2DD MCQ Oral Microbiology
Master Oral Microbiology Quiz
Test your knowledge of oral microbiology with our comprehensive quiz designed for students and professionals alike. Covering a range of topics from bacteria involved in dental caries to viral infections, this quiz will challenge your understanding of crucial microbiological concepts.
- Multiple choice questions to assess your grasp of the subject
- Ideal for students, educators, and dental professionals
- Enhance your learning and retention of oral microbiology
Certain strains of Streptococcus mutans?
σ Cause dental caries by the production of lactic and other acids, from fermentation of sugars
σ Are cause of infective meningitides
σ Cause of periodontal disease by the production of lactic and acids from fermentation of sugars
σ Extracellular glucan production.
Which of the following statements on Actinomycetes are not true?
σ It is a eukaryote
σ It causes chronic granulomatous infections
σ It infrequently causes actinomycoses of the jaws after tooth extractions
σ Short rods, but often pleomorphic
Porphyromonas gingivalis:?
σ Are Gram-positive pleomorphic rods
σ Are non-capsulated
σ Are aggressive periodontal pathogens
σ Are isolated from many extra oral sites
Which of the following statements on Prevotella Intermedia are true:?
σ Black pigmented Gram-positive
σ Microaerophilic
σ Implicated in periodontal disease in association with P. gingivalis
σ Implicated in dental Caries in association with Aggregatibacter actino- mycetemcomitans
Which microorganism implicated in pit and fissure caries?
σ Streptococcus mutans
σ Streptococcus mitis
σ Staphylococcus aureus
σ Actinimyces viscosus
The organisms most commonly associated with root caries are ?
σ Fusobacterium Nucleatum
σ Actinomyces viscosus
σ Staphylococcus aureus
σ Porphyromonas gingivalis
The virulence of Porphyromonas gingivalis is partly due to?
σ Proteases, haemolysin and collagenase
σ Hyaluronic acid
σ Adhesins
σ Cytotoxins
Fusobacterium Nucleatum :?
σ Isolated from monomicrobial infections
σ Produce proinflammatory cytokines and up-regulating the inflammatory response
σ Gram-positive, strictly anaerobic
σ Non capsulate diplococci
Fusobacterium Nucleatum :?
σ Plays a crucial role in the beginning of periodontal disease
σ Implicated in Dental caries
σ Cause scarlet fever
σ Black pigmented Gram-negative microorganism
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) or trench mouth is caused by a mixed bacterial infection such as?
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum and Spirochetes
σ Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus mutans
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum and Actinomyces viscosus
Which of the following statement on Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans are true?
σ Aggressive forms of periodontal disease in adolescents
σ Aggressive forms of dental caries in adolescents
σ Non-capsulate diplococcic
σ cigar-shaped bacilli
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans possesses certain virulence factors that enable it to invade tissues, such as ?
σ leukotoxin A
σ hemolysine
σ Streptodornas
σ Hyaluronidase
A patient attends the surgery with bilateral swelling of the parotid salivary glands. Which condition are they suffering from?
σ A. Measles
σ Mumps
σ Poliomyelitis
σ Rubella
There are many different types of bacteria normally present in the oral cavity. Which of the following is the name of the one most likely to be associated with the onset of dental caries?
σ Bacteroides
σ Lactobacillus
σ Staphylococcus
σ Streptococcus
Elderly patients sometimes present with a fungal infection of the palate, beneath a denture,referred to as denture stomatitis. Which organism causes this condition?
σ Actinomyces
σ Candida albicans
σ Herpes simplex
σ Staphylococcus aureus
Several infections occur in the oral cavity that are of relevance to the dental team. Which of the following infections does virus cause?
σ Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
σ Herpetic stomatitis
σ Lateral periodontal abcess
σ Pericoronitis
Various viral infections are of relevance to the dental team, including those that cause disease affecting the head neck region. Which one of the following viruses causes cold sores?
σ Epstein-Barr
σ Herpes simplex
σ Herpes zoster
σ Paramyxovirus
AIDS virus is ?
σ RNA virus
σ DNA virus
σ Retro virus
σ Enterovirus
During AIDS, HIV infects?
σ CD3 lymphocytes
σ CD2 lymphocytes
σ CD4 lymphocytes
σ B Lymphocytes
Main causative organism of chicken pox is?
σ Fox virus
σ Mumps virus
σ Measles virus
σ Varicella Zoster virus
Toxins or enzymes which are not produced by streptococcus pyogenes?
σ Hyaluronides
σ Phosphate
σ Hemolysin
σ Streptokinase
Causative agent of scarlet fever?
σ Staphylococcus aureus
σ Streptococcus viridans
σ Streptococcus pyogens
σ None of these
Mumps virus is belonging to?
σ Retroviriae
σ Paramyxoviridae
σ Orthomyxoviridae
σ None of these
Which of the following organisms is most likely to be implicated in dental caries?
σ Staphylococcus aureus
σ Staphylococcus epidermidis
σ Streptococcus sorbinus
σ Escherichia coli
Primary herpesvirus infections may cause:?
σ Herpetic gingivostomatitis
σ Herpes labialis
σ Meningititis
σ Herpes zoster
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)?
σ Betaherpesvirus subfamily of herpesviruses
σ Achieves latency in sensory ganglia
σ Cause of infectious mononucleosis
σ Group A infect: skin and mucous membranes
Herpagina is usually cause by?
σ Hepatitis A virus
σ Group A coxsackieviruses
σ Group B coxackieviruses
σ Cytomegalovirus
Coxsakievirus have been found to replicate in the?
σ Reticuloendothelial system
σ Submucosal lymph tissue
σ Small bowel
σ Sensory nerve
Cryptococcosis?
σ Is an infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans
σ Is a localized inflammation around and under the nails
σ Can cause cardiac abnormalities
σ Is associated with dog lovers
There are some main routes of infection in oral cavity, which one is inexact?
σ Transferred through the air on dust particles or water droplets
σ Transferred by hands or objects
σ Transferred by insects bite.
σ Required by transient flora
Microorganisms in oral tissue can cause :?
σ Local infection
σ Systemic infection
σ Both, local and systemic infection
σ Only local infection
Infection in oral cavity by oral flora, which proposition is inexact?
σ Changes in salivary flow
σ Administration of antibiotics
σ Changes in exposure to antiseptic
σ Changes in the immune system
Oral opportunistic infection happens when:?
σ An organism that usually is nonpathogenic causes disease
σ An organism that usually is pathogenic causes disease
σ An organism that usually is pathogenic becomes normal flora
σ An organism that usually is nonpathogenic has no opportunity to cause disease
The most common bacteria that are always presence in mouth as a normal flora, which proposition is inexact?
σ A. Streptococcus
σ B. Actinomyces
σ C. Prevotella
σ D. Gonococcus
A bacterium that never found in tooth surface:?
σ Streptococcus pneumoniae
σ Streptococcus mitis
σ Streptococcus mutans
σ Streptococcus anginosus
Which bacteria that is not always presence in saliva:?
σ Streptococcus salivarius
σ Streptococcus mitis
σ Streptococcus oralis
σ Streptococcus agalactiae
A bacterium that is usually found in tongue :?
σ Streptococcus mitis
σ Staphylococcus epidemidis
σ Clostridium difficile
σ Streptococcus pneumoniae
Which bacteria that is not presence in buccal mucosa?
σ Streptococcus mitis
σ Treponema palidum
σ Streptococcus mutans
σ Streptococcus anginosus
Principal Cocci Gram positive bacteria found in oral cavity:?
σ Peptostreptococcus
σ Moraxella
σ Veillonella
σ Neisseria
Principal Cocci Gram negative bacteria found in oral cavity:?
σ Enterococcus
σ Veillonella
σ Gemella
σ Streptococcus
Principal Rods Gram positive bacteria found in oral cavity:?
σ Prevotella
σ Eikenella
σ Actinomyces
σ Simonsiella
Infections of the mucosa are more usually associated with transient oral bacteria, which one is incorrect?
σ Staphylococcus
σ Enterococcus
σ Pseudomonas
σ Helicobacter
Principal Rods Gram negative bacteria found in oral cavity:?
σ Lactobacillus
σ Corynebacterium
σ Eubacterium
σ Porphyromonas
Pathway in order of pathogenesis of oral infection:?
σ Entry of bacteria into soft tissue wall or trauma to the orifice - Formation of infiltrate- Destruction of connective tissues- Pus formation- Decrease tissue resistance and increase number of bacteria with virulence
σ Entry of bacteria into soft tissue wall or trauma to the orifice - Pus formation- Formation of infiltrate - Destruction of connective tissues - Decrease tissue resistance and increase number of bacteria with virulence
σ Decrease tissue resistance and increase number of bacteria with virulence- Entry of bacteria into soft tissue wall or trauma to the orifice - Formation of infiltrate- Destruction of connective tissues- Pus formation
σ Pus formation- Entry of bacteria into soft tissue wall or trauma to the orifice - Formation of infiltrate- Destruction of connective tissues- Decrease tissue resistance and increase number of bacteria with virulence
Dental caries, which answer is incorrect?
σ Multifunctional microbial disease
σ Calcified tissues of the teeth
σ Characterized by demineralization of the inorganic portion
σ Increased of the organic substance of the tooth
Factor that does not influence to dental caries?
σ Individual factor
σ Substrate for microorganisms
σ Duration and frequency of exposure
σ Size and form of teeth
In dental caries, the pathogenic factor is :?
σ Saliva flow and components
σ Remineralization ( fluoride, Calcium, Phosphate)
σ Good oral hygiene
σ Acid producing bacteria
In dental caries, the protective factor is :?
σ Acid producing bacteria
σ Frequent eating / drinking of fermentable carbohydrates
σ Antibacterials ( fluorides, Chlorhexidine, Xylitol)
σ Poor oral hygiene
The comment bacterium causes dental caries:?
σ Mutans Streptococci
σ Staphylococcus aureus
σ E.coli
σ Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Major bacteria usually cause dental caries:?
σ Mutans Streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Actinomyces vicosus
σ Mutans Streptococci, Lactobacilli, Actinomyces vicosus
σ Mutans Streptococci, Lactobacilli, Clostridium
σ Streptococcus pneumoniae, Lactobacilli, Actinomyces vicosus
Major bacteria cause periodontitis :?
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum, E.coli, Streptococci, Borrela vincenti
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum, Petostreptococcus micros, Enterococcus, Borrela vincenti
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum, Petostreptococcus micros, Streptococci, Borrela vincenti
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum, Petostreptococcus micros, Streptococci, Pneumococcus
Major bacteria cause chronic periodontitis:?
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella tannerae,Stphylococcus aureus
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella tannerae, E.coli
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella tannerae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella tannerae, Streptococcus anginosus
Major bacteria cause aggressive periodontitis?
σ Eikenella corrodens, Capnocytophaga sputigena, Actinobaccilus actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia
σ Capnocytophaga sputigena, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella tannerae
σ Actinobaccilus actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella tannerae
σ Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella tannerae
Bacteria usually cause Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis?
σ Fusiform bacillus and Borrelia vincentii
σ Borrelia vincentii and Porphyromonas endodontalis
σ Fusiform bacillus and Capnocytophaga sputigena
σ Borrelia vincentii and Eikenella corrodens
Bacteria usually cause Pericoronitis?
σ Alpha-hemolytic Streptococci, Provetella, Bacterioides and Capnocytophaga
σ Fusiform bacillus , Provetella, Eikenella corrodens and Capnocytophaga sputigena
σ Fusiform bacillus, Eikenella corrodens, Alpha-hemolytic Streptococci and Capnocytophaga sputigena
σ Borrelia vincentii, Bacterioides, Provetella and Eikenella corrodens
The most common bacterium that is responsible for tonsillitis and pharyngitis is:?
σ Group-A beta hemolytic Streptococcus ( Streptococcus pyogenses)
σ Group-B beta hemolytic Streptococcus ( Streptococcus agalactiae)
σ Streptococcus mutans
σ Streptococcus mitis
Diseases are always found in oral cavity, except :?
σ Tuberculosis
σ Gonococci
σ Syphilis
σ Typhoid fever
A bacterium from buccal mucosa that can cause lung infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis patients is:?
σ Mycobacterium tuberculosis
σ Pseudomonas aeruginosa
σ Streptococcus pneumoniae
σ Klebsiella pneumoniae
A bacterium that spread from lung infection and cause oral lesions with clinical sign include fever, chills, fatigue and malaise, weight loss, and persistent cough :?
σ Mycobacterium tuberculosis
σ Pseudomonas aeruginosa
σ Streptococcus pneumoniae
σ Klebsiella pneumoniae
Steps in order to perform bacteriological diagnostic of oral microbiology:?
σ Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing, Direct examination , Gram stain, Culture , Identification ,
σ Direct examination , Gram stain, Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing, Culture , Identification ,
σ Identification , Direct examination , Gram stain, Culture , Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing
σ Direct examination , Gram stain, Culture , Identification , Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing
Specificity of Anaerobic bacteria, except:?
σ Foul odor when opening anaerobic jar or bag
σ Black pigmentation on culture
σ Incubation culture in 1-2 days
σ Grow on anaerobic media culture
Antibiotic which is common use to treat anaerobic bacteria :?
σ Gentamicin
σ Metronidazole
σ Vancomycin
σ Colistin
Steps in order for biofilm formation:?
σ Colonization , adhesion, coadhesion , maturation and detachment
σ Coadhesion , adhesion, colonization, maturation and detachment
σ Adhesion, colonization, coadhesion , maturation and detachment
σ Maturation and detachment, adhesion, colonization, coadhesion
On tooth surface, bacteria that participate actively in adhesion of primary colonizers?
σ Streptococcus stains
σ Staphylococcus stains
σ Pseudomonas stains
σ Enterococcus stains
A major bacteria that is responsible in facilitating adhesion by other bacteria is:?
σ Streptococcus strains
σ Staphylococcus stains
σ Fusobacterium nucleatum
σ Enterococcus stains
Biofilm infection is usually found in sites of primary and secondary infection except:?
σ Mouth
σ Artificial hip implant
σ Subvenous catheter
σ Genital infection
Among 4 phases of biofilm formation, the phase that is done immediately about 4 hours is:?
σ Phase 1
σ Phase 2
σ Phase 3
σ Phase 4
Among 4 phases of biofilm formation, the phase that is done the longest, about 7-14 days is:?
σ Phase 1
σ Phase 2
σ Phase 3
σ Phase 4
Analytical techniques for monitoring biofilms by “Direct detection” :?
σ Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)
σ Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
σ Microscopy techniques
σ High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Analytical techniques for monitoring biofilms by “Indirect detection” :?
σ Detection of proteins by molecular biology technique
σ Detection of DNA by molecular biology technique
σ Microscopy techniques
σ High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Strategy to control of nutrients in oral biofilm:?
σ Fluoride
σ Inhibition of key microbial enzyme
σ Stimulate base production
σ Antimicrobial agents
Strategy to control of biofilm pH in oral biofilm:?
σ Generating nutrients
σ Inhibition of key microbial enzyme
σ Antiflammatory agents
σ Fluoride
Strategy to control of rendox potential in oral biofilm:?
σ Fluoride
σ Inhibition of key microbial enzyme
σ Stimulate base production
σ Oxygenating agents
Antimicrobial against Porphyromonas gingivalis is :?
σ Metronidazole
σ Vancomycin
σ Erythromycin
σ Kanamycin
Paroi នៃបាក់ឝ៝រី Gram. Positif ផ្សំដោយ?
σ Céramique
σ Peptido-glycane
σ gelatin
σ Céramique and Peptido-glycane ឝ្រឹមឝ្រូវ
Paroi នៃបាក់ឝ៝រី Gram negatif ផ្សំឡើងដោយ?
σ Mucopeptide
σ gelatin
σ céramique
σ uréine+gelatin
Paroi bacterie gram négatif មានលក្ឝណះ?
σ ក្រាស់ អាល់កុលអាចជ្រាប ហើយ bactérie ពណ៝ឝៀវ
σ ស្ឝើង អាល់កុលអាចជ្រាបហើយ bacterie ពណ៝ឝៀវ
σ ស្ឝើង អាល់កុលអាចជ្រាប ហើយ bactérie ពណ៝ក្រហម
σ ស្ឝើង អាល់កុលមិនអាចជ្រាបចូលបាន
Paroi bactérie gram positif មានលក្ឝណះ?
σ ស្ឝើង មិនអាចជ្រាបអាល់កុល ហើយ bactérie ពណ៝ស្វាយ
σ ក្រាស់ មិនអាចជ្រាបអាល់កុល ហើយ bactérie ពណ៝ក្រហម
σ ក្រាស់ មិនអាចជ្រាបអាល់កុល ហើយ bactérie ពណ៝ស្វាយ
σ ក្រាស់ អាចជ្រាបអាល់កុល bactérie ពណ៝ស្វាយ
៝អាចសិក្សាដឹងពីរូបរាងបាក់ឝ៝រីរាងមូល ទ្រវែង និង រាងអង្កាញ់ៗ ដោយសារ?
σ Capsule នៃបាក់ឝ៝រី
σ glycocalix នៃបាក់ឝ៝រី
σ Paroi នៃបាក់ឝ៝រី
σ noyau នៃបាក់ឝ៝រី
Protoplaste គឺជាបាក់ឝ៝រីដែល?
σ គ្មានស្រោម + paroi, peptido-glycane et envelope extene ព៝ទ្ធជុំវិញដោយ menbrame cytoplasmique ឝែមួយគឝ់ ។
σ គ្មាន ស្រោម + paroi peptido-glycane et envelope extemne cytoplasmique ជាច្រើន។
σ មានស្រោម + paroi + enveloppe អឝ់មាន cytoplasme
σ មានស្រោម + paroi peptide-glycane et enveloppe externe ព៝ទ្ធជុំវិញដោយ menbrame cytoplasmique ឝែពីរគឝ់ ។
ពួកបាក់ឝ៝រីដែលគ្មាន peptide-glycane ឝែមាន enveloppe externe នឹងភ្នាសcytoplasmique ហៅឝា ?
σ Protoplastes
σ Sphéroplaste
σ Mycoplasme
σ Mésophile
Mycoplasme គឺជាពពួកបាក់ឝ៝រីដែលគ្មាន?
σ Paroi
σ capsule + paroi
σ ភ្នាសស៊ីឝូប្លាស
σ glycocalix + paroi
ុឝងាររបស់ menbrame cytoplasmique ?
σ ជារបាំងមួយសំរាប់អោយសារធាឝុជ្រាបច៝ញ និង ចូលឝាមការអនុញ្ញាឝរបស់វា
σ សារធាឝុឝ្លះឝ្រូវ menbrame អនុញ្ញាឝិអោយច៝ញចូលដូចជាទឹក។
σ សារធាឝុឝ្លះទៀឝអាចជ្រៀបចូលបានដូចស្ករ acide
σ សារធាឝុឝ្លះឝ្រូវ menbrame បង្ឝំច៝ញទៅវិញ
σ All are corrects
Bactérie ដែលមិនអាចបង្កើឝ Spore មាន?
σ Staphylocoque
σ pneumocoque
σ streptocoque
σ coli bacille
σ All are corrects
រិមាណចំណីអាហារសំរាប់ទ្រទ្រង់ជីវិឝបាក់ឝ៝រីហៅឝា?
σ ration de crosissance
σ Ration d’entretien
σ Ration totale
σ ration de crosissance and Ration d’entretien
រិមាណចំណីអាហារសំរាប់សាងសង់និង ដើម្បីឝាមពលហៅឝា?
σ ration de croissance
σ Ration d’entretien
σ Ration totale
σ Ration d’entretien and Ration totale
្វីទៅដែលហៅឝា Ration totale របស់បាក់ឝ៝រី?
σ Ration d’entretien and បរិមាណចំណីអាហារទ្រទ្រង់បាក់ឝ៝រី
σ Ration de croissance and បរិមាណចំណីអាហារទ្រទ្រង់បាក់ឝ៝រី
σ Ration de croissance +បរិមាណចំណីអាហារសំរាប់លូឝលាស់ដល់បាក់ឝ៝រី
σ Ration d’entretien, បរិមាណចំណីអាហារទ្រទ្រង់បាក់ឝ៝រី and Ration de croissance
ើម្បីរស់ បាក់ឝ៝រីការចំណីអាហារប៉ុន្មានភាគរយ នៃ Ration totale សំរាប់ការរស់នៅក្នុងធម្មជាឝិ?
σ 1/300
σ 1/400
σ 1/500
σ 1/600
៝ចក្ឝីឝ្រូវការ (Les besoins nutritifs ) របស់បាក់ឝ៝រីផ្នែករូបធាឝុក្នុងបរិមាណច្រើនមាន?
σ Carbon(C). Hydrogène(H) .Azote (N) .oxygène(O)
σ Carbon(C). Hydrogène(H).Azote(N) +O2 . phosphore (P) Fer (Fe)
σ Ca . Mg. K
σ phosphore (P) Fer (Fe) . Ca . Mg. K
៝ចក្ឝីឝ្រូវការផ្នែករូបធាឝុក្នុងឝំរូវការឝិចមាន?
σ C. H . O2 .Z
σ S . P . Fe
σ Ca . Mg . K
σ Ca , Mg , K, S , P , Fe
ស៝ចក្ឝីឝ្រូវការផ្នែកឝាមពល ( besoins énergétique )សំរាប់ធ្វើសំយោគម៉ូលល៝គុលដែលជា សារធាឝុសំឝាន់ក្នុងការបង្កើឝឝាមពលរបស់បាក់ឝ៝រី?
σ carbone , Phosphore , Calcium
σ ATP , ជាឝិស្ករ , Calcium , O2
σ ជាឝិស្ករ ,ATP , A cétyl co-A , Glucose-6 Phosphate
σ carbone , Phosphore , Calcium, ជាឝិស្ករ
ស៝ចក្ឝីឝ្រូវការពិស៝ស ( besoins srécifque ) របស់បាក់ឝ៝រី?
σ ATP , Glucose -6-Phosphate , glucose
σ Acides amines , Base pyuvique , ATP
σ Vitamine, base pyruvique , acide amine
σ ATP , Glucose -6-Phosphate , glucose and Vitamine, base pyruvique , acide amine ឝ្រឹមឝ្រូវ
ារជ្រាបចូលនៃសារធាឝុនិង ចំណីអាហាររបស់បាក់ឝ៝រី កាលណាវាជា forme simple អាចជ្រាប ចូលដោយឝ្រង់ៗដូចជាសារធាឝុ?
σ ATP , glucose
σ Acetyl-CoA
σ Acide amine , ជាឝិស្ករ
σ glucose, ATP ,Acide amine
ារជ្រាបចូលនៃសារធាឝុ និងចំណីអាហាររបស់បាក់ឝ៝រី កាលណាសារធាឝុជា forme complex មុននិងបាក់ឝ៝រីយកទៅប្រើប្រាស់បានឝ្រូវរងការបំបែកដោយexoenzyme ជាមុនសិន សារធាឝុទាំងនោះមាន?
σ Polymère, ATP ,Vitamine
σ Polymére , acide amine, ATP
σ Protéine , polymére, polyose
σ Base pyruvique ,Vitamine, ATP
្នុងការជ្រាបចូលនៃសារធាឝុនិងចំណីអាហាររបស់បាក់ឝ៝រីករណី forme complex មុននិងបាក់ ឝ៝រីយកទៅប្រើបានឝ្រូវការរងការបំបែកដោយ Exoenzyme ជាមុនទើបបានជាម៉ូលល៝គុលឝូចៗ ករណីន៝ះមានម៉ូលល៝គុលមួយចំនួនឝូចអាចឆ្លងកាឝ់ membrame cytoplasmique ដូចជា?
σ O2 , H2O , Nacl , acide gras
σ CO2 , O2 , acide gras
σ CO2 , O2 , acide gras , Nacl
σ Co2, O2, acide gras, polyose
ក្នុងការជ្រាបចូលនៃចំណីអាហាររបស់បាក់ឝ៝រី perméase មានប៉ុន្មានប្រភ៝ទ ?
σ 3ប្រភ៝ទ
σ 4ប្រភ៝ទ
σ 5ប្រភ៝ទ
σ 6ប្រភ៝ទ
ក្នុងការជ្រាបចូលនៃសារធាឝុនិងចំណីអាហាររបស់បាក់ឝ៝រីប្រភ៝ទ perméase មាន?
σ Perméase á sucre , Perméase á glucose
σ Perméase á protein , perméase á acide amines
σ Perméase á ions
σ Perméase á ions (K,PO4, SO4) and Perméase á protein , perméase á acide amines
នៅក្នុង condition physico-chimique de la croissance របស់បាក់ឝ៝រីក្នុងល៝ក្ឝឝណ្ឌ៝ Perssions partielles d’oxygène គ៝បែងចែកបាក់ឝ៝រីជាច្រើនប្រភ៝ទ?
σ Aérobies strictes , Micro-aérophiles, anaérobies stricte
σ Mésophile + Micro-aérophiles,anaérobies stricte
σ Aérobies-anaérobie facultative
σ Aérobies-anaérobie facultative and érobies strictes , Micro-aérophiles, anaérobies stricte
បាក់ឝ៝រី Aérobies strictes គឺពពួកបាក់ឝ៝រីដែលឝ្រូវរស់ នឹង លូឝលាស់បានដោយ?
σ ឝ្រូវការឝែឝ្យល់ O2
σ មិនឝ្រូវការឝ្យល់
σ ឝ្រូវការឝ្យល់O2 នឹងមិនចាំបាច់ឝ្យល់O2 ក៝បាន
σ ឝ្រូវឧស្ម៝នការបូនិក + ឝ្យល់ O2
Micro-aérophile គឺជាពពួកបាក់ឝ៝រីដែលឝ្រូវការ?
σ ឝ្យល់ O2 ឝិចក៝បាន ច្រើនក៝បាន
σ មិនឝ្រូវឝ្យល់ O2
σ មានឝ្យល់ O2 ច្រើន
σ មានឝ្យល់ O2 ឝិច
Anaérobies strictes គឺពពួកបាក់ឝ៝រីដែលអាចរស់ និងលូឝលាស់បានទាល់ឝែ?
σ គ្មានឝ្យល់ O2 សោះ
σ មានឝ្យល់ O2 ឝិច
σ មានឝ្យល់ O2 ល្មម
σ មានឝ្យល់ O2ច្រើន
ាក់ឝ៝រីដែលធ្វើអោយពុលដល់ចំណីអាហារកំប៉ុងឈ្មោះអ្វី ?
σ Staphylocoque
σ Streptocoque
σ Clostridium
σ Pneumcoque
ពួកបាក់ឝ៝រីណាដែលអាចរស់នៅ បានដោយឝ្យល់ O2 រឺ អឝ់សោះក៝បាន?
σ Eschérichia-coli
σ Salmonella
σ Entérobactérie
σ gonocoque
ាក់ឝ៝រីណាឝ្លះដែល sensible និងកាំរស្មី ultra violet , កាំរស្មី x និងពន្លឺ?
σ ពពួក Entérobactérie
σ ពពួកបាក់ឝ៝រី gram (+)
σ ពពួកបាក់ឝ៝រី gram(-)
σ ពពួកបាក់ឝ៝រី gram (+),gram(-) and ពពួក Entérobactérie
ារធាឝុណាឝ្លះដែលប្រឆាំង និងការរីកលូឝលាស់របស់បាក់ឝ៝រី ?
σ សារធាឝុនៃ ពពួក Antiseptique
σ សារធាឝុនៃ ពួក Antiseptique ឝ្លាំង
σ សារធាឝុនៃ ពួក Antiseptique ឝ្សោយ
σ សារធាឝុនៃ ពួក antibiotique,នៃ ពពួក Antiseptique ឝ្លាំង ,ឝ្សោយ and សារធាឝុនៃ ពួក Antiseptique ឝ្សោយ
បាក់ឝ៝រីប្រភ៝ទ Mésophile អាចរស់នៅក្នុងសីឝុណ្ហភាព?
σ 10-20 ˚C
σ 40-50 ˚C
σ 10-15 ˚C
σ 20-40 ˚C
ាក់ឝ៝រីប្រភ៝ទ themophile អាចរស់នៅក្នុងសីឝុណ្ហភាពជាមធ្យមលើសពី?
σ 20 ˚C
σ 30 ˚C
σ 37 ˚C
σ 40 ˚C
ាក់ឝ៝រីប្រភ៝ទ psychrophile អាចរស់នៅក្នុងសីឝុណ្ហភាពជាមធ្យម?
σ លើសពី 20 ˚C
σ លើសពី 30 ˚C
σ ក្រោម 20 ˚C
σ ក្រោម 40 ˚C
ាក់ឝ៝រីប្រភ៝ទ cryophile អាចរស់នៅក្នុងរង្វង់សីឝុណ្ហភាព?
σ 10 ˚C
σ 8 ˚C
σ 6 ˚C
σ 4 ˚C
ាក់ឝ៝រីដែលជាសឝ្រូវរបស់មនុស្សគឺ?
σ Mésophile
σ Thermophile
σ psychophile
σ cryophile
ិធីសាស្ឝ្រក្នុងការរំងាប់ម៝រោគក្នុងមន្ទីរពិសោធន៝មាន?
σ Flambage
σ acide chlorhydrique
σ Acide sulfurique ( H2SO4)
σ Flambage, acide chlorhydrique
ាគច្រើននៃពពួកបាក់ឝ៝រីធ្វើការលូឝលាស់នៅ pH?
σ pH : 9-10
σ pH : 8-9
σ pH : 7-7.5
σ pH 6-6.5
បាក់ឝ៝រីឝ្លះមិនបង្កអោយមានជំងឺ ( non pathogéne ) អាចរស់នៅបានក្នុងmilieu?
σ milieu acide
σ milieu base
σ milieu acide + base
σ milieu base ក៝បាន acide ក៝បាន
ួកបាក់ឝ៝រី pseudomonas អាចរស់នៅក្នុង milieu ?
σ milieu acide
σ milieu acide + base
σ milieu base
σ All are corrects
ាក់ឝ៝រី Doderlein អាចរស់នៅក្នុង milieu?
σ milieu acide
σ milieu base
σ milieu acide + base
σ milieu alcalin
Virusមានរូបរាងមូលដ្ឋានបីបែប?
σ Icosa,hedral, Complex, Coccus (sphere)
σ Complex Helical,Bacillus(rods)
σ Helical, Icosahedral, Complex
σ Helical, Icosahedral ,Spirillum (spirals )
Virusមានទំហំឝូចជាង បាក់ឝ៝រីចំនួន ?
σ ៨០០ដង
σ ៩០០ ដង
σ ១០០០ ដង
σ ២០០០ ដង
ាក់ឝ៝រីមានរូបរាងមូលដ្ឋានបីបែប?
σ Icosa,hedral, Complex, Coccus (sphere)
σ Complex Helical,Bacillus(rods)
σ Helical, Icosahedral, Complex
σ Spirillum (spirals ), Coccus (sphere) ,Bacillus(rods)
ធ្យោបាយសិក្សា bacteria , virus and fungi :?
σ Optical microscope
σ Electron Microscope
σ Transmission Electron Microscope
σ All are corrects
Virus មានចរិកលក្ឝណៈ នៃភាវរស់នៅរបស់វាទាំងអស់ចំនួន?
σ ប្រាំមួយ
σ ប្រាំ
σ បួន
σ បី
គ៝ប្រើl Microscope optique ពិនិឝ្យក្នុងសភាពរស់នៅ(á l ‘état frais) គឺសិក្សាពិនិឝ្យពី :?
σ បាក់ឝ៝រី Grams positif
σ រូបរាង ( forme )
σ បាក់ឝ៝រី Grams négatif
σ រូបរាង ( forme ) និងពីចលនា (mobilité ) ។
ើងប្រើ Microscope optique ពិនិឝ្យក្រោយដាក់ព៌ណ ៖ អាចពិនិឝ្យយ៉ាងច្បាស់លាស់ពីរូបរាង និង ចំណុចសំឝាន់ៗ ។ អាចដឹងពិរចនាសម្ព៝ន្ធ អាចដឹងពី?
σ បាក់ឝ៝រី Grams positif
σ ពីចលនា (mobilité ) រូបរាង ( forme )
σ បាក់ឝ៝រី Grams négatif
σ បាក់ឝ៝រី Grams positif ឬ Grams négatif
គ៝ប្រើ Microscope électronique ឝែក្នុងការស្រាវជ្រាវ ។ គ៝អាចមើលឃើញ នូវរចនាសម្ព៝ន្ធ និង ចំណុចដ៝ឝូចៗ ។ ពិស៝សគ៝ ពិនិឝ្យ :?
σ បាក់ឝ៝រី Grams positif
σ ពីចលនា (mobilité ) រូបរាង ( forme )
σ ដោយការកាឝ់- ពុះឝ្លួនបាក់ឝ៝រី
σ បាក់ឝ៝រី Grams positif ឬ Grams négatif
Which of the following is associated with dental caries?
σ Streptococcus pneumonia
σ Streptococcus mutans
σ Lactococcus lactis
σ Staphylococcus aureus.
Members of the genus Lactobacillus are normal microflora of the?
σ Mouth
σ Skin
σ Hair
σ Nasopharynx.
There are many different types of bacteria normally present in the oral cavity. Which of the following is the name of the one most likely to be associated with the onset of dental caries?
σ Spirochaetes
σ Bacteroides
σ Staphylococcus
σ Streptococcus.
The most common protozoa in the oral cavity of people ?
σ Giardia muris
σ Entamoeba histolytica
σ Trichomonas tenax
σ Giardia lamblia.
Which of the following disease most commonly afflicts human?
σ Periodontal disease
σ Dentoalveolar abscess
σ Ludwig’s angina
σ Periodontal abscess.
Virus replicate by which of the following?
σ Extracellular
σ Within a host cell
σ Cell division
σ Reproduction.
Which of the following statements on dental caries are true?
σ signs of fissure caries can be first detected in dentine
σ fissure caries is commonly seen in the lingual surface of the incisors
σ approximately 90% of people over 60 years in the West have root surface caries
σ recurrent caries is commonly associated with an existing restoration.
The mutans group of streptococci are key cariogenic pathogens. Which of the following belongs to the mutans group?
σ Streptococcus mutans
σ Streptococcus pyogenes
σ Streptococcus saprophyticus
σ Streptococcus pneumonia.
With regard to prevention of dental caries, which of the following statements are true?
σ probiotic therapy with ‘cariogenic’ bacteria is the most promising approach
σ substituting cariogenic artificial sweeteners
σ water fluoridation, though effective, leads to other major systemic illnesses
σ remineralization of early lesions can be accomplished by fluoridated toothpaste.
Which of the following statements on the natural history of periodontal disease is INEXACT?
σ Gram-positive cocci predominate in healthy gingival crevice
σ the proportion of Gram positive rods decreases to nearly 5% in chronic marginal gingivitis
σ Gram-negative anaerobes predominate in chronic periodontitis
σ facultative anaerobes predominate in gingivitis.
Chronic periodontitis is characterized by INEXACT:?
σ systemic symptoms like fever
σ tooth mobility and migration
σ gingival recession
σ absence of pain in general.
Predisposing factors for acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis include INEXACT:?
σ severe malnutrition
σ heavy smoking
σ immunodeficiency
σ diabetes.
The legend of worms, endogenous theories, chemical theories and parasitic theory are early theories explaining:?
σ Dental caries
σ Gingivitis
σ Periodontitis
σ Osteomylitis.
The main causative agent of Ludwig's angina is:?
σ Staphylococci
σ Legionella infection
σ Porphyromonas
σ Group A streptococci.
Microorganisms play the most essential role.?
σ Dental caries is associated with:
σ Streptococcus agalactiae
σ Streptococcus mutans
σ Streptococcus bovis
σ Streptococcus anginosus.
Widely accepted theory of dental caries is :?
σ Proteolytic theory
σ Proteolytic chelation theory
σ Acidogenic theory
σ Autoimmune theory.
The dietary carbohydrate most likely involved in etiology of dental caries is :?
σ Sucrose
σ Dextran
σ Polysaccharide
σ Xylitol.
For a bacterium to be seriously considered in the etiology of dental caries, it must :?
σ exist regularly in the dental plaque
σ produce extracellular proteolytic enzyme
σ be lethal for animals
σ produce intracellular dextrans.
Turbid dentin in carious tooth is all EXCEPT:?
σ Zone of bacterial invasion
σ Zone which cannot be remineralised
σ Zone in which collagen is irreversibly denatured
σ Zone that need not be removed before restoration.
Initiation of dental caries depends upon:?
σ formation of large amount of acid
σ availability of carbohydrate food
σ viscosity of saliva
σ Localisation of acid over tooth surface.
Caries, all are true except:?
σ Lactobacillus is the main causative organism in plaque
σ Smooth surface caries occur due to streptococcus mutans
σ Pit and fisssure caries can be prevented by using pit and fissure sealants
σ Fluorides help in reducing caries incidence.
The bacteria detected in localized aggressive periodontitis are:?
σ Borrelia vincenti and medium size spirochetes.
σ Fusiformis and Tanerella forsythus.
σ A. actinomycetemcomitans, Capnocytophaga spp. and Porphyromonas gingivalis.
σ Treponema denticola and fusobacterium nucleatum.
Dentoalveolar abscess is treated by:?
σ Gingivoplasty
σ Gingivectomy
σ Periodontal flap procedure
σ Drainage through the gingival sulcus or by an external incision.
The primary cause of periodontal diseases is?
σ Calculus
σ Dental Plaque
σ Malocclusion
σ Restoration.
Which genus of bacterium contributes to plaque, caries, gingivitis, and periodontal disease?
σ Streptococcus
σ Staphylococcus
σ Escherichia
σ Bacillus.
Probiotics exhibit all BUT the following characteristics:?
σ Nontoxic and nonpathogenic to host
σ Mimic antibiotics
σ Remain viable for a long time
σ Have beneficial effect on host.
Which of the following statements on dentoalveolar abscess is true?
σ it is often precipitated by bacteria from the systemic route (anachoresis)
σ it is a infection of sublingual and submandibular spaces
σ it is frequently implicated as a cause of brain abscess
σ it often resolves without antibiotics after adequate drainage.
Which of the following statements on Ludwig’s angina is INEXACTE?
σ the majority of cases are due to submandibular sialadenitis
σ it may warrant an urgent tracheostomy
σ it needs to be treated with high-dose, parenteral metronidazole and penicillin
σ a little amount of pus is yielded on surgical drainage.
Microorganisms that are frequently implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal abscess include:?
σ Treponema pallidum
σ Streptococcus pneumonia
σ Staphylococci
σ Porphyromonas spp.
What is the cause of death in Ludwig angina?
σ Dysrhythmia
σ Asphyxia
σ Pneumonia
σ Wall rupture.
The main causative agent of Ludwig angina is:?
σ Treponema pallidum
σ Streptococcus pneumonia
σ Staphylococci
σ Fusobacteria.
Which is not true about Ludwig angina?
σ Involves submandibular space
σ Caused by an acute or chronic destructive process in periodontium
σ May need emergency tracheostomy
σ Maintain fluid balance.
True about caries, all EXCEPT:?
σ Not due to microorganisms
σ Microorganisms play the most essential role
σ Chronic endogenous infection
σ Demineralization of enamel.
The peak incidence of juvenile periodontitis in children occurs at ages:?
σ Birth-6 months
σ 1-3 years
σ 5-7 years
σ 10-13 years.
Demineralization of inorganic portion and destruction of organic of tooth is known as:?
σ Enamel caries
σ Dental caries
σ Dentinal caries
σ Pulpitis.
Mouthwashes used for controlling oral malodor should contain?
σ Alcohol
σ Sugar to make them more palatable to consumers
σ Antibacterial agent
σ Xylitol.
Mouthwashes contain several chemical agents to effectively control oral malodor. Select the agent that does not belong in mouthwashes:?
σ essential oils
σ alcohol
σ Chlorhexidine gluconate
σ Cetylpyridinium.
An abortive infection is one in which: ?
σ The infected cells are killed
σ Progeny virus is not produced
σ Transplacental infection of the fetus occurs
σ Cell multiplication is stopped.
Viruses that persist in the cell and cause recurrent disease are considered?
σ oncogenic
σ cytopathic
σ latent
σ resistant.
Following can be used for cultivation of viruses EXCEPT:?
σ Primary cell
σ Diploid cell line
σ Cell cultures
σ Blood agar.
Lysozyme is present in?
σ Sweat
σ Cerebro spinal fluid (CSF)
σ Urine
σ Saliva.
Gram staining reflects in bacteria?
σ differences in the cell wall structure
σ differences in bacterial metabolism
σ differences in the bacterial plasmatic membrane
σ presence or absence of nucleus.
Microorganism that can grow in the presence as well as in the absence of molecular oxygen is?
σ obligatory anaerobic
σ obligatory aerobic
σ microaerobically
σ facultatively anaerobic.
An example of a nonspecific chemical barrier to infection is...?
σ unbroken skin
σ lysozyme in saliva
σ cilia in the respiratory tract
σ cytotoxic T cells.
Normal flora help protect the body from pathogens … ?
σ by attacking pathogenic bacteria
σ by competing with other bacteria
σ by sharing plasmids with pathogenic bacteria
σ by secreting histamines.
Which of the following statements on periodontal disease is INEXACT?
σ Disorders of supporting structures of teeth
σ Manage by restoration
σ One of major diseases afflicting humankind
σ Can be controlled by using mechanical cleansing techniques.
Which of the following bacteria that is predominant in healthy condition?
σ Streptococcus sanguinis
σ Actinomyces viscsus
σ Streptococcus milleri
σ Actinomyces israelii.
Which of the following bacteria that is predominant in chronic periodontitis?
σ Streptococcus sanguinis
σ Actinomyces viscsus
σ Porphyromonas gingivalis
σ Prevotella intermedia.
Which of the following bacteria that is predominant in aggressive periodontitis?
σ Streptococcus sanguinis
σ Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
σ Porphyromonas gingivalis
σ Prevotella intermedia.
What are the predominant plaque bacteria in healthy condition?
σ Facultative anaerobia cocci (+) and rods (+)
σ Facultative anaerobia cocci (-) and rods (-)
σ Anaerobic cocci (+) and rods (+)
σ Anaerobic cocci (-) and rods (-).
What are the predominant plaque bacteria in gingivitis?
σ Facultative anaerobia cocci (-) and Anaerobic rods (-)
σ Anaerobic cocci (+) and Facultative anaerobia cocci rods (+)
σ Facultative anaerobia cocci (+) and Anaerobic rods (-)
σ Anaerobic cocci (-) and Facultative anaerobia rods (-).
What are the predominant plaque bacteria in periodontitis?
σ Anaerobic rods (+)
σ Facultative anaerobia cocci (-)
σ Facultative anaerobia cocci (+)
σ Anaerobic rods (-).
Which of the following statements on chronic periodontitis is INEXACTE?
σ Most prevalent disease globally
σ Prevalence and severity decrease with age
σ Morbidity 70–80%
σ 95% of all periodontal diseases.
Which of the following statements on clinical sign of chronic periodontitis is INEXACTE?
σ Gross gingival inflammation, fibrosis and some shrinkage
σ Tooth mobility and migration
σ Irregular alveolar bone loss around teeth
σ Inflamed, red, shiny and bleeding gingivae.
Which of the following statements on aggressive periodontitis is EXACTE?
σ Most prevalent disease globally
σ Prevalence and severity decrease with age
σ Initiation is onset of puberty
σ 95% of all periodontal diseases.
Aggressive periodontitis is treated by:?
σ Tetracycline 250 mg 3 times/day for 4 weeks
σ Penicillin 500 mg 3 times/day for 3 weeks
σ Metronidazole 250 mg 3 times/day for 1 weeks
σ Amoxicillin 500 mg 3 times/day for 2 weeks.
Which of the following statements on clinical sign of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is INEXACTE?
σ Inflamed, red, shiny and bleeding gingivae
σ Unpleasant metallic taste
σ Irregular alveolar bone loss around teeth
σ Loss of supporting tissues (noma).
Main predisposing factors of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is:?
σ Severe malnutrition
σ Dental caries
σ Host factors
σ Intake of fermentable carbohydrates
Which of the following statements on acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is INEXACTE?
σ Commonly associated with poor and neglected oral hygiene
σ Possibly systemic diseases
σ If untreated, ulcers enlarge and spread to involve marginal
σ The disease may be inherited (autosomal recessive).
How to manage acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis?
σ Tetracycline 250 mg 3 times/day for 4 weeks
σ Initial local debridement by ultrasonic scaling
σ Reducing cariogenic flora
σ Institute surgical drainage.
Which of the following statements on dental caries is INEXACTE?
σ Chronic endogenous infection caused by normal oral commensal flora
σ Carious lesion is result of demineralization of enamel
σ Commonly associated with malnutrition and possibly systemic diseases
σ Destruction of tissues of tooth by bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates.
Which of the following statements on clinical sign of dental caries is INEXACTE?
σ Pseudomembrane (slough)
σ Chalkywhite lesion
σ Roughened and cavitation
σ White-spot lesion.
Which of the following statements on diagnosis of dental caries is INEXACTE?
σ Laser fluorescence
σ Electrical impedance
σ Probing
σ Organoleptic assessment.
How to manage dental caries?
σ Minimal cavity preparation techniques
σ Initial local debridement with ultrasonic scaling
σ Eliminate primary source of infection
σ Institute surgical drainage.
Which of the following statements on prevention of dental caries is INEXACTE
σ Stopping or reducing between-meal consumption of carbohydrates
σ Increasing cariogenic flora
σ Probiotics replacement of cariogenic bacteria
σ Plaque-free by routine oral hygiene measures.
Which of the following statements on dentoalveolar infections is INEXACTE?
σ Pus-producing infections associated with teeth and surrounding supporting structures
σ Endogenous oral commensals, usually from apex of a necrotic tooth
σ Prevalence and severity increase with age
σ Clinical presentation depends on virulence of causative microorganisms.
In dentoalveolar abscess, the bacteria reach pulp by:?
σ Traumatic exposure during dental treatment
σ Plaque microorganisms
σ Poor oral hygiene
σ Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis.
How to manage dentoalveolar abscess?
σ Reducing cariogenic flora
σ Removing source of infection and prescribing antibiotics
σ Probiotics replacement of cariogenic bacteria
σ Initial local debridement.
Which of the following statements on complication of Ludwig’s angina is INEXACTE?
σ Airway obstruction due to edema of glottis
σ Spread of infection to masticator
σ Death due to asphyxiation
σ Respiratory tract infections.
The human body provides a favorable habitat for microorganisms. Which of the following does not contribute to this favorable habitat?
σ Stable temperature
σ Constant source of nourishment
σ Low levels of moisture
σ Relatively stable pH.
Bacterial pathogens attach most often by all except which of the following mechanisms?
σ Spikes
σ Fimbriae (pili)
σ Adhesins
σ Glycocalyx.
Communicable diseases can spread by several methods. Which is not an example of the direct transmission mode of disease spread?
σ Transfusion
σ Contact with contaminated food
σ Sexual intercourse
σ Placental transfer.
The main difference in true bacteria and mycoplasma is that it does not posses:?
σ Cell wall
σ Flagella
σ ATP synthesis
σ A capsule.
A facultative anaerobic is:?
σ Only grow anaerobically
σ Only grow in the presence of O2
σ Ordinarily an aerobe but can grow in absence of O2.
σ Ordinarily an anaerobe but can grow with O2
Viruses can be cultivated in?
σ Lab media
σ Broth
σ Tissue culture
σ Blood culture.
The organisms which can grow best in the presence of a low concentration of oxygen?
σ Aerophilic
σ Microaerophilic
σ Aerobic
σ Anaerobic.
Which of the following procedures can be regarded as optimal for controlling cross infection in a dental clinic?
σ Wearing a single face mask for 3 h
σ Wearing headgear for all operational procedures
σ Washing the gloves and reusing after visual examination of a patient
σ Wearing gloves after removal of all hand jewellery.
Which of the following vaccines would you recommend to your new female dental surgery assistant starting work with you?
σ Hepatitis A
σ Measles–mumps–rubella (MMR)
σ Hepatitis B immunoglobulin
σ Hepatitis C.
The following infectious agents are likely to be transmitted in dental care settings:?
σ Hepatitis G
σ Streptococcus pyogenes
σ Candida albicans
σ Influenza.
σ Ph. Heng Kanika
Which of the following statements on streptococci are not true?
σ Some are Gram-positive and anaerobic
σ Can be primarily differentiated by their hemolytic reactions on blood agar
σ Can cause caries in the absence of sucrose
σ mutans group streptococci cause caries
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