Anatomy Dally Quiz Day 01

An 18-year-old male patient from Kolkata has suffered a severe laceration in the right forearm in a work-related accident in a machine shop. His right hand has no sensory function in the medial part of the palm and the medial one and half digits. When the patient attempts to flex the wrist joint, the hand is drawn to the lateral side. When you ask the patient to make a fist, the patient cannot flex his fourth or fifth digits at the distal interphalangeal joints. These signs are typical of a lesion of which of the following?

A 60-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer has had a surgical lumpectomy with radical axillary node dissection. A neck exploration was performed for an enlarged cervical node secondary to concern about metastatic disease. Several weeks into her subsequent radiation treatment, she presents with a swollen right arm and swollen fingers along with right facial edema that is most pronounced around the orbit. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these findings?

Damage to the fibers of trapezius muscle would most likely impair which of the following movements?

While lying supine in bed eating, a child aspirates a peanut. Which of the following bronchopulmonary segments would this foreign object most likely enter?

Which of the following anatomical structures crosses directly posterior to the ductus deferens?

What is the innervation of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?

A 20-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with several deep lacerations on the medial side of her wrist after a suicide attempt.. The function of which of the following muscles might be affected by these wounds?

An obese patient is brought into the emergency room in shock and in need of intravenous fluids. No superficial veins can be seen or palpated. The emergency room physician decides to make a incision to locate the great saphenous vein for the insertion of a cannula (“saphenous cutdown”). In which of the following locations should the incision be made?

A patient had an injury of foot when knife has dropped on the foot in kitchen. The emergency room physician evaluating the patient notes that a tendon that inserts onto the plantar surface of the base of the distal 3rd phalanx has been severed. The patient is no longer able to plantar flex that toe. This tendon arises from a muscle that originates from which of the following structures?

An 21-year-old basketball player is brought to the emergency department because of a knee injury. He claims that he feels no pain but he heard a popping sound when his body twisted in a different direction than his feet. Physical examination reveals that his right knee is filled with fluid. The physician bends the patient’s right knee about 30 degrees, stabilizes the femur, places one hand behind the proximal tibia, and pulls forward. Approximately 1 cm of translation is found on the right knee, whereas there is no translation on the left. What ligament was most likely damaged?

Lack of vitamin D gives rise to the disease osteomalacia characterized progressive softening and bending of the bones.. Under normal conditions, the osteoid is found along which of the following locations?

In the histogenesis of the neural tube, which zone will become the white matter of the adult CNS?

At the caudal medulla, most fibers contained within the medullary pyramids cross the midline at the deccussation of the pyramids. Fibers which cross proceed into the spinal cord as the:

A patient working as railway cooolie who carries a lot of luggage as backpack complains of pain and paresthesia in the right upper limb. This patient also displays decrease in skin temperature, easy fatigability, and Raynaud’s phenomenon in the right upper limb. She has edema in her right hand with distended superficial veins and cyanosis. As you palpate his radial artery, the nurse assistant draws the patient’s shoulder inferiorly and posteriorly; this maneuver results in weakening of the pulse of the radial artery. Because he tested positive, you record a diagnosis of costoclavicular syndrome. The test was positive because which of the following arteries was compressed?

A patient arrives in the emergency room after having suffered severe head trauma in a motorcycle accident. Radiographic studies of the head reveal a basilar skull fracture in the region of the foramen ovale. Which of the following functional losses would most likely be related to this injury?

Which of the following is true of neural tube development?

A newborn infant suffers from a postolateral defect on the left side of the body. His abdominal contents have herniated through the defect into the thoracic cavity, and as a result, the infant suffers from pulmonary hypoplasia. His breathing difficulty is life threatening because the herniation has inhibited lung development and inflation. This congenital defect is due to a malformation of which of the following?

A 20-year-old male patient has a small penetrating laceration 3.5 cm lateral to the lateral canthus. What structure must be evaluated before commencing repair of the laceration?

A 11-year-old boy presents with a severely damaged nail on his index finger, after accidentally crushing the finger while closing a door. A decision is made to excise the injured nail. In preparation for the procedure, the physician would most likely anesthetize a branch of the

The sensory innervation of the mediastinal pleura is mediated by which of the following?

The smallest active functional unit (including conduction and air exchange) of the lung is

Wrist drop is due to loss of which of the following muscles?

A patient arrives in the emergency room after having been stabbed. He has suffered a penetrating wound in the left fourth intercostal space immediately lateral to the sternal border. Which of the following thoracic structures is most likely to have been injured?

If the nerves passing through the jugular foramen were severed as a result of the cranial fracture, one muscle that would remain functional is the

The principal proteoglycan with which collagen type IV interacts is

Which of the following is the underlying cause of indirect hernia ?

A 43-year-old man presents complaining of pain in the groin. On examination, his physician palpates a bulge in the region of the superficial inguinal ring, which he diagnoses as a direct inguinal hernia. The hernial sac most likely

An inflammatory process in the temporal bone has resulted in a swelling of the facial nerve within the facial canal. Which muscle may be paralyzed as a result of this compression?

The inferior colliculus is located in the tectum of the mesencephalon. Which of the following statements about the inferior colliculus is correct?

A 27-year-old male presents with scrotal enlargement. Physical examination, including scrotal transillumination, reveals the presence of a testicular cyst containing clear fluid. This abnormality most likely results from fluid accumulating within the

A 49-year-old female is brought into the emergency room by her husband because she has been complaining of a severe headache. Physical exam reveals ptosis of the right eyelid with the right eye facing down and out. There is a fixed and dilated right pupil with an inability to accommodate. Subarachnoid blood appears on noncontrast CT scan. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) would be expected to reveal an aneurysm of which of the following vessels?

A 49-year-old woman presents with a pain in the left leg that worsens on weight-bearing. An x-ray shows demineralization and a decalcified (EDTA-treated) biopsy shows reduction in bone quantity. The patient had undergone menopause at age 45 without estrogen replacement. She reports long-standing diarrhea. In addition, laboratory tests show low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus and elevated alkaline phosphatase. A second bone biopsy, which was not decalcified, shows uncalcified osteoid on all the bone surfaces. On the basis of these data, your diagnosis would be

A 35-year-old pregnant female patient, who works as a waitress, has stasis dermatitis of the legs due to stasis ulcers. Examination reveals severe varicose veins in the legs with bleeding varicosities. Initial failure of which of the following structures in the veins leads to this condition?

A violin player is devastated since she cannot feel the vibration of the violin strings as well as she used to. Which of the following mechanoreceptors is mainly responsible for sensation of fast vibration?

The adductor muscles of thigh are innervated by which of the following?

A 28-year-old male patient suffering from head trauma resulting from a car accident is brought unconsciousness to the emergency room. In per forming the pupillary light reflex, you notice that even though the left pupil constricts when you shine a light directly into the left eye, it does not do so when you shine a light into the right eye. This is best explained by a disconnection between which of the following bilateral structures?

A surgeon is performing a cholecystectomy. Within which of the following peritoneal structures is the cystic artery located?

A patient is found to have internal (medially directed) strabismus of the left eye, paralysis of the muscles of facial expression on the left side, hyperacusis (louder perception of sounds) of the left ear, and loss of taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue on the left. The mouth is somewhat drier than normal. In addition, in the left eye there is a lack of tearing, and a blink reflex cannot be elicited from the stimulation of either the right or the left cornea. There is accompanying upper motor neuron paralysis of the right side of the body. Internal strabismus (deviation of the eye medially) results from paralysis of which of the following cranial nerves?

The lingual artery arises directly from which of the following arteries?

A cranial fracture through the foramen rotundum that compresses the enclosed nerve results in

When is ductus arteriosus functionally closed after birth?

SA node cells that control the rate of the heart beat are found

A knife wound to the neck damages the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. Which of the following muscles would be most likely to be paralyzed?

A neural pathway that originates in the raphe’ nucleus of the medulla and is thought to be important in producing non-REM sleep contains the following neurotransmitter:

An otherwise healthy 42-year-old female receptionist presents with burning and tingling in her hands, the right worse than the left. These symptoms often occur at night and are relieved by vigorous shaking or exercising of the hands. She also describes occasional numbness and a feeling of swelling in the thumbs and index fingers. Percussion of the volar surface of the wrist would most likely produce parasthesias or pain in the distribution of which of the following nerves?

Fructose, a source of energy for spermatozoa, is found primarily in secretions from the

Molecules secreted into the circulation by the renal cortex include

Perception of fine touch in glabrous skin is performed by which of the following sensory receptors?

Occlusion of branches of the posterior spinal artery that irrigate the dorsomedial portion of the left side of the caudal medulla might result in damage to a pathway conveying somatosensory signals. If this is the case, which of the following symptoms might be observed?

Retinal detachment most commonly results from

A 45-year-old female patient develops Parinaud’s syndrome (vertical gaze palsy) and an MR scan shows a large tumor of her pineal gland. The tumor is not only compressing her tectum, causing the vertical gaze palsy, but also obstructing the underlying cerebrospinal fluid pathway causing progressive noncommunicating hydrocephalus. The obstruction causes immediate accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in which of the following?

Which of the following arteries is found posterior to the medial malleolus?

Pain and temperature sensations from the extremities ascend in the spinal cord in the

A 7-year-old child presents with 2 months of morning headaches associated with vomiting, gait ataxia, and papilledema. Where is the lesion?

A 13-year-old patient presents to the emergency department after a fall from his bicycle. There is a large hematoma in the middle of the posterior upper arm. The patient is also unable to extend his wrist. Which of the following arteries was most likely lacerated?

Which of the following is true regarding recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Which of the following structures is found in the lateral wall of the tonsillar fossa?

A diabetic swimmer presents to the family practice clinic complaining of ear pain. A greenish discharge is present and, on examination, manipulation of the tragus elicits extreme tenderness. Speculum examination reveals an infection localized to the anterior half of the external ear canal. Which of the following nerves transmits the painful sensations this patient is experiencing?

In the PNS, after a distal portion of an axon has undergone Wallerian (or anterograde) degeneration, what part of the distal axon and its sheath remains?

A man presents to the emergency room with a stab wound to his left side. Examination reveals a very deep wound at the left midaxillary line in the region of the ninth through eleventh ribs. The organ most likely at risk of damage from this wound has what histological feature associated with it?

Patient is having an EEG performed on him. The layer of the cortex that has greatest influence on brain waves is:

External elastic lamina, found separating the tunica media from the outer tunica adventitia, is present in which one of the following types of blood vessels?

With which of the following dural venous sinuses does the superior ophthalmic vein directly communicate?

The small groups of nerve cell bodies associated with the autonomic nervous system throughout the digestive tract known as Meissner’s plexus are best described as being located within which one of the following layers of the digestive tract?

The following statements are true of smooth muscle as opposed to skeletal muscle:

Acute mediastinitis following forceful rupture of the esophagus is seen in which of the following conditions?

Patient is able to remember small bits of information perfectly for seconds or minutes if not distracted, but she in unable to consolidate these into long-term storage. This is often seen with a lesion of the:

Perilymph is located in which of the following structures?

Following a difficult delivery, a baby is noted to have unilateral loss of function of the intrinsic hand muscles with accompanying numbness along the inner aspect of the hand. The baby most probably has which of the following?

A pituitary adenoma that expands superiorly and compresses the central portion of the optic chiasm will result in

A person lifts one foot prior to taking a step. Which of the following nerves innervates the muscle group that allows the person to maintain balance by holding the weight of his body over the foot remaining on the ground?

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome occurs in several forms. In type IV disease there is a defect in type III collagen synthesis. Which of the following symptoms would be most expected in a patient with this disorder?

A patient presents with a chief complaint of chronic nosebleeds. To control the severity of these nosebleeds, his physician decides to ligate the sphenopalatine artery. From which of the following arteries does the sphenopalatine artery arise?

A 64-year-old retired section clerk from Andhra pradesh secratariat is a long-term smoker and has a sedentary life style. He has a chronic cough, which has worsened in the past 2 years. He has also developed a bulge in the groin area. On examination, you observe that the elongated swelling is located at the medial end of the inguinal ligament, superior and medial to the pubic tubercle. You can also detect the pulse of the inferior epigastric artery lateral to this bulge. Which of the following is the correct diagnosis?

A patient with a developing astroglioma is the primary auditory cortex (Brodmann’s area 41) complains of hearing unusual noises. What is the main source of subcortical input to the primary auditory cortex?

A 18-year-old girl is brought into the emergency room with severe abdominal pain and a fever. Laboratory examination is remarkable for an elevated white blood cell count and a pregnancy test is positive. Upon questioning, it is determined that she attempted to terminate her pregnancy by inserting a sharp object her vagina. The physician determines that the wall of the posterior fornix of the vagina has been penetrated. Into what region did the sharp object penetrate?

Which of the following is the most likely matched location of the numbness and the nerve responsible?

The hip joint has a wide range of movement, but less so that the shoulder joint. Some of the movement has been sacrificed in order to provide strength and stability. Extension of the thigh is limited by:

A patient has persistent paraesthesia of the medial aspect of the upper arm after a mastectomy. The most likely reason is injury to the:

A 64-year-old man has had recurring nasal hemorrhages following surgery to remove nasal polyps. To control the bleeding, the surgeon is considering ligating the primary arterial supply to the nasal mucosa. This artery is a direct branch of which of the following arteries?

A healthy 14-year-old female with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections undergoes bilateral tonsillectomy. While performing the procedure, the surgeon accidentally damages the nerve that lies in the tonsillar fossa, deep to the palatine tonsil. Which of the following functional losses is likely to result from this injury?

Which of the following is characteristic of femoral hernias?

A patient presents with right eye ptosis, a dilated right pupil, and left-sided hemiplegia. No sensory loss or alteration of consciousness is noted. What is the name of this clinical syndrome?

The inferior mesenteric artery arises from the abdominal aorta immediately posterior to which of the following organs?

The last segment of the gastrointestinal tract to become fully closed into a tube and separated from the yolk sac is the

In the upper extremity, each major nerve passes between two heads of a muscle. The median nerve passes between the

A 70-year-old man presents with marked truncal ataxia, especially with standing and walking, and no significant dysmetria involving the limbs. If his lesion is in the cerebellum, the part most likely to be affected is the:

Compression of obturator nerve result in weakness of which of the following muscles?

Tropocollagen is not assembled in the cell because of the

When testing the sensory innervations of the face, it is important to remember that the skin of the tip of the nose is supplied by the:

The eyelids and the orbicularis oculi muscle play a very important role in protecting the cornea by distributing a film of secretion with every blink. A lesion of which nerve will jeopardize this mechanism?

A 43 – year – old man presents to the emergency department complaining of malaise, fever, and a productive cough. Chest auscultation and examination reveal decreased fremitus and dullness on percussion. Chest films show a consolidation immediately inferior to the horizontal fissure. What is the most likely site of localization of consolidation?

A patient presents with symptom s characteristic of meningitis; therefore a sample of CSF is required for diagnosis. Of the following choices, which best describes the anatomical structures encountered during an Lumbar pucture?

A 25 – year – old man presents to the emergency department complaining of a severe headache, stiff neck, and fever. While waiting for treatment, the patient has a seizure. A neurologist suspects meningitis, and performs a lumbar puncture on the patient. Immediately after the needle passes through the interlaminar space between the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae, which space does it enter/

Compression of obturator nerve result in weakness of which of the following muscles?

What would be a very simple course of action after a pelvic fracture to determine if there is damage to the obturator nerve?

Anionic proteins, such as insulin and transferrin, cross capillary endothelial cells primarily via

Which of the following best describes the course of the ureters in the female pelvis

A 48 – year – old female who is a known case of Hypertension collapsed to the ground . She was experiencing uncontrolled flailing of the left arm and leg. What is the most likely site of brain lesion in this patient?

A 6 – year – old, who is learning to ride a bike, falls and fractures her clavicle. Which muscle will help prevent the fractured bone from damaging the subclavian vessels or large nerves of the arm/