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Quizzes > Health & Medicine > Human Anatomy & Medicine

Ultimate Heart Anatomy Quiz: How Well Do You Know Your Heart?

Challenge yourself with fun heart trivia and cardiovascular questions!

Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art layered human heart illustration with gears and quiz symbols on coral background

This heart quiz helps you review heart anatomy and function, from blood flow to valves and chambers. Use it to spot gaps before a test, and if you want more on parts, try the structure quiz when you're done.

Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
Left ventricle
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Right atrium
The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the pulmonary veins after it returns from the lungs. It then passes this blood through the mitral valve into the left ventricle for systemic distribution. The right atrium, by contrast, receives deoxygenated blood from the body.
What is the name of the valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle?
Tricuspid valve
Aortic valve
Pulmonary valve
Mitral (bicuspid) valve
The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve, separates the left atrium from the left ventricle and ensures one-way blood flow during ventricular contraction. It has two leaflets, unlike the tricuspid valve which has three. Proper function prevents backflow of blood into the atrium.
Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood into the right atrium?
Superior vena cava
Pulmonary vein
Pulmonary artery
Aorta
The superior vena cava drains deoxygenated blood from the upper body into the right atrium. The inferior vena cava performs the same function for the lower body. Pulmonary arteries carry blood away from the heart to the lungs.
What is the normal resting heart rate range in adults?
100 - 140 beats per minute
80 - 120 beats per minute
40 - 60 beats per minute
60 - 100 beats per minute
A typical adult resting heart rate ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute. Rates below 60 may occur in well-trained athletes, whereas persistent rates above 100 may indicate tachycardia. Heart rate can be influenced by factors like fitness, temperature, and stress.
Which structure separates the left and right sides of the heart?
Pericardium
Endocardium
Interventricular septum
Myocardium
The interventricular septum is the muscular wall that divides the left and right ventricles of the heart. This separation prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. The myocardium is the muscle tissue itself, while the pericardium is the outer sac.
Which layer of the heart wall is responsible for its contractile function?
Pericardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
Epicardium
The myocardium is the thick, muscular middle layer of the heart wall responsible for contracting and pumping blood. The endocardium lines the chambers and valves, while the epicardium (visceral pericardium) is the outer layer. The pericardium is a fibrous sac surrounding the heart.
During ventricular systole, which valves are open to allow ejection of blood?
Mitral and tricuspid valves
Only tricuspid valve
Aortic and pulmonary valves
Only mitral valve
In ventricular systole, the aortic and pulmonary semilunar valves open to allow blood to leave the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary artery, respectively. The mitral and tricuspid valves remain closed to prevent backflow into the atria.
Which node acts as the primary pacemaker of the heart?
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Bundle of His
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Purkinje fibers
The sinoatrial (SA) node, located in the right atrium, spontaneously generates electrical impulses that set the heart rate. These impulses travel through atrial tissue to the AV node and onward through the conduction system. The AV node and Purkinje fibers serve as secondary pacemakers if the SA node fails.
What is considered a normal systolic/diastolic blood pressure reading in adults (mm Hg)?
120/80 mm Hg
160/100 mm Hg
100/60 mm Hg
140/90 mm Hg
A blood pressure of around 120/80 mm Hg is considered normal for most adults. Values consistently above this range can indicate hypertension, while lower readings may suggest hypotension. Blood pressure is influenced by cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance.
Which coronary artery predominantly supplies the lateral wall of the left ventricle?
Right coronary artery
Left circumflex artery
Left anterior descending artery
Posterior descending artery
The left circumflex artery travels in the atrioventricular groove and supplies the lateral and posterior walls of the left ventricle. The left anterior descending artery supplies the anterior interventricular septum and anterior wall. Coronary dominance affects which vessels supply certain regions.
What does the PR interval on an electrocardiogram represent?
Duration of ventricular depolarization
Electrical conduction delay in the ventricles
Duration of ventricular repolarization
Time from onset of atrial depolarization to onset of ventricular depolarization
The PR interval spans from the start of the P wave (atrial depolarization) to the start of the QRS complex (ventricular depolarization). It reflects conduction time through the atria, AV node, and His-Purkinje system. Prolongation can indicate AV block.
The Frank-Starling law of the heart describes which relationship?
Cardiac output is inversely proportional to systemic vascular resistance
Heart rate decreases with increased vagal tone
Mean arterial pressure equals cardiac output times systemic vascular resistance
Stroke volume increases as end-diastolic volume increases
The Frank-Starling mechanism states that the heart's stroke volume increases in response to an increase in the volume of blood filling the heart (end-diastolic volume). This intrinsic regulation matches output to venous return. It relies on length-dependent activation of cardiac muscle.
Which phase of the pacemaker action potential corresponds to the spontaneous depolarization ("funny current")?
Phase 0
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase 4
Phase 4 in pacemaker cells is the gradual depolarization phase, driven by the funny current (If) and is responsible for automaticity. Phase 0 is the upstroke from calcium influx, Phase 3 is repolarization, and Phase 2 is the plateau in non-pacemaker cells.
How is ejection fraction (EF) calculated in cardiac function assessment?
End-systolic volume divided by end-diastolic volume
End-diastolic volume divided by stroke volume
Cardiac output divided by heart rate
Stroke volume divided by end-diastolic volume
Ejection fraction is defined as stroke volume (the volume ejected per beat) divided by end-diastolic volume, often expressed as a percentage. It measures ventricular systolic performance. Normal EF ranges from 55% to 70%.
Which electrolyte gradient primarily determines the resting membrane potential of ventricular myocytes?
Potassium (K+)
Sodium (Na+)
Calcium (Ca2+)
Chloride (Cl-)
Resting membrane potential in cardiac myocytes is mainly determined by the potassium concentration gradient across the cell membrane. High intracellular K+ and low extracellular K+ create an equilibrium near -90 mV. Sodium and calcium play larger roles during depolarization phases.
Which layer of an artery provides the primary source of elasticity and strength?
Endothelial layer
Tunica intima
Tunica externa (adventitia)
Tunica media
The tunica media, composed of smooth muscle and elastic fibers, allows arteries to withstand and dampen the high-pressure pulsations from the heart. The intima is the inner endothelial lining, while the adventitia provides connective tissue support. Elastic arteries have especially thick media.
Which ion channel is primarily responsible for generating the "funny current" (If) in pacemaker cells?
L-type calcium channel
Delayed rectifier potassium channel
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel
Voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV)
The funny current in pacemaker cells is carried through HCN channels, which open upon hyperpolarization and allow a mixed sodium and potassium inward current. This current drives the spontaneous phase 4 depolarization. Other channels contribute to depolarization and repolarization but not the If specifically.
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Study Outcomes

  1. Identify Cardiac Structures -

    Learners will be able to recognize and name the major components of the heart, including chambers, valves, and vessels, through targeted heart anatomy quiz questions.

  2. Describe Chamber Functions -

    Participants will understand the roles of the atria and ventricles in blood flow and how each chamber contributes to overall heart function.

  3. Trace Blood Circulation Pathways -

    Users will be able to map the journey of blood through the heart and into the cardiovascular system, reinforcing their knowledge in a cardiovascular system quiz format.

  4. Recall Heart Trivia -

    Quiz-takers will improve their retention of key heart facts and intriguing cardiovascular system trivia to boost confidence in heart trivia questions.

  5. Evaluate Heart Function Knowledge -

    Participants will assess and reinforce their understanding of heart physiology by completing multiple-choice challenges in the heart function test.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Cardiac Blood Flow Pathway -

    Review the sequential route of blood: right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary arteries → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta, as outlined by the American Heart Association. Use the mnemonic "Try Pulling My Leg At Vacation" to lock in this order for heart trivia questions and cardiovascular system quiz prep. Understanding this flow is crucial for any heart anatomy quiz or heart function test.

  2. Chamber Pressure and Function -

    Distinguish atria from ventricles by pressure and wall thickness: atria generate low pressure to fill ventricles, while ventricles produce high pressure to eject blood, according to Gray's Anatomy. Remember that left ventricular pressure exceeds right ventricular pressure due to systemic circulation resistance, a common heart quiz topic. Relating structure to function helps you ace both heart anatomy quiz and cardiovascular system quiz items.

  3. Phases of the Cardiac Cycle -

    Master systole (contraction) and diastole (relaxation) phases and link them to heart sounds S1 and S2; S1 marks AV valve closure, S2 marks semilunar valve closure, per the American Physiological Society. Visualize pressure - volume loops or use the simple phrase "Lub-Dub = Systole-Diastole" for heart trivia questions. This understanding underpins many heart function test questions on ejection fraction and stroke volume.

  4. Electrical Conduction System -

    Learn the impulse pathway: SA node → AV node → bundle of His → Purkinje fibers, as described in the Circulation Journal. Use "Some Adventurers Buy Pie" to recall each component for your next heart anatomy quiz or cardiovascular system quiz. Recognizing conduction order is vital for understanding arrhythmias on an ECG in a heart quiz scenario.

  5. Cardiac Output Formula -

    Memorize the core formula CO = HR × SV (cardiac output equals heart rate times stroke volume), with a normal range of 4 - 8 L/min per NIH guidelines. Practice calculations by adjusting HR or SV to see how stress, exercise, or pathology impacts output in heart function test questions. This formula is frequently tested in both heart trivia questions and professional cardiovascular system quiz settings.

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