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Quizzes > Mathematics

Finite Math Practice Test: 15 Questions to Check Your Skills

Quick, free quiz on finite math problems. Instant results.

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Arwa SiddiquiUpdated Aug 25, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
Questions: 15
Study OutcomesAdditional Reading
3D voxel art illustrating concepts from Finite Mathematics course

Use this finite math quiz to check key concepts and spot what to review. Work through 15 short questions on logic, sets, probability, matrices, and Markov chains, with instant scoring. Need a refresher on related topics? Practice with the discrete math quiz, build algebra skills with polynomial practice problems, or warm up with a basic math quiz.

In a logical implication 'If A then B', under which condition is the statement false?
When A is true and B is false.
When both A and B are true.
When A is false and B is true.
When both A and B are false.
An implication is false only when the antecedent is true and the consequent is false. In all other cases, the statement is true as defined by its truth table.
Which symbol represents the intersection of two sets?
⊂
∪
∉
∩
The intersection symbol (∩) represents the set containing elements that are common to both sets. The other symbols denote union, subset relation, and non-membership respectively.
If two events are mutually exclusive, what is the probability of either event occurring?
The difference of their probabilities.
The sum of their individual probabilities.
The product of their probabilities.
Zero, because they cannot occur simultaneously.
For mutually exclusive events, the probability of either event occurring is the sum of their individual probabilities. This follows directly from the addition rule in probability theory.
What is the dot product of two perpendicular (orthogonal) vectors?
The product of their magnitudes.
Undefined
1
0
The dot product of two orthogonal vectors is 0 because the cosine of the 90-degree angle between them is zero. This fundamental property is widely used in vector analysis.
What is a square matrix called if it is equal to its own transpose?
Diagonal matrix
Symmetric matrix
Skew-symmetric matrix
Orthogonal matrix
A matrix that is equal to its own transpose is known as a symmetric matrix. The other options refer to matrices with different properties.
Which principle states that the negation of a conjunction equals the disjunction of the negations?
Commutative Law
De Morgan's Law
Law of Contraposition
Distributive Law
De Morgan's Law asserts that the negation of a conjunction is equivalent to the disjunction of the negations, and vice versa. This principle is essential for simplifying complex logical expressions.
If A is a subset of a universal set U, what is the result of A ∩ U?
A
The complement of A
Empty set
U
Since A is a subset of U, every element of A is contained in U, making their intersection equal to A. This follows directly from the definition of a universal set.
When a fair six-sided die is rolled, what is the probability of obtaining a number greater than 4?
1/3
1/2
2/3
1/6
Only the outcomes 5 and 6 are greater than 4, giving 2 favorable outcomes out of 6 total outcomes. Therefore, the probability is 2/6, which simplifies to 1/3.
What is the unit vector in the direction of the vector (3, 4)?
(3, 4)
(3/5, 4/5)
(4/5, 3/5)
(-3/5, -4/5)
A unit vector is obtained by dividing a vector by its magnitude. For the vector (3, 4), its magnitude is 5, so the unit vector is (3/5, 4/5), while the other options are either not normalized or have altered components.
If matrix A is of size 2x3 and matrix B is of size 3x2, what is the resulting size of AB?
2x2
3x2
2x3
3x3
When multiplying matrices, the inner dimensions must match and the resulting matrix takes on the outer dimensions. Multiplying a 2x3 matrix by a 3x2 matrix yields a 2x2 matrix.
For two independent events A and B, which statement is true regarding their joint probability?
P(A and B) cannot be determined from P(A) and P(B)
P(A and B) = P(A) - P(B)
P(A and B) = P(A) + P(B)
P(A and B) = P(A) Ã- P(B)
For independent events, the probability that both events occur is the product of their individual probabilities. This multiplication rule is a fundamental concept in probability theory.
In a Markov chain, what is the property called where the next state depends only on the current state?
Stationary property
Markov property
Recurrence property
Ergodic property
The characteristic that the next state in a Markov chain depends solely on the current state is known as the Markov property. This is a defining trait that differentiates Markov processes from other types of stochastic processes.
Which method is commonly used to compute the inverse of a square matrix?
QR Factorization
Eigenvalue Decomposition
LU Decomposition
Gauss-Jordan elimination
Gauss-Jordan elimination is a frequently used method for finding the inverse of a square matrix through systematic row operations. Although other decompositions exist for solving linear systems, they are not primarily used for computing inverses.
In a regular Markov chain, what is the tendency of the state probabilities after many transitions?
They become completely random.
They oscillate indefinitely without convergence.
They continue to vary with each transition.
They converge to a unique steady-state distribution.
In a regular Markov chain, regardless of the initial state, the probabilities converge to a unique steady-state distribution after many transitions. This long-term behavior is crucial for predicting outcomes in various stochastic models.
If a business has a 30% chance of failing in a given year independently, what is the probability that it survives two consecutive years?
0.30
0.59
0.70
0.49
The probability of surviving one year is 70% since the failure chance is 30%. Consequently, the probability of surviving two consecutive years is 0.7 Ã- 0.7, which equals 0.49.
0
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Study Outcomes

  1. Analyze logical arguments and apply truth tables to assess validity.
  2. Apply set theory concepts to classify and relate data within social sciences.
  3. Solve probability problems and interpret outcomes within real-world contexts.
  4. Utilize vectors and matrices to represent and solve practical business problems.
  5. Develop and analyze Markov chain models to predict system behaviors.

Finite Mathematics Additional Reading

Here are some engaging and reputable resources to enhance your understanding of finite mathematics topics:

  1. This MIT OpenCourseWare lecture delves into the transition matrix approach to finite-state Markov chains, analyzing the powers of the transition matrix to understand steady-state behavior.
  2. This tutorial provides an in-depth introduction to Markov chains, exploring their connection to graphs and random walks, and utilizing tools from linear algebra and graph theory to describe transition matrices.
  3. This chapter from "Lectures on Probability Theory and Statistics" offers comprehensive insights into finite Markov chains, discussing various analytical techniques and their applications.
  4. This MIT lecture provides an introduction to finite-state Markov chains, discussing their properties and applications in probability theory.
  5. This resource offers a comprehensive introduction to linear algebra and probability theory, including applications in various areas of computer science, and includes numerous MATLAB exercises and programming assignments.
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