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Quizzes > Health & Medicine

Health Care System Quiz: Principles, Ethics, and Elder Care

Quick, free healthcare principles quiz with instant results.

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Maria RobertUpdated Aug 25, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art illustration of caregiver and elderly patient holding hands around healthcare icons on teal background for quiz

This health care system quiz helps you check core principles, basic ethics, and how services support older adults. After you finish, explore deeper topics with our healthcare quality quiz, try a quick patient safety quiz, or build bedside know-how with a patient care quiz too.

Which of the following is one of the four main principles of biomedical ethics?
Efficiency
Autonomy
Cost-effectiveness
Confidentiality
The four main principles of biomedical ethics are autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. Autonomy refers to respecting a patient's right to make their own decisions. Confidentiality and cost-effectiveness are important considerations but are not among the four core ethical principles. .
What level of care is typically the first point of contact for patients in the healthcare system?
Tertiary care
Secondary care
Quaternary care
Primary care
Primary care serves as the entry point into the healthcare system, offering first-contact access, continuous and comprehensive care. Secondary and tertiary care involve referrals for specialized services, while quaternary is even more specialized. Effective primary care improves health outcomes and reduces costs. .
Which government program primarily provides healthcare coverage for people aged 65 and older in the United States?
Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP)
Medicare
Tricare
Medicaid
Medicare is the federal health insurance program for individuals aged 65 and older as well as some younger people with disabilities. Medicaid supports low-income individuals of all ages and CHIP covers children. Tricare serves military personnel and their families. .
Which term describes care that focuses on relieving symptoms for patients with serious illnesses?
Curative care
Rehabilitative care
Preventive care
Palliative care
Palliative care aims to relieve suffering and improve quality of life for patients with serious, chronic, or life-threatening illnesses. It is not intended to cure the disease but to manage symptoms. Curative care seeks to eliminate disease, preventive care aims to avert illness, and rehabilitative care restores function. .
What is the main purpose of informed consent in healthcare?
To test patient comprehension for research studies
To satisfy paperwork requirements
To explain treatment options and risks to patients and obtain their agreement
To collect patient payment before treatment
Informed consent ensures that patients understand the nature, benefits, risks, and alternatives of a proposed treatment, and voluntarily agree to it. It is an ethical and legal requirement to respect patient autonomy. Collecting payment or completing paperwork are administrative tasks but not the purpose of informed consent. .
Which healthcare setting is most associated with long-term residential support for elderly patients?
Outpatient clinic
Intensive care unit
Nursing home
Rehabilitation center
Nursing homes provide 24-hour care for residents who need assistance with daily activities and medical monitoring. ICUs are for acute, critical care; rehabilitation centers focus on short-term therapy; outpatient clinics handle non-residential visits. .
What does the concept of justice refer to in healthcare ethics?
Doing no harm to patients
Fairness in the distribution of healthcare resources
Ensuring patient confidentiality
Promoting the patient's own good
Justice in healthcare ethics concerns the equitable allocation of resources and fair treatment of all patients. Confidentiality relates to privacy, nonmaleficence deals with harm avoidance, and beneficence focuses on the patient's welfare. .
Which term refers to the avoidance of causing harm to patients?
Nonmaleficence
Justice
Beneficence
Autonomy
Nonmaleficence is the ethical obligation to avoid causing harm or injury to patients. Autonomy is about patient decision-making, beneficence is acting in the patient's best interest, and justice concerns fairness. .
Which model of healthcare financing involves pooling funds to share financial risk across a population?
Fee-for-service
Donor funding
Out-of-pocket payment
Social health insurance
Social health insurance collects contributions from employers and employees into a pooled fund to spread risk among participants. Fee-for-service pays per service rendered, out-of-pocket requires direct patient payment, and donor funding relies on external grants. .
Which assessment tool is commonly used to evaluate functional status in elderly patients?
Glasgow Coma Scale
APGAR score
Braden Scale
Barthel Index
The Barthel Index measures a patient's ability to perform activities of daily living like feeding, bathing, and mobility. The Braden Scale assesses pressure ulcer risk, APGAR is for newborns, and the Glasgow Coma Scale evaluates consciousness. .
Which legal document allows a patient to outline their medical treatment preferences in advance?
Durable power of attorney
HIPAA waiver
DNR order
Advance directive
An advance directive is a legal document that specifies a patient's wishes for medical care if they become unable to communicate. Durable power of attorney appoints a surrogate but does not outline specific care instructions. DNR orders and HIPAA waivers serve different purposes. .
In the Donabedian model, which domain assesses the processes by which healthcare is provided?
Process
Outcome
Input
Structure
The Donabedian framework evaluates quality through structure, process, and outcome. The process domain examines how care is delivered, such as adherence to protocols and patient-provider interactions. Structure refers to infrastructure, and outcomes are the end results of care. .
What is the primary goal of the discharge planning process for elderly patients?
Ensure a safe transition to an appropriate care setting
Schedule follow-up appointments only
Evaluate laboratory and imaging studies
Minimize the length of hospital stay
Discharge planning aims to coordinate post-hospital care and ensure the patient moves safely to the next setting, reducing readmissions. While follow-up scheduling is part of it, the overall goal is a smooth, safe transition. Length of stay and test reviews are secondary considerations. .
Which government program in the U.S. supports low-income elderly patients with healthcare costs?
Medicaid
Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP)
Social Security
Medicare
Medicaid provides health coverage to low-income individuals, including many elderly who meet income thresholds. Medicare covers older adults broadly, while CHIP serves children and Social Security provides income supports but not health insurance. .
What is the main focus of primary prevention in public health?
Preventing the onset of disease
Offering palliative care
Treating existing conditions
Providing rehabilitation services
Primary prevention aims to stop diseases from occurring by reducing risk factors, such as through vaccination or healthy lifestyle promotion. Treatment of existing disease is secondary or tertiary prevention. Rehab and palliative care address consequences of disease. .
Which of the following best describes 'ageism' in healthcare?
Providing specialized care for older adults
Discrimination based on a patient's age
Implementing advanced care planning
Prioritizing elderly patients for services
Ageism is prejudice or discrimination against individuals because of their age, which can lead to under-treatment or stereotyping in healthcare. Prioritizing or specializing care is not inherently discriminatory. .
Which regulatory body accredits hospitals in the United States to ensure quality and patient safety?
American Medical Association (AMA)
The Joint Commission
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
The Joint Commission is a non-profit organization that accredits and certifies U.S. healthcare organizations, assessing performance on quality and safety standards. The FDA regulates drugs and devices, CMS administers federal healthcare programs, and the AMA is a professional association. .
What is the primary ethical concern when allocating scarce resources in elderly care during a pandemic?
Nonmaleficence
Justice
Fidelity
Autonomy
Justice requires fair distribution of limited healthcare resources, particularly during crises. Autonomy concerns patient choice, fidelity is keeping promises, and nonmaleficence is avoiding harm; while all are important, justice is paramount when resources are scarce. .
Which payment model incentivizes healthcare providers based on quality and outcomes of care rather than service volume?
Value-based care
Fee-for-service
Bundled payment
Capitation
Value-based care links provider payment to quality metrics and patient outcomes. Fee-for-service reimburses per service, capitation pays a set amount per patient, and bundled payments cover a single episode but may not fully align incentives with ongoing quality. .
Which program focuses on comprehensive home and community-based services for elderly individuals to help them avoid institutionalization?
Long-term care insurance
Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE)
Hospice care
Skilled Nursing Facility (SNF)
PACE provides integrated medical and social services in community settings to allow eligible seniors to remain at home. SNFs are institutional, hospice provides end-of-life care, and insurance is a funding mechanism, not a service program. .
In health economics, what does QALY stand for?
Quantified Annual Life Yield
Quantified Adjusted Life Yield
Quality-Adjusted Life Year
Quality and Longevity Year
A QALY combines life expectancy with quality of life into a single measure, weighting each year of life by a utility value between 0 and 1. It's used to assess cost-effectiveness of medical interventions. .
Which strategy is most effective for improving medication adherence in elderly patients?
Simplifying the dosing schedule
Scheduling more frequent follow-up visits
Increasing the number of prescribed medications
Switching to injectable treatments
Simplifying dosing, such as once-daily regimens or combination pills, reduces complexity and errors, improving adherence. Adding medications or injections can increase burden, and while follow-ups help, they're less directly impactful than regimen simplicity. .
What does 'continuity of care' primarily aim to achieve in post-acute care for the elderly?
Faster discharge from the hospital
More frequent diagnostic testing
Increased number of therapy sessions
Consistent and coordinated healthcare services over time
Continuity of care ensures that patient information, treatment plans, and provider communications are maintained across settings and over time. It's not about speed of discharge, therapy volume, or testing frequency. .
Which framework integrates clinical, financial, and operational data to evaluate healthcare system performance for elderly populations?
Porter's Five Forces
PESTEL analysis
SWOT analysis
Balanced Scorecard
The Balanced Scorecard uses multiple perspectives - financial, customer, internal processes, and learning - to provide a comprehensive performance view. In healthcare, it can be tailored to monitor clinical outcomes and resource use for elderly care. SWOT, PESTEL, and Porter's Five Forces serve different strategic analyses. .
Under the principle of distributive justice, which allocation method gives priority to those worst off in society?
Maximin
Equal share
Prioritarianism
Utilitarianism
Prioritarianism prioritizes improving the well-being of the worst off, giving them greater weight. Utilitarianism maximizes total benefit, equal share treats everyone the same, and maximin focuses strictly on the least advantaged without weighted prioritization. .
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand Healthcare System Foundations -

    Explore the core components and objectives that shape modern healthcare systems, ensuring you grasp the essential principles presented in this healthcare system principles quiz.

  2. Analyze Medical Ethics Scenarios -

    Examine key ethical frameworks and dilemmas through targeted medical ethics trivia questions, enabling you to evaluate decision-making in patient care.

  3. Apply Principles of Patient Care for Elderly Patients -

    Learn how to tailor assistance and care mainly for elderly patients by applying best practices and standards highlighted in the principles of patient care quiz.

  4. Evaluate Healthcare Policy Impacts -

    Assess how various policy measures influence access, funding, and quality of care, reinforcing your healthcare policy knowledge test skills.

  5. Identify Support Services for Vulnerable Groups -

    Recognize the spectrum of social and medical programs that provide assistance and care mainly for elderly patients and other at-risk populations.

  6. Recall Key Healthcare System Trivia Facts -

    Solidify your understanding of healthcare system trivia questions by memorizing vital statistics, regulatory milestones, and best-practice guidelines.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Beauchamp & Childress's Four Principles of Medical Ethics -

    Beauchamp & Childress define the four pillars of medical ethics: autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice, guiding patient-centered decision-making. Use the mnemonic "ABNJ" to recall each principle quickly. A solid grasp of these principles is key for acing medical ethics trivia in any healthcare system principles quiz.

  2. Donabedian's Structure-Process-Outcome Model -

    Donabedian's classic framework breaks quality into three domains: structure, process, and outcome, enabling systematic evaluation of care (Donabedian, 1966). Use the abbreviation "SPO" to recall how infrastructure, clinical activities, and patient results interrelate. This model frequently shows up in healthcare system trivia questions on quality measurement.

  3. Institute for Healthcare Improvement's Triple Aim -

    IHI's Triple Aim framework emphasizes improving population health, enhancing patient experience, and reducing per capita cost. Think "Health+Happy+Economy" to link each aim with better outcomes. This triad often appears in policy-focused questions on how health systems optimize care quality and efficiency.

  4. WHO's Six Health System Building Blocks -

    According to the World Health Organization, a robust system includes service delivery, health workforce, health information, access to medicines, financing, and leadership/governance. Memorize "She Helps Increase Access For Lives" to recall each building block easily. These elements are the backbone of any healthcare system principles quiz and for evaluating system performance globally.

  5. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) -

    Geriatric care uses CGA to evaluate Medical, Psychological, Functional, Social, and Environmental domains for elderly patients (AGS guidelines). Use the mnemonic "MPFSE" to remember key assessment areas. Mastery of CGA highlights how the system provides assistance and care mainly for elderly patients in both clinical practice and policy design.

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