DDS Dissertation
DDS Dissertation Quiz
Test your knowledge on dissertation and research methodologies with our comprehensive quiz! Perfect for students and researchers alike, this quiz covers essential concepts in research design and analysis.
- Multiple choice questions
- Topics include research questions, methodologies, and data analysis
- Gain insights into your understanding of dissertation writing
Research is
An activity of finding facts in society or scientific world
A long essay or dissertation on a fact really happening
"re" meaning again and again plus "search"
A systematic investigation into and study of materials, methods and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions
Research question is
A question asked in a research
A question asked in a research to form hypothesis
A question on core of the topic whose answer is a result to be written in a dissertation
The fundamental core of a research project, study. It focuses the study, determines the methodology, and guides all stages of a dissertation
Thesis is
A proposition involving research, written by a candidate for a college degree
A long essay involving research, written by a candidate for a college degree
A text involving research, written by a candidate for a college degree
A long essay or dissertation involving research aiming at solving a problem with accurate method, discussion and conclusion
Topic of a thesis ឝ្រូវមាន៖
What, who, where, when, why
What, who, where. when, which
What, who, where. when, worry
None of these answers
Topic of a thesis is composed of
What, who, where. when, wonder
What, who, where. when, widen
What, who, where. when
What, who, where. when, win
Rationale for the study is to
Tell why you raise the topic to study
Tell when you raise the topic to study
Tell a problem you raise the topic to study
Tell a solution you raise the topic to study
General objective is
A general idea on thesis results
An aim you desire to show in your thesis
A general idea on the thesis discussion
A general idea on the thesis conclusion
Specific objective is
An objective defining specific point, which is separated from the general objective
An objective defining specific step, which is separated from the general objective
An objective defining specific point from the general objective that orientates the thesis hypothesis
An objective defining specific point from the general objective that orientates the thesis conclusion
Introduction is
A piece of the dissertation relevant to simple composition
A piece of the dissertation relevant to the disease you focus
A piece of the dissertation relevant to the background of the disease
A piece of the dissertation relevant to your topic on simple and scientific assentation
Literature review is to
A piece of writing relevant to what the topic needs
A piece of writing relevant to what the rationale for the study needs
A piece of writing relevant to the what the thesis results need
A piece of writing relevant to the what the objectives need
Cross-sectional study is
A study of prevalence of a disease
A study of percentage of a disease
A study to collect data at one specific point in time of a whole activity of a sample or subject
A study to collect data a whole activity of a sample or subject
Retrospective cohort study is
A historic cohort study, generally means to take a look back at events that already have taken place
A study on history of a disease that you are raising to write your dissertation
A study on history of an author that you are raising to write your dissertation
A study on history of all samples that you are raising to write your dissertation
Case study is
A study on disease cases happening in a period of time
A study on disease cases happening in a region of a period of time
A study or dissertation on cases of a disease or something written by a person, group, which has been studied over time
A study on disease cases happening in a group of people
Case control study is
A study on two groups of samples that one is a group of disease cases and another is a group of control cases
A study on two groups of samples that one is a group of ill samples and another is a group of healthy samples
A study to control ill samples so as to collect data for dissertation
A study on two groups of samples that ones using real medications and others using placebo
Qualitative data is
Information that has high quality for writing a dissertation
Information gathered from a study that is descriptive and not based on numbers and not measurable
Information that has high quality for analyzing out the results
Information that has high quality for building tables of a dissertation
Quantitative data
Information that has huge quantity for writing a dissertation
Information that has huge quantity for analyzing out the results
Information gathered from a study that is descriptive and based on countable and measurable things
Data of descriptive research
Correlation is
A mutual relationship or connection between two or more things or variables
A relationship between two diseases happening together
A relationship between two researches done in the same period
A relationship between two or more diseases contracted in a group of samples
Hypothesis is
Hypo + thesis
A supposition made on the basis of the investigation results
A supposition made on the basis of the thesis objectives
A supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation
Alternative hypothesis is
Denoted by H1 or Ha, is the hypothesis that sample observations are influenced by some non-random cause
The hypothesis that is alternative in the dissertation
The hypothesis that determines the results differently from the rationale for the study
The hypothesis that determines the results differently from the objectives of the study
Null hypothesis
The hypothesis that is null (not written in the dissertation)
The hypothesis that is opposite to the conclusion of a dissertation
Denoted by H0, is usually the hypothesis that sample observations result purely from chance
The hypothesis that is different from the real results of a dissertation
Analysis on thesis topic is aiming to be
Different, pertinent, feasible, useful and acceptable
Different, pertinent, feasible, useful and beneficial
New, different, feasible, useful and acceptable
New, pertinent, feasible, useful and acceptable
Analysis to establish tables of results is followed by
Specific objectives
General objectives
Rationale for the study
Introduction of the thesis
Commentaries on tables are written on the base of
Why the results happening
What and why are the results happening
What are the total results
What are contained in the table
Discussion is a part of a dissertation that
Have to focus arguments of a group of people
Have to focus on figures in tables, reasons and assertions form other authors
Have to focus on fiercely debate with each others
Have to write about results of other authors
An important practical issue to consider when designing a research project is:
Which theoretical perspective you find most interesting
Whether or not you have time to retile the bathroom first
Which colour of ring binder to present your work in
How much time and money you have to conduct the research
What is a research design?
A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory
The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods
A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data
The style in which you present your research findings, e.g. A graph
If a study is "reliable", this means that:
It was conducted by a reputable researcher who can be trusted
The measures devised for concepts are stable on different occasions
The findings can be generalized to other result settings
The methods are stated clearly enough for the research to be replicated
In an experimental design, the dependent variable is:
The one that is not manipulated and in which any changes are observed
The one that is manipulated in order to observe any effects on the other
A measure of the extent to which personal values affect research
An ambiguous concept whose meaning depends on how it is defined
What is a cross-sectional design?
A study of one particular section of society, e.g. The middle classes
One that is devised when the researcher is in a bad mood
The collection of data from more than one case at one moment in time
A comparison of two or more variables over a long period of time
How can you tell if your research questions are really good?
If they guide your literature search
If they are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument
If they force you to narrow the scope of your research
All of the answers in this question
Which of the following should be included in a research proposal?
Your academic status and experience
The difficulties you encountered with your previous reading on the topic
Your choice of research methods and reasons for choosing them
All of the answers in this question
Which of the following should you think about when preparing your research?
Your sample frame and sampling strategy
The ethical issues that might arise
Negotiating access to the setting
All of the answers in this question
What practical steps can you take before you actually start your research?
Find out exactly what your institution's requirements are for a dissertation
Make sure you are familiar with the hardware and software you plan to use
Apply for clearance of your project through an ethics committee
All of the answers in this question
Why do you need to review the existing literature?
To make sure you have a long list of references
Because without it, you could never reach the required word-count
To find out what is already known about your area of interest
To help in your general studying
To read critically means:
Taking an opposing point of view to the ideas and opinions expressed
Skimming through the material because most of it is just padding
Evaluating what you read in terms of your own research questions
Being negative about something before you read it
A systematic literature review is:
One which starts in your own library, then goes to on-line databases and, finally, to the internet
A replicable, scientific and transparent process
One which gives equal attention to the principal contributors to the area
A responsible, professional process of time-management for research
What is meta-analysis?
A technique of correcting for the errors in individual studies within a survey of a large number of studies, to demonstrate the effect of a particular variable
A process of secondary-data gathering to assemble all the possibilities for a variable's effects
A substitute for original research, which is justified by constraints of time or money
A specialized step in a computer software program (SPSS e.g.)
When accessing the internet, which of these steps is the most essential?
Recording the full URL
Noting the access dates
Downloading material to be referenced
They are all equally important
The importance of measurement in quantitative research is that:
It allows us to delineate fine differences between people or cases
It provides a consistent device or yardstick
It allows for precise estimates of the degree of relationship between concepts
All of the answers in this question
Quantitative research has been criticized because:
The measurement process suggests a spurious and artificial sense of accuracy
The reliance on instruments and procedures makes it high in ecological validity
It underestimates the similarities between objects in the natural and social worlds
All of the answers in this question
A sampling frame is:
A summary of the various stages involved in designing a survey
An outline view of all the main clusters of units in a sample
A list of all the units in the population from which a sample will be selected
A wooden frame used to display tables of random numbers
A simple random sample is one in which:
From a random starting point, every nth unit from the sampling frame is selected
A non-probability strategy is used, making the results difficult to generalize
The researcher has a certain quota of respondents to fill for various social groups
Every unit of the population has an equal chance of being selected
It is helpful to use a multi-stage cluster sample when:
The population is widely dispersed geographically
You have limited time and money available for travelling
You want to use a probability sample in order to generalize the results
All of the answers in this question
Why is it important for structured interviews to follow a standardized procedure?
To increase validity, as the interview can be adapted for each respondent
To increase reliability, because all respondents receive the same interview stimulus
To allow for an in-depth exploration of the topic
To make it easier for untrained interviewers to carry out complex surveys
Which of the following is not a disadvantage of telephone interviewing?
Researchers do not have to spend so much time and money on travelling
Some people in the target population may not own a telephone
It can be difficult to build rapport over the telephone
Interviewers cannot use visual cues such as show cards
According to your text, what are the five key objectives of science?
Prediction, summary, conclusion, explanation, description
Influence, prediction, questions, exploration, answers
Exploration, description, explanation, prediction, influence
Questions, answers, prediction, explanation, summary
Which of the following best describes quantitative research?
The collection of nonnumerical data
An attempt to confirm the researcher’s hypotheses
Research that is exploratory
Research that attempts to generate a new theory
A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is called:
Categorical variable
Dependent variable
Independent variable
Intervening variable
All of the following are common characteristics of experimental research except:
It relies primarily on the collection of numerical data
It can produce important knowledge about cause and effect
It uses the deductive scientific method
It rarely is conducted in a controlled setting or environment
Qualitative research is often exploratory and has all of the following characteristics
It is typically used when a great deal is already known about the topic of interest
It relies on the collection of non-numerical data such as words and pictures
It is used to generate hypotheses and develop theory about phenomena in the world
It uses the inductive scientific method
Research that is done to understand an event from the past is known as:
Experimental research
Historical research
Replication
Archival research
Which of the following includes examples of quantitative variables?
Age, temperature, income, height
Grade point average, anxiety level, reading performance, remembering level
Gender, religion, ethnic group, eye color
All of the answers in this question
The strongest evidence for causality comes from which of the following research
Experimental
Causal-comparative
Correlational
Ethnography
The correlation between intelligence test scores and grades is
Positive
Negative
Perfect
They are not correlated
A good qualitative problem statement:
Defines the independent and dependent variables
Conveys a sense of emerging design
Specifies a research hypothesis to be tested
Specifies the relationship between variables that the researcher expects to find
The statement of purpose in a research study should:
Identify the design of the study
Identify the intent or objective of the study
Specify the type of people to be used in the study
Describe the study
One step that is not included in planning a research study is:
Identifying a researchable problem
A review of current research
Statement of the research question
Conducting a meta-analysis of the research
The feasibility of a research study should be considered in light of:
Cost and time required to conduct the study
Skills required of the researcher
Potential ethical concerns
All of the answers in this question
The research participants are described in detail in which section of the research plan?
Introduction
Method
Data analysis
Discussion
The Method section of the research plan typically specifies
The research participants
The apparatus, instruments, and materials for the research study
The planned research procedures
All of the answers in this question
Which of the following need(s) to be obtained when doing research with children?
Informed consent from the parent or guardian
Assent from the child if he or she is capable
Agree with the parents or guardian and the child
All of the answers in this question
Which of the following generally cannot be done in qualitative studies conducted in the field?
Getting informed consent
Keeping participants from physical harm
Maintaining consent forms
Having full anonymity rather than just confidentiality
Which of the following is not an ethical guideline for conducting research with humans?
Getting informed consent of the participant
Telling participants they must continue until the study has been completed
Keeping participants’ identity anonymous
Telling participants they are free to withdraw at any time
Ideally, the research participant's identity is not known to the researcher. This is called:
Anonymity
Confidentiality
Deception
Desensitizing
Research participants must give what before they can participate in a study?
Guidelines
A commitment
Informed consent
Private information
Which scale is the simplest form of measurement?
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
Which of these is not a method of data collection
Questionnaires
Interviews
Experiments
Observations
Secondary/existing data may include which of the following?
Official documents
Personal documents
Archived research data
All of the answers in this question
Which one of the following is of a method of data collection:
Questionnaires
Interviews
Secondary data
All of the answers in this question
A census taker often collects data through which of the following?
Standardized tests
Interviews
Secondary data
Observations
A baseline
Is used as the standard against which change induced by the treatment is assessed
Is the occurrence of a response in its freely occurring or natural state
Is first obtained prior to the administration of a treatment
All of the answers in this question
Which of the following is characteristic of qualitative research?
Generalization to the population
Random sampling
Unique case orientation
Standardized tests and measures
Phenomenology has its disciplinary origins in:
Philosophy
Anthropology
Sociology
Many disciplines
The type of qualitative research that describes the culture of a group of people is called
Phenomenology
Grounded theory
Ethnography
Case study
Which of the following does not apply to qualitative research?
Data are often words and pictures
Uses the inductive scientific method
Ends with a statistical report
Involves direct and personal contact with participants
The following is a step in the process of historical research?
Identifying a research topic and formulation of the research problem or question
Data synthesis
Data collection and/or literature review
All of the answers in this question
Which of the following is a weakness of quantitative research?
Provides precise, numerical data
The researcher’s categories that are used might not reflect local constituencies’ understandings
Testing hypotheses that are constructed before the data are collected
Can study a large number of people
Which of the following is a weakness of qualitative research?
The results are more easily influenced by the researcher’s personal idiosyncrasies
Data are based on the participant’s own categories of meaning
Can determine idiographic causation
Useful for describing complex phenomena
What is the value you calculate when you want the arithmetic average?
Mean
Median
Mode
Percentage
The standard deviation is
The square root of the variance
A measure of variability
An approximate indicator of how numbers vary from the mean
All of the answers in this question
Complete this sentence. A hypothesis is:
A statement of the aims of an investigation.
A statement which serves as the basis for further investigation.
The methodical evaluation of research evidence
All of these.
Complete this sentence. Confounding variables are a problem in:
Experimental studies.
Correlational studies.
Longitudinal studies.
All answers
Complete this sentence. Ideally, if a study concluded that jealousy caused violence, it would have to:
Show a correlation between jealousy and violent behaviour in participants.
Assign participants to groups of high and low violence and compare their jealousy.
Measure jealousy and violence, over a period of time, on at least two intervals.
Randomly assign participants to groups of high and low jealousy and compare their violence.
Randomised assignment is:
Applied to participant groups to keep similar participants grouped together.
Sometimes done to data to allow cause and effect to be analysed.
Applied to data to control for a confounding variable.
Applied to participant groups to control for a confounding variable.
---------is a statistical index which describes the degree and direction of the relationship between two characteristics or variables.
Mean
T-test
Correlation
Probability
What is the name for a variable which wholly or partially accounts for the relationship between two other variables?
Consistent variable
Congruent variable
Confounding variable
σ�Confounded variable
Content analysis uses which of the below methods?
Counting
Classifying
Recording
All answers
Why does meta analysis provide a powerful integrative tool?
It provides statistical methods for combining and differentiating between the findings of a number of data analyses.
It provides statistical methods for differentiating between the conclusions of a number of data analyses.
It provides methods for combining and differentiating between the conclusions of a number of data analyses.
It provides statistical methods for combining a number of variables.
In meta analysis, a correlation co-efficient is one statistic which is used to calculate:
The sample size
The variability in individual scores
The effect size
The standard deviation
What purpose do clearly stated aims serve?
Aims state clearly how the research will be done and what conclusions are expected.
Aims state clearly what the research intends to contribute and justifies the research being carried out
Aims state clearly what the research intends to contribute and details how the research will be done.
Aims state clearly in detail how research will be done and justify why research is being carried out.
Which of the below is true of a research report?
An ideal is to include every detail about the research as fully as possible.
A research report gives every last detail of the major and critical aspects of the research process.
A research report presents the stages of the research accurately down to the last detail, and in the order in which they occurred.
A research report does not give every last detail but provides a clear synthesis of the major and critical aspects of the research process.
Which of the following lists presents the sections of a research report in the correct order?
Title page, Abstract, Title, Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Appendices, References.
Title page, Abstract, Title, Introduction, Method, Results, Conclusion, Discussion, References, Appendices.
Title page, Abstract, Title, Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, References, Appendices.
Title page, Title, Abstract, Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, References, Appendices.
What is the main advantage of producing a written research proposal?
Helps the institution
Helps keep people employed
Informs all interested parties
Help with credibility
All of these may appear in a research proposal, but which one will ALWAYS appear?
Creative objective
Research objective
Marketing objective
Business objective
Which word fills all the blanks in this extract: We talk about generating ………,testing ………..,rejecting………..
Objective
Hypotheses
Aims
Question
The timing section of a proposal will NOT include:
Progress report dates
Deadlines for submitting the final report
Guidelines on ethics
Deadlines for ending data collection.
Good research proposal will always:
Focus on addressing the research objective
Consider all possible research that hard previously been done on the topic
Provide respondent names and addresses
Focus on the Harvard style
The proposal’s literature review is important because:
It looks authoritative.
The tutor insists upon it.
It is expected by university
It shows that you are knowledgeable about the literature that relates to your research topic.
Which proposal section is intended to describe the purpose with a full statement of the research question?
Proposed method.
Introduction.
Literature review.
References.
Which ONE of these phrases is best avoided in a proposal?
The intention is to complete the study by….
I hope to ……..
This research seek to ……..
This research draws upon the work of……….
Which ONE of these is best avoided in a proposal?
Short, clear sentences
Accurate spelling and grammar.
Careful use of correct gender terms.
Jargon.
The final research report is NOT:
Tangible evidence of a research project.
A basis for decision-making.
A research proposal
Future secondary data
What helps to agree timing, agree resource allocation and also draws boundaries?
The final report.
The questionnaire.
The proposal.
The observation form.
Projects do go wrong. In one case a student was indecisive and collected anything, just in case it came in useful: web sites, photocopies, brochures. The questionnaire even included irrelevant questions, just in case the information could be useful. Which ONE of the following would have been realistic and would have helped the most with this problem?Results
Regular progress reports to the supervisor.
Setting a clear objective.
Using SPSS
Using a Gantt chart.
Being less ambitious.
Quantitative data refers to:
Statistical analysis
Any data you present in your report.
Numerical data that could usefully be quantified to help your research question(s) and to meet your objectives
Graphs and tables.
Computers are useful for quantitative data analysis because:
They are fun to use
They are so powerful
They enable easy calculation for those of us not too good with figures.
Increasingly data analysis software contain algorithms that check the data for obvious errors as it is entered.
Standard deviation is:
A way of describing those phenomena that are not the norm.
A way of illustrating crime statistics.
Inappropriate in management and business research.
A way of measuring the extent of spread of quantifiable data.
The way in which this significance is tested using both non parametric and parametric statistics can be thought of as answering one from a series of questions. Which one of the questions below is the odd one out?
Does it look statistically significant on the face of it?
Are the differences statistically significant?
What is the strength of the relationship, and is it statistically significant?
Are the predicted values statistically significant?
Testing the probability of a relationship between variables occurring by chance alone if there really was no difference in the population from which that sample was drawn is known as:
Chi-squared tests.
Multiple regression analysis.
Correlation coefficients.
Significance testing
Which one of these is not a way of measuring central tendency?
Measuring the value that occurs most frequently (mode).
Measuring the value, often known as the average, that includes all data values in its calculation (mean). Procedure
Measuring the middle value or mid-point after the data have been ranked (median).
Regression analysis.
Which of the following best describes quantitative research?
The collection of non-numerical data
An attempt to confirm the researcher’s hypotheses
Research that is exploratory
Research that attempts to generate a new theory
A condition or characteristic that can take on different values or categories is called ___.
A constant:
A variable
A cause-and-effect relationship
A descriptive relationship
All of the following are common characteristics of experimental research except:
It relies primarily on the collection of numerical data
It can produce important knowledge about cause and effect
It uses the deductive scientific method
It rarely is conducted in a controlled setting or environment
Qualitative research is often exploratory and has all of the following characteristics except:
It is typically used when a great deal is already known about the topic of interest
It relies on the collection of nonnumerical data such as words and pictures it relies on the collection of nonnumerical data such as words and pictures
It is used to generate hypotheses and develop theory about phenomena in the world
It uses the inductive scientific method
A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is called a(n):
Categorical variable
Dependent variable
Independent variable
Intervening variable
Which type of research provides the strongest evidence about the existence of cause-and-effect relationships?
Nonexperimental Research
Experimental Research
What is the key defining characteristic of experimental research?
Extraneous variables are never present
A positive correlation usually exists
A negative correlation usually exists
Manipulation of the independent variable
In _____, random assignment to groups is never possible and the researcher cannot manipulate the independent variable:
Basic research
Quantitative research
Experimental research
Causal-comparative and correlational research
What is the defining characteristic of experimental research?
Resistance to manipulation
Manipulation of the independent variable
The use of open-ended questions
Focuses only on local problems
A positive correlation is present when _______:
Two variables move in opposite directions
Two variables move in the same direction
One variable goes up and one goes down
Several variables never change.
Research in which the researcher uses both qualitative and quantitative research within a stage or across two of the stages in the research process is known as ______:
Action research
Basic research
Quantitative research
Mixed model research
Research that is done to understand an event from the past is known as _____?
Experimental research
Historical research
Replication
Archival research
______ research occurs when the researcher manipulates the independent variable:
Causal-comparative research
Experimental research
Ethnography
Correlational research
Which of the following includes examples of quantitative variables?
Age, temperature, income, height
Grade point average, anxiety level, reading performance
Gender, religion, ethnic group
Age, temperature, income, height and grade point average, anxiety level, reading performance
The strongest evidence for causality comes from which of the following research methods?
Experimental
Causal comparative
Correlational
Ethnography
The correlation between intelligence test scores and grades is:
Positive
Negative
Perfect
They are not correlated
What is the name for a variable which is measured using 2 different values?
Dichotomous
Binomial
Binary
All answers
What is an example of a subject variable?
Sex
Religion
Race
All of the these
The concept of 'variables':
Has always been used in psychology.
Is derived from statistics.
Is derived from physics.
Is derived from biology.
A cross sectional study is carried out to examine whether Navy personnel of a higher rank have more positive coping skills than those of a lower rank. Which of the following statement is true of this study?
Neither variable is dependent as the researcher cannot manipulate them.
The independent variable is coping and the dependent variable is high rank.
The independent variable is rank and the dependent variable is coping skills.
The independent variable is coping and the dependent variable is low rank.
Who introduced the theory of measurement and scales of measurement into psychology?
Skinner
Schlosberg
Stanley
Stevens
Which of the following are the most similar?
Nominal, ratio, and interval data
Ordinal, interval and ratio data
Nominal and ratio data
Nominal, ordinal and ratio data
What sort of data are post codes (zip codes)?
Nominal
Ordinal
Interval
Ratio
What sort of data is income?
Nominal
Interval
Ordinal
Ratio
What sort of variable is dress size?
Dependent
Ordinal
Ratio
Nominal
A mediator variable is:
Another name for the independent variable.
Responsible for the relationship between two other variables
Another name for the dependent variable.
All Answers
Complete the following sentence. All else being equal, it is more likely results will be statistically significant if:
You have a representative sample.
You have a larger sample.
You use random sampling.
All of these
When is a single case experimental study the most useful?
When studying behaviour change.
When you are studying yourself.
When research requires a substantial sample to be worthwhile or effective.
When a participant has a rare condition.
The difference between a convenience sample and a representative sample is:
A convenience sample limits the participants to the population of interest.
The size - a representative sample is bigger.
The availability - a convenience sample is easier for the researcher to approach.
The convenience sampling selects participants randomly and a representative sample does not.
A study is conducted in which participants are recruited from local sixth form colleges in the north-east of the UK. The study takes place on a Tuesday so only those in college on that day take part. What sort of sample is this?
A random sample.
A representative sample.
Convenience sample.
None of these
Which of the following statements is true of the relationship between sample sizes and effect sizes?
The effect size and sample size have no relationship.
The bigger the difference, the bigger the sample size.
Smaller effect sizes are more likely to be significant with smaller sample sizes.
The bigger the effect, the bigger the sample size
Which is the most conservative significance level?
They are all the same as they all show significance.
.05
.01
.001
What is one difference between directional and non directional hypotheses?
A non-directional hypothesis is more likely to be significant.
A directional hypothesis is supported by weaker data than would be required for a non directional hypothesis
A directional hypothesis can only be used if replicating research.
A non directional hypothesis is more likely to be rejected.
A correlation of or around zero can be interpreted as which of the following?
A curvilinear relationship is present.
A linear relationship is present.
No relationship is present.
It could mean either no relationship or a curvilinear one.
Which of the following show the proportion of variance shared between two variables?
Correlation.
Standard error.
Co-efficient of determination.
Attenuation.
Caution is applied to the application of labels to correlation because:
Labels are not numerical.
They do not explain variance.
We need to consider the context of the finding and the value of it.
All of these
The introductory section of a research report should aim to:
Identify the specific focus of the study.
Provide a rationale for the dissertation, or article.
Article and Grab the reader's attention.
All of the above
In general, the content of your results section should include the following elements:
Introductory context for understanding the results by restating the research problem underpinning your study.
Inclusion of non-textual elements, such as, figures, charts, photos, maps, tables
A systematic description of your results, highlighting for the
The page length of your results section is guided and use the past tense when referring to your results.
All are corrects
What is the purpose of the conclusion in a research report?
It just a summary what the article already said.
It summarizes the key findings in relation to the research questions
It contains a useful review of the relevant literature.
It outlines the methodological procedures that were employed.
The purpose of social science research is:
Academic
Cultivation
Experience
Utilitarian
In discussion section you should write:
Interpret and explain your results
Answer your research question
Justify your approach
Critically evaluate your study
All are corrects
The Discussion section needs to follow from:
Your results
Relate back to your literature review.
The existing knowledge about the subject.
All are corrects
7. For most research paper formats in the social and behavioral sciences, there is possible select ways of:
Presenting the results
Organizing the results.
Presenting and organizing the results
No answers
The first purpose of a survey is to:
Description
Evaluation
Propagation
Provide Information
The most critical areas of an article to read is:
Results section
Introduction
Abstract
Limitations
The purpose of a Results section is to:
Present the key results of your research without
Interpreting their meaning. It cannot be combined with the Discussion section unless
The journal combines the Results and Discussion into one section.
All are corrects
The results should be:
Presented in an orderly sequence,
Using an outline as a guide for writing
Following the sequence of the Methods section upon which the results are based.
All are corrects
12. When you refer to your results:
Use the past tense
The Results section is:
A summary of the experimental outcome of the study
Analyse the data.
Write the discussion section
Review the collected data
Writing the results section, try to:
Make it as clear and understandable as possible
Go from the simple finding to more complex
Emphasize significant effect more than nonsignificant
All are corrects
Which of the following is not a “Graphic representation”?:
Pie Chart
Bar Chart
Table
Histogram
Which of the following is NOT a function of referencing?:
To demonstrate breadth of reading
To attribute a quotation
To ensure a sufficiently long reference list
To justify your approach
Any numerical value calculated from sample data is called
Error
Statistic
Bias
Mean
Writing your discussion should be:
Statement of your principal findings
Strengths and limitations of your study
In relation to other studies, discussing in particular any differences
All are corrects
Statement of your principal findings for discussion:
Do not repeat your results!
Summarize the key findings in two or three sentences.
Make generalizations with caution (Most subjects reported some kind of patient
All are corrects
The purpose of the results section is
To present the main data collected and the observations made during the research.
It provides interpretation of the analysed data
Does not contain details on the methods, materials or discussion.
All are corrects
The first step in writing the results section is
To review the analysed data
Determine which results to present. This can be done by
Deciding which results are relevant to the question(s) presented in the introduction,
All are corrects
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