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Take the White Blood Cell Identification Quiz Now!

Think you can ace this WBC identification quiz? Prove your leukocyte identification skills now!

Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art illustration for leukocyte identification quiz on golden yellow background

This white blood cell identification quiz helps you spot WBCs on microscope images and tell neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils apart. Use it to build speed and accuracy before lab practicals or exams; for a shorter warm-up, try the quick version .

Which white blood cell has a multi-lobed nucleus (3 - 5 lobes) and neutral-staining granules?
Basophil
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Lymphocyte
Neutrophils are characterized by a nucleus segmented into three to five lobes and granules that stain neither strongly acidic nor basic. They are the most abundant leukocytes and are critical for phagocytosis of bacteria.
Which white blood cell is characterized by a bilobed nucleus and bright red-orange granules?
Neutrophil
Monocyte
Basophil
Eosinophil
Eosinophils have a two-lobed nucleus and large granules that pick up eosin dye, staining them red-orange. They play a key role in defending against parasitic infections and mediating allergic responses.
Which white blood cell becomes a macrophage when it migrates into tissue?
Neutrophil
Lymphocyte
Monocyte
Basophil
Monocytes circulate in the blood and, upon entering tissues, differentiate into macrophages that are key phagocytes for removing pathogens and debris.
Which agranulocyte has a large round nucleus and a thin rim of cytoplasm?
Eosinophil
Monocyte
Lymphocyte
Basophil
Lymphocytes exhibit a large, spherical nucleus that occupies most of the cell volume, leaving only a thin rim of pale cytoplasm. They are critical for adaptive immunity.
Which white blood cell is primarily responsible for antibody production?
T lymphocyte
B lymphocyte
Monocyte
Neutrophil
B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies specific to antigens. This humoral response is essential for neutralizing pathogens.
An increase in which white blood cell is most indicative of an acute bacterial infection?
Basophil
Lymphocyte
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
During acute bacterial infections, the bone marrow releases an increased number of neutrophils (neutrophilia) to phagocytose invading bacteria.
Which white blood cell releases histamine and heparin during allergic reactions?
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
Basophil
Monocyte
Basophils contain granules rich in histamine and heparin, which are released during type I hypersensitivity reactions to promote vasodilation and prevent blood clotting.
Which white blood cell is typically the smallest in diameter on a peripheral blood smear?
Monocyte
Lymphocyte
Eosinophil
Neutrophil
Small lymphocytes are approximately 7 - 9 µm in diameter, making them the smallest leukocytes typically seen on a peripheral smear.
A cell on a blood smear has a kidney-shaped nucleus and abundant grey-blue cytoplasm. Identify this cell.
Monocyte
Neutrophil
Basophil
Lymphocyte
Monocytes have a characteristic indented or kidney-shaped nucleus and a large volume of grey-blue cytoplasm without prominent granules.
An elevated count of which cell type is most commonly associated with parasitic infections and allergic reactions?
Neutrophil
Monocyte
Basophil
Eosinophil
Eosinophils are involved in defense against multicellular parasites and play a role in modulating allergic inflammatory responses.
Cells expressing the surface marker CD3 belong to which lineage?
B lymphocyte
T lymphocyte
Natural killer cell
Monocyte
CD3 is a pan-T-cell marker associated with the T-cell receptor complex, present on all mature T lymphocytes.
Which immature neutrophil form has a U-shaped nucleus and is often increased in a 'left shift'?
Promyelocyte
Metamyelocyte
Band cell
Myeloblast
Band cells are immature neutrophils with a U-shaped (band) nucleus; their increased presence indicates a left shift, often seen in severe infections.
Which cell type mediates cell-mediated immunity by recognizing antigen-presenting cells directly?
B lymphocyte
Neutrophil
Eosinophil
T lymphocyte
T lymphocytes, particularly cytotoxic and helper subsets, interact directly with antigen-presenting cells to orchestrate cell-mediated immune responses.
Which granulocyte exhibits metachromasia when stained with toluidine blue?
Neutrophil
Basophil
Eosinophil
Monocyte
Basophil granules contain heparin and histamine that produce a metachromatic color change (purple-black) with toluidine blue stain.
Which cell displays a perinuclear 'halo' (clear zone) around its nucleus on a Wright-Giemsa stain?
Monocyte
Plasma cell
Neutrophil
Basophil
Plasma cells exhibit a clear perinuclear zone (the Golgi 'hof') adjacent to the nucleus, visible on Wright-Giemsa preparations.
Which markers identify natural killer (NK) cells?
CD14 and CD68
CD19 and CD20
CD16 and CD56
CD3 and CD4
NK cells characteristically express CD56 and often CD16, distinguishing them from T cells (CD3) and B cells (CD19/CD20).
Which leukocyte is most prominently increased in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)?
Neutrophil
Basophil
Eosinophil
Monocyte
Basophilia is a hallmark of CML alongside elevated neutrophils and their precursors; basophil counts often correlate with disease burden.
Reactive lymphocytes in infectious mononucleosis typically exhibit which feature?
Perinuclear clear zone
Multi-lobed nucleus
Red-orange granules
Abundant irregular basophilic cytoplasm
Reactive (atypical) lymphocytes in mono show large, irregular, basophilic cytoplasm that often indents surrounding red blood cells.
Which granulocyte contains peroxidase-positive azurophilic granules involved in the respiratory burst?
Neutrophil
Monocyte
Eosinophil
Basophil
Neutrophils contain myeloperoxidase in their primary (azurophilic) granules, which is crucial for generating reactive oxygen species during the respiratory burst.
Auer rods are needle-shaped inclusions seen in which cell type in acute leukemia?
Lymphoblast
Monocyte
Megakaryocyte
Myeloblast
Auer rods are aggregates of primary granules found in the cytoplasm of myeloblasts in acute myeloid leukemia.
Which white blood cell type normally comprises about 1% of circulating leukocytes?
Lymphocyte
Neutrophil
Basophil
Monocyte
Basophils are the least common granulocytes, representing less than 1% of circulating leukocytes in normal blood.
Which surface marker is most specific for identifying B lymphocytes?
CD14
CD19
CD56
CD3
CD19 is expressed throughout B-cell development and is considered a definitive marker for identifying B lymphocytes.
Which leukocyte subset is most prominently increased during viral infections?
Eosinophil
Basophil
Lymphocyte
Monocyte
Viral infections typically induce lymphocytosis, especially an increase in cytotoxic T cells targeting infected host cells.
In neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, which component is extruded to trap pathogens?
Myeloperoxidase
Histamine
DNA
Heparin
During NETosis, neutrophils release decondensed chromatin (DNA) along with antimicrobial proteins to form extracellular traps that ensnare pathogens.
Which cell type in peripheral blood expresses high levels of CD34 as a marker of immaturity?
Eosinophil
Lymphocyte
Myeloblast
Monocyte
CD34 is a hallmark marker of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells; high expression is seen on myeloblasts in acute leukemia.
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Study Outcomes

  1. Identify WBC Morphology -

    After completing the quiz, you will be able to pinpoint key morphological features of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.

  2. Differentiate Leukocyte Classes -

    You will learn to distinguish between granulocytes and agranulocytes based on nuclear shape, cytoplasmic granules, and staining characteristics.

  3. Recall Functional Roles -

    You will be able to summarize the primary immune functions of each leukocyte subtype, from pathogen clearance to antibody production.

  4. Classify Quiz Images -

    You will gain practice assigning accurate names to various WBC images in a dynamic white blood cell identification quiz format.

  5. Apply Diagnostic Criteria -

    You will develop the ability to apply essential morphological criteria when identifying leukocytes in both academic and clinical settings.

  6. Enhance Diagnostic Confidence -

    You will build confidence in your leukocyte identification skills and be better prepared for exams or lab diagnostics.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Mnemonic for WBC Proportions -

    Use "Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas" to recall normal peripheral blood counts: Neutrophils 60 - 70%, Lymphocytes 20 - 40%, Monocytes 2 - 8%, Eosinophils 1 - 4%, Basophils 0.5 - 1% (Hoffbrand & Moss, 2016). This trick streamlines your white blood cell identification quiz prep by anchoring each leukocyte's relative abundance. Testing yourself by sketching a pie chart can reinforce these percentages visually.

  2. Neutrophil Identification -

    Neutrophils have a distinctive 2 - 5-lobed nucleus connected by thin chromatin strands and pale pink to lilac granules in Wright - Giemsa stains (Robbins Basic Pathology). Remember "first in line" - neutrophils are frontline phagocytes in acute bacterial infections. When you practice the wbc identification quiz, count nuclear lobes to distinguish band forms (<2 lobes) from segmented neutrophils.

  3. Lymphocyte Morphology -

    Lymphocytes appear with a high nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, darkly staining round nucleus, and scant pale blue cytoplasm (Guyton & Hall Physiology Review). In your white blood cell identification quiz, focus on size: small lymphocytes measure ~7 µm, while large activated variants can reach 15 µm. A handy tip: equate small lymphocytes to a "fried egg" view - tiny halo of cytoplasm around a giant yolk-like nucleus.

  4. Monocyte Features -

    Monocytes are the largest WBCs (15 - 20 µm) with a horseshoe- or kidney-shaped nucleus and gray-blue cytoplasm containing fine azurophilic granules (CDC Laboratory Manual). Recall "Monocytes Migrate to Macrophages" to link their blood phase to tissue macrophages. Spotting their size under a microscope will help you nail that leukocyte identification quiz question every time.

  5. Eosinophil and Basophil Granule Patterns -

    Eosinophils show bi-lobed nuclei and bright orange-red granules (major basic protein), while basophils have irregular lobes obscured by dark purple-black histamine-rich granules (Williams Hematology). For quick recall, think Eosin = "E is for Earthy red" and Base = "Base-ball black." Testing yourself with mixed-field slides accelerates mastery of these rarer granulocytes in any leukocyte quiz.

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