz illustration on coral background featuring qualitative research data collection question mark icons

This qualitative research quiz helps you check your grasp of interviews, observations, sampling, and coding. Practice MCQs on study design, data collection, and analysis, then see your score right away. For more practice, try our qualitative research methods quiz or broaden your base with the research methods quiz.

What characterizes qualitative research?
It tests hypotheses using controlled experiments.
It emphasizes generalizability through sampling.
It focuses on numbers and statistical analysis.
It explores meanings and experiences through non-numerical data.
Qualitative research prioritizes understanding phenomena through rich, descriptive data rather than numerical measures. It seeks to explore participants' perspectives, experiences, and social contexts in depth. This approach contrasts with quantitative methods that focus on hypothesis testing and statistical inference. .
Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?
Open-ended interview transcripts
Frequency counts
Surveys with Likert scales
Ranking data
Qualitative data consist of non-numerical information such as text, images, or audio recordings that capture meanings and experiences. Open-ended interview transcripts are a primary source of qualitative data. In contrast, Likert scales, frequency counts, and rankings generate numerical or categorical data better suited for quantitative analysis. .
What type of interview is characterized by a set of pre-determined questions and little flexibility?
Semi-structured interview
Structured interview
Focus group discussion
Unstructured interview
Structured interviews follow a fixed set of questions asked in the same order, allowing for consistency but little depth. Semi-structured and unstructured interviews provide more flexibility to explore topics in depth. Focus groups involve group dynamics rather than individual structured questioning. .
Which sampling strategy involves selecting participants who are easily accessible?
Purposive sampling
Convenience sampling
Theoretical sampling
Snowball sampling
Convenience sampling selects participants based on ease of access, which can introduce bias but is often used for preliminary studies. Snowball sampling recruits through participant referrals, while purposive sampling selects individuals based on specific characteristics. Theoretical sampling is driven by emerging theory in grounded theory research. .
Which qualitative approach is best suited for studying lived experiences?
Grounded theory
Phenomenology
Case study
Ethnography
Phenomenology focuses on understanding the essence of individuals' lived experiences. Ethnography explores cultural contexts, grounded theory develops theory from data, and case studies provide in-depth analysis of particular instances. Phenomenology uses interviews to capture participants' personal perspectives. .
What is a common purpose of using focus group discussions in qualitative research?
To conduct high-control experiments
To test causal relationships
To explore perceptions and opinions through group interaction
To generate statistical generalizations
Focus groups leverage group dynamics to explore participants' views, allowing researchers to observe how opinions form and evolve. They are not designed for statistical generalization or causal testing. Instead, they yield rich qualitative insights into perceptions and ideas. .
In qualitative research, what is 'coding'?
Converting numerical data into categories
Developing hypotheses for quantitative analysis
Assigning labels to segments of text to identify themes
Calculating frequency distributions
Coding in qualitative research involves labeling sections of data (e.g., interview transcripts) to identify concepts and themes. It is not about numerical transformations or statistical calculations. Through coding, researchers organize and interpret textual information. .
Which method is most appropriate for exploring cultural practices within a community?
Phenomenology
Ethnography
Content analysis
Narrative analysis
Ethnography involves immersive fieldwork to understand cultural practices, norms, and social interactions. Content analysis examines documents or media without in-depth cultural immersion. Phenomenology and narrative analysis focus on experiences and stories rather than cultural contexts. .
What does 'theoretical saturation' mean in qualitative research?
Continual coding until statistical thresholds are met
Sampling until reaching a predetermined number
Interviewing participants only once
Data collection continues until no new themes emerge
Theoretical saturation occurs when additional data collection yields no new information or insights on the research concepts. It guides decisions in grounded theory and other qualitative methods to stop data gathering. It is not tied to a fixed number of interviews or statistical criteria. .
Which best describes purposive sampling?
Selecting participants based on specific characteristics and relevance to the study
Interviewing all members of a population
Choosing participants for convenience
Randomly selecting participants
Purposive sampling deliberately selects participants who have particular experiences or characteristics relevant to the research question. It differs from random or convenience sampling by focusing on information-rich cases. It is not aimed at statistical generalization but at depth of understanding. .
Which data analysis method involves systematically coding text to develop themes?
Time series analysis
Regression analysis
Thematic analysis
Factor analysis
Thematic analysis is a qualitative method for identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns (themes) within data. It involves coding data segments and refining codes into overarching themes. Factor, regression, and time series analyses are quantitative techniques. .
What is the first step in conducting a thematic analysis?
Reviewing literature
Writing the report
Familiarization with data
Statistical testing
Familiarization with data involves reading and re-reading transcripts or text to become deeply acquainted with the content. This foundational step precedes coding and theme development. Literature review and reporting occur at different stages of the research process. .
Which interview type uses an interview guide but allows probing and flexibility?
Unstructured interview
Semi-structured interview
Delphi interview
Structured interview
Semi-structured interviews follow a flexible guide of topics but permit the researcher to probe deeper based on participant responses. Structured interviews are rigid, while unstructured interviews lack any guide. Delphi interviews use expert panels through iterative rounds. .
What is member checking in qualitative research?
Verifying findings with participants to ensure accuracy
Triangulating data sources
Coding data multiple times for reliability
Randomizing participants
Member checking involves sharing results or transcripts with participants to confirm accuracy and resonance with their experiences. It enhances credibility and trustworthiness. It is distinct from triangulation or random sampling. .
In grounded theory, what is 'theoretical sampling'?
Sampling based on emerging theory to explore categories further
Sampling the theoretical population only
Convenience sampling for ease of access
Random sampling to ensure representativeness
Theoretical sampling is driven by the emerging categories and theory, guiding the researcher to seek participants who can refine and elaborate on those insights. It is not random or convenience-based sampling. It is iterative and continues until saturation. .
What is triangulation in qualitative research?
Using multiple methods or data sources to enhance credibility
Sampling participants in three stages
Performing three rounds of coding
Using three interviewers for validation
Triangulation involves combining data sources, methods, theories, or analysts to cross-check and validate findings. It enhances the trustworthiness and credibility of qualitative research. It does not refer to literal use of three elements exclusively. .
What does reflexivity involve for qualitative researchers?
Reflecting on one's biases and how they influence the research process
Automatically validating data with statistical software
Ensuring participant anonymity
Triangulating data sources
Reflexivity requires researchers to examine their own beliefs, values, and background to understand how these factors shape data collection and interpretation. It is a critical self-awareness practice, not a statistical or procedural step. Participant anonymity and triangulation are separate quality strategies. .
Which strategy enhances credibility in qualitative studies?
Randomized sampling
Double-blind procedures
Statistical validation
Thick description
Thick description involves providing detailed contextual information so readers can understand the setting and determine transferability. It strengthens the study's credibility by illustrating how interpretations were reached. Randomization and double-blind methods apply to quantitative designs. .
What does 'axial coding' refer to in qualitative analysis?
Identifying relationships among open codes to form categories
Writing theory memos
Conducting interviews
Counting the frequency of codes
Axial coding is the process of relating codes (categories and subcategories) to each other, refining and connecting them systematically. It comes after open coding in grounded theory. Frequency counts are quantitative, and memo writing is a separate analytic tool. .
How can inter-coder reliability be assessed in qualitative research?
Using t-tests to compare code means
Conducting only one round of coding
Calculating percentage agreement between coders
Randomly assigning codes
Inter-coder reliability measures the extent to which different coders assign the same codes to the same data segments, often quantified as percentage agreement or kappa statistics. It ensures consistency and dependability of coding. T-tests and random code assignment are inappropriate for assessing coding alignment. .
What is bracketing in phenomenological research?
Setting aside one's preconceptions to approach data with fresh perspective
Selecting participants based on theory
Grouping codes into categories
Collecting data until saturation
Bracketing, or epoché, involves researchers suspending their own assumptions and prior knowledge to view participants' experiences objectively. It is central to phenomenological methodology. Grouping codes, saturation, and sampling are separate analytic or procedural steps. .
What does the constant comparative method involve?
Comparing quantitative variables for correlation
Conducting focus groups at different times
Comparing each data item with others to identify similarities and differences
Using comparison groups in experiments
The constant comparative method, central to grounded theory, requires continuously comparing new data with existing codes and categories to refine concepts. It helps develop robust theoretical insights through iterative analysis. It is distinct from quantitative correlation or experimental comparisons. .
What is an emic perspective in qualitative research?
Quantifying cultural traits
Observing from a researcher's outsider stance
Triangulating data sources
Understanding behavior from an insider's viewpoint
An emic perspective captures participants' insider viewpoints and culturally specific meanings. It contrasts with an etic perspective, which interprets data through external or researcher-driven frameworks. Emic understanding is fundamental to many qualitative traditions. .
In narrative analysis, what does the concept of 'plotline' refer to?
The coding scheme for textual data
The sampling timeline for data collection
The chronological structure of events and how they are organized within a story
The theoretical framework guiding sampling
In narrative analysis, 'plotline' describes the sequence and organization of events as they unfold in a story. It helps researchers examine how participants construct meaning through storytelling. It is not related to coding schemes or sampling procedures. .
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand Qualitative Research Essentials -

    Gain a clear understanding of sample questions for qualitative research by exploring foundational methods, key concepts, and terminology.

  2. Differentiate Qualitative Data Techniques -

    Identify and distinguish between interviews, focus groups, observations, and other qualitative research MCQs to recognize appropriate data collection approaches.

  3. Apply Critical Thinking -

    Tackle challenging qualitative research quiz questions by analyzing options and justifying your selections with sound reasoning.

  4. Interpret Real-World Case Scenarios -

    Analyze thought-provoking contexts in sample qualitative research questions to connect theoretical concepts with practical applications.

  5. Evaluate MCQ Statements -

    Assess statements such as "qualitative research includes all of the following except" to sharpen your evaluative skills and ensure answer accuracy.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Sampling Strategies in Qualitative Research -

    Purposive, snowball, and theoretical sampling are the most common approaches for selecting participants in qualitative studies. When tackling sample qualitative research questions, you'll often encounter prompts on purposive sampling versus snowball sampling. Use the SPIDER mnemonic (Sample, Phenomenon of Interest, Design, Evaluation, Research type) to match each technique with your research goals.

  2. Data Collection Techniques -

    In qualitative research MCQs, you'll frequently be asked to distinguish between in-depth interviews, focus groups, and participant observation. For example, semi-structured interviews blend predefined questions with open-ended follow-ups to uncover rich narratives. Remember that focus groups leverage group dynamics, while observations capture real-time behavior in context.

  3. Thematic Analysis and Coding -

    A popular qualitative research quiz topic is Braun & Clarke's six-phase model: familiarization, coding, theme development, theme review, definition, and write-up. Use the mnemonic "Familiarize, Code, Theme, Review, Define, Write" to recall each step. Practicing on a small transcript excerpt helps you internalize how codes evolve into meaningful themes.

  4. Ensuring Trustworthiness (Lincoln & Guba) -

    Unlike quantitative validity measures, qualitative research includes all of the following except statistical reliability - trustworthiness relies on credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Employ member checks, rich thick description, audit trails, and reflexive memos to bolster each criterion. Visualize CTDC (Credibility, Transferability, Dependability, Confirmability) to remember these four pillars.

  5. Ethical Considerations and Reflexivity -

    Sample questions for qualitative research often test your grasp of informed consent, confidentiality, and the researcher's reflexive stance. Institutional Review Board (IRB) guidelines require clear consent protocols and ongoing ethical reflection. Maintain a reflexive journal to track your biases, decisions, and interactions throughout the study.

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