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Astrophysics Quiz: Test Your Cosmic Knowledge

Quick, free astrophysics test. Instant results.

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Montrell Bradham JrUpdated Aug 28, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art style sun stars galaxies planets on dark blue background inviting astrophysics quiz challenge

This astrophysics quiz helps you check your understanding of stars, galaxies, black holes, and core ideas before a class or exam, and see where you stand. For more practice, try our cosmology quiz, review astronomy questions and answers, or switch gears with a physics quiz.

What is a light-year?
A unit of time equal to one year
The distance light travels in one year in vacuum
The energy output of a supernova
The brightness of a star compared to the Sun
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What primary nuclear reaction powers the Sun today?
Helium fusing into carbon via the triple-alpha process
Spontaneous fission of heavy elements
Hydrogen fusing into helium via proton-proton chain
Carbon burning into oxygen and neon
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In cosmology, a positive redshift in a galaxy's spectrum usually indicates what?
The galaxy is gravitationally lensed
The galaxy is moving away from the observer
The galaxy is moving toward the observer
The galaxy is rotating
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The transit method for detecting exoplanets primarily measures what?
Gravitational microlensing by the planet
Drop in a star's brightness as a planet passes in front
Doppler shift of stellar spectral lines
Thermal emission from the planet's atmosphere
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What is the solar wind primarily composed of?
Charged particles, mainly protons and electrons
Dust grains and ice
Neutral hydrogen gas
Gamma-ray photons
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What causes auroras on Earth?
Fluorescence from volcanic gases
Burning meteors in the mesosphere
Charged particles from the Sun interacting with Earth's magnetic field and atmosphere
Refraction of sunlight in the upper atmosphere
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Kepler's third law for planets orbiting the Sun states that:
Orbital period is proportional to orbital speed
Semimajor axis is proportional to orbital inclination
Eccentricity is constant for all planets
Orbital period squared is proportional to semimajor axis cubed
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On a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, which axes are typically plotted?
Luminosity vs surface temperature (or spectral class)
Distance vs apparent magnitude
Age vs metallicity
Mass vs radius
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What is the approximate blackbody temperature of the cosmic microwave background?
270 K
0.27 K
2.7 K
27 K
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Which observation is strong evidence for dark matter in galaxies?
Rapid changes in galaxy color
Increase in star formation near galactic centers
Flat rotation curves at large radii
Sudden disappearance of spiral arms
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What is a typical radius of a neutron star?
About 1 million km
About 1,000 km
About 100,000 km
About 10 km
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The Schwarzschild radius of a non-rotating black hole scales with which property?
Mass
Charge
Surface temperature
Angular momentum
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What powers the enormous luminosity of quasars?
Accretion of matter onto a supermassive black hole
Reflection of starlight by dust
Dark matter annihilation in galactic halos
Nuclear fusion in supermassive stars
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Which sequence correctly orders main spectral classes from hottest to coolest?
G K M F A B O
M K G F A B O
O B A F G K M
A F B O G K M
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What is the widely accepted progenitor scenario for a Type Ia supernova?
Direct collision of two main-sequence stars
Core collapse of a massive star with hydrogen lines
Helium detonation in a brown dwarf
Merger or mass accretion onto a carbon-oxygen white dwarf reaching instability
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What does one parsec represent?
The average distance from Earth to the Sun
The diameter of the Milky Way
The distance to a star with a parallax of 1 arcsecond
The time light takes to cross the Solar System
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What is the value known as the Chandrasekhar limit approximately equal to?
0.08 times the mass of the Sun
3.0 times the mass of the Sun
10 times the mass of the Sun
1.4 times the mass of the Sun
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Elements heavier than iron are primarily formed by which process in astrophysical sites?
Alpha decay in planetary atmospheres
CNO cycle
Rapid neutron capture (r-process) in supernovae or neutron star mergers
Proton-proton chain
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The Tully-Fisher relation links which two properties of spiral galaxies?
Color and metallicity
Star formation rate and bulge mass
Diameter and mass-to-light ratio
Luminosity and rotation velocity
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In active galactic nuclei, where do broad emission lines originate?
In the intergalactic medium
In the narrow-line region far from the nucleus
In a fast-moving broad-line region near the supermassive black hole
In the host galaxy's diffuse halo
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand Fundamental Astrophysics Principles -

    Grasp the basics of stellar evolution, galactic dynamics and cosmic phenomena to build a solid foundation for the astrophysics quiz. This understanding will guide you through a variety of astro questions with confidence.

  2. Solve Key Astrophysics Problems -

    Apply core mathematical and physical concepts to tackle typical astrophysics problems featured in the quiz. Strengthen your problem-solving toolkit by working through real-world scenarios.

  3. Identify Cosmic Phenomena and Structures -

    Recognize and differentiate between stars, galaxies, nebulae and black holes when answering astrophysics questions. Enhance your ability to classify cosmic structures based on observational and theoretical criteria.

  4. Analyze Astrophysics Trivia -

    Explore fun astrophysics trivia and hidden gems about the universe to deepen your understanding and enjoyment of astronomy. Use these insights to enrich your knowledge beyond textbook concepts.

  5. Apply Mathematical Models in Astrophysics -

    Integrate formulas and computational methods to solve quantitative tasks within the astrophysics quiz. Develop a systematic approach to derive meaningful results from complex equations.

  6. Evaluate Your Performance with Astro Questions and Answers -

    Review and reflect on your answers to astro questions to identify strengths and areas for improvement. Leverage detailed explanations to reinforce learning and prepare for advanced astrophysics topics.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Hertzsprung - Russell Diagram & Stellar Evolution -

    The Hertzsprung - Russell diagram plots stellar luminosity against surface temperature, classifying stars into main sequence, giants, and white dwarfs. Use the mnemonic "Oh Be A Fine Girl, Kiss Me" to recall spectral types (O,B,A,F,G,K,M) for quick recall on astrophysics trivia. Reviewing this diagram helps you master key astrophysics questions about stellar life cycles.

  2. Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motion -

    Kepler's first law describes elliptical orbits, and the third law states P²∝a³, where P is orbital period and a is semi-major axis (e.g., Earth: P=1 yr, a=1 AU). These formulas are vital for solving astrophysics problems related to exoplanet orbits in any astrophysics quiz. Understanding these laws from sources like NASA ensures accuracy when tackling orbital mechanics questions.

  3. Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation -

    Newton's formula F=G·m₝·m₂/r² governs the gravitational force between two masses, while surface gravity g=GM/R² determines stellar and planetary weight. For example, Earth's g≈9.81 m/s² is derived from M⊕ and R⊕ values provided by university physics departments. Mastering this helps you confidently answer astro questions and answers on force and acceleration.

  4. Blackbody Radiation & Wien's Displacement Law -

    Stars act like blackbodies, emitting peak wavelength λₘ₝ₓ= b/T (with b≈2.9×10❻³ m·K), so the Sun's T≈5800 K peaks near 500 nm in visible light. Combine this with the Stefan - Boltzmann law L=4πR²σT❴ to relate a star's radius, temperature, and luminosity. This core concept frequently appears in astrophysics quiz sections on electromagnetic spectra.

  5. Cosmic Distance Ladder: Parallax & Redshift -

    Nearby star distances use parallax d(pc)=1/p(arcsec), so a star with p=0.1″ is at 10 pc; farther galaxies rely on redshift z=(λ_obs - λ_emit)/λ_emit and Hubble's law v=H₀d. Referencing data from the Hubble Space Telescope ensures precise calibration. These techniques form the backbone of many astrophysics questions about measuring cosmic scales.

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