MICRO CH 8

What is the Central Dogma of biology?

DNA to RNA to protein

RNA to DNA to protein

Protein to DNA to RNA

Transcription to DNA to RNA

DNA is made of...

Pentose, phosphates, and deoxyribose.

Phosphates, nitrogenous base, and ribose.

Deoxyribose, nitrogenous base, and phosphates.

Phosphates, pentose, and ribose.

Ribosomes are ___ in Eukaryotes, ___ in Prokaryotes.

Smaller; larger

Larger; smaller

Two subunits; one subnit

One subunit; two subunits

Ribosomes are made of...

Protein and rRNA

Protein and tRNA

Protein and mRNA

RRNA and ribose

Polyribosomal complex is the method of....

Feeding a single mRNA strand through more than one ribosome in Eukaryotes.

Feeding a single mRNA strand through more than one ribosome in Archaea.

Feeding a single mRNA strand through more than one ribosome in Bacteria.

Feeding a single mRNA strand through more than one ribosome in all cells.

In Eukaryotes, DNA...

Leaves the nucleus to find ribosome.

Leaves the cytoplasm to find ribosome.

Copy leaves the nucleus to find a protein.

Copy leaves the nucleus to find ribosome.

Introns...

Code for proteins.

Do not code for proteins.

Stitch exons back together.

Stitch ligase back together.

Conjugation refers to...

A bacterium that finds a piece of DNA in its environment and engulfs it.

The use of a bacteriophage to inject DNA into a bacterial cell.

"jumping genes" that can transfer among plasmids and chromosomes.

The transfer of a plasmid copy through a pilus.

Transformation refers to...

A bacterium that finds a piece of DNA in its environment and engulfs it.

"jumping genes" that can transfer among plasmids and chromosomes.

The use of a bacteriophage to inject DNA into a bacterial cell.

The transfer of a plasmid copy through a pilus.

Transduction refers to...

"jumping genes" that can transfer among plasmids and chromosomes.

The use of a bacteriophage to inject DNA into a bacterial cell.

The transfer of a plasmid copy through a pilus.

A bacterium that finds a piece of DNA in its environment and engulfs it.

In gel electrophoresis...

The smallest DNA moves the farthest.

The largest DNA moves the farthest.

All sizes move the same distance.

The mutated DNA will not move.

Which mutation refers to a natural, non-mutated strain?

Spontaneous

Point

Induced

Wild type

Which mutation refers to a minor mutation that adds, deletes, or substitutes a single base?

Spontaneous

Lethal

Point

Silent

A missense mutation...

Causes coding of same amino acid due to redundancy.

Changes a normal codon into a stop codon.

Causes coding of different amino acid.

Alters base, but does not change amino acid.

A silent mutation...

Is caused by an environmental factor.

Changes a normal codon to a stop codon.

Causes one or more bases to be added or deleted from a strand.

Base is altered, but amino acid remains the same.

Sepetate hyphae have...

Fungal filaments contained in a bulb-like structure.

A method of reproduction, referred to as dimorphism.

A method of reproduction, referred to as pseudohyphae.

Fungal filaments with divisions, or cross walls.

If a colony appears pink, this means...

Bacteria ferments mannitol.

Bacteria ferments lactose.

Bacteria ferments sucrose.

Bacteria ferments dextrose.

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