The Use of Force Quiz 1
Deterrence fails quite often. What are the main reasons?
The deterring party does not communicate the deterrence threat and conditions (red lines) effectively.
The aggressive party can act irrationally and ignore the deterrent threat no matter how convincing it is.
The deterring party does not possess sufficient credible capabilities to enact successful deterrence.
All of the above
Your government possess signal and imaging intelligence that an enemy state is about to launch a missile strike. You are ordered to immediately attack the enemy missile site with stand-off weapons before they can launch. The strike was successful. Later at the UN, your government states that is was a ___________ _____________ in order to defend your state.
Preventative Strike
Compellent Strike
Preemptive Strike
Offensive Strike
Conventional Deterrence is....
A passive strategy designed to ensure that an actor does not undertake something which may be against your interests. It centres around the deployment of conventional capabilities.
A passive strategy designed to ensure that an actor does not undertake something which may be against your interests. It involves the use of both conventional and nuclear weapons.
An active strategy designed to persuade your opponent that they should undertake a policy action in you interest.
The US, South Korea and the rest of the world have imposed heavy sanctions on North Korea to make it stop producing nuclear weapons. What strategy is this?
This is a compellent strategy as it is trying to force North Korea to stop making nuclear weapons.
This is a deterrence strategy as it is trying to prevent North Korea from developing weapons.
Your border is being threatend by an enemy who is concentrating forces and is preparing an attack. In response, you deploy your ground and air forces in defensive positions. You will not attack first, but hope that these deployments will deter any potential attack. This kind of deterrence is....
Immediate deterrece by punishment
General, deterrence by denial
General, deterreny by punishment
Immediate deterrence by denial.
The US Navy deploys an aircraft carrier off the coast of Iran. The US president states that if Iran attacks any US interests in the Middle East, the US Navy will launch attacks against high value targets in Iran. This is....
Immediate deterrence by punishment
Immediate deterrece by denial
A compellence strategy designed to force Iran to stop attacking
General deterrence by punhishment
Credibility is the 'magic ingrediant of deterrence'. One element of credibility is capabilities. What are potential credible capabilities in terms of deterrence?
Sufficient military capabilities which can defeat an enemy and ensure overall wartime victory.
Sufficient military capabilities that can impose costs on enemy that will reduce the benefit of an attack.
Sufficient military capabilities that can destroy an entire enemy and conquer their state.
All of the above.
Strategic nuclear detterence is often described as being more stable than conventional deterrence. Why is that?
Nuclear weapons are generally more destructive than other kinds of weapons.
If two states have second strike capability, they can ensure the destruction of each other.
Nuclear weapons are less likely to be used than other weapons.
Nuclear weapons are only possessed by a few states in the international system.
During the Cold War, NATO deployed troops in the western half of Berlin. What was their purpose.
To defend Berlin in case of a war as they had superior military capabilities than the USSR.
To prepare for potential offensive operations against the USSR.
To act as a trip wire, ensuring if they died, NATO and in particular the US would be forced to respond.
To assist in aid operations as Berlin was cut off from the rest of West Germany,
NATO ensures that if one member is attacked all others will respond. This is called Article 5 and is a good example of extended deterrence. But in a gray zone or hybrid conflict the credibiltiy of such extended deterrence is tested. Why?
Attacks in the gray zone or using hybrid methods are often difficult to attribute so it is hard to deter them or trigger extended deterrence measures.
Attacks in the Gray Zone often occur below the threshold of conflict so it is difficult to trigger extended deterrence.
Attacks in the gray zone such as cyber warfare may not be immediately damaging, but will have longer term conseqeunces, such as election tampering. This makes it hard to justify the use of extended deterrence.
All of the above.
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