Case Study MCQ
An action potential occurs when..
The neuron polarizes
The neuron depolarizes
The neuron depolarizes and repolarizes
The neuron becomes neutral
The presacral vertebrae, from superior to inferior, are..
Lumbar region (L1-L5), Thoracic region (T1-T12), Cervical region (C1C7)
Cervical region (C1-C6), Lumbar region (L1-L5), Thoracic region (T1-T14)
Cervical region (C1-C7), Thoracic region (T1-T12), Lumbar region (L1-L5)
Thoracic region (T1-T14), Cervical region (C1-C6), Lumbar region (L1-L5)
The two main sections of spinal cord are:
Interior white matter and exterior grey matter
Interior and exterior white and grey matter
Interior red matter and exterior yellow matter
Interior grey matter and exterior white matter
The two descending spinal tracts are..
The lateral corticospinal tract (which crosses from one side of the spine to the other at the medulla oblongata), and the anterior corticospinal tract (which does not cross at the medulla oblongata)
The lateral corticospinal tract (which does not cross at the medulla oblongata) and the anterior corticospinal tract (which crosses from one side of the spine to the other at the medulla oblongata)
The lateral corticospinal tract and the anterior corticospinal tract, neither of which cross at the medulla oblongata
The lateral corticospinal tract and the anterior corticospinal tract, both of which cross at the medulla oblongata
In a spinal cord injury, nerve impulses..
Continue but the signal is blocked at the injury
Do not generate
Continue and the ascending signal is relayed
Continue and the descending signal is relayed
What are the four structures that protect the brain and spinal cord?
Bones, blood brain barrier, CSF, and the meninges
Dura matter, perineurium, bones and CSF
CSF, dorsal ramus, ventral ramus, muscle
None of the above
How do neurons communicate amongst each other?
Through axons and dendrites
Through chemical and electrical signals
Both a and b
None of the above
What are the three connective tissue layers of the spinal nerve?
Myelin sheath, cell body, axon
Epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium
Dura matter, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Myelin sheath, perineurium, endoneurium
Which of the following is a nerve associated with the brachial plexus?
Femoral nerve
Phrenic nerve
Axillary nerve
Sciatic nerve
Where is the site of origin for the brachial nerve plexus?
Ventral rami of C5-T1
Ventral rami of C3-T2
Ventral rami of C4-T1
Ventral rami of C5-T4
If a patient has sciatica, which nerves of the sacral plexus would be affected?
L4, L5, S1
L4, L5, S1-S3
L4-S2
L4-S3
Which of the following is the longest nerve in the body?
Tibial nerve
Gluteal nerve
Sciatic nerve
Phrenic nerve
The axillary nerve supplies which of the following muscles?
Latissimus dorsi
Triceps brachii
Hamstrings group
Deltoid
The radical nerve supplies which of the following muscles?
Triceps brachii
Extensor muscles of the forearm
Cutaneous sensation to the posterior arm
All of the Above
Which of the following nerves stimulates flexion of the fingers?
Median nerve
Ulnar nerve
Radial nerve
Both a and b are correct
What is the name of encapsulated oval-shaped receptors which sense touch in hairless areas of the body?
Muscle spindles
Golgi organs
Ruffini endings
Meissner's corpuscles
What is the name of the innermost connective tissue layer, which surrounds an individual axon?
Endoneurium
Epineurium
Perineurium
Hyponeurium
Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain?
Cranial nerve I
Cranial nerve II
Cranial nerve III
Cranial nerve IV
Testing of which cranial nerve involves assessment of mobililty and symmetry of muscles during facial expressions, such as raising eyebrows or smiling broadly?
Cranial nerve I
Cranial nerve II
Cranial nerve VI
Cranial nerve VII
What is Bell's palsy?
A condition that affects facial muscle nerves, causing paralysis, or acute pain, unilateral weakness of muscles, or headaches
A constant bell like ringing in the ear
Paralysis, improper strength, or delayed nerve transmission to the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
Loss of balance due to damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve
Photoreceptors are the main cells of the retina. The two types of photoreceptors are the .. and ..
Amacrine cells; horizontal cells
Rods; cones
Ganglion cells; bipolar cells
Sticks; triangles
When light bends as it passes through the cornea, aqueous humor, the lens, and the vitreous humor, this phenomenon is called..?
Retention
Reflection
Retina
Refraction
What is a cataract?
Weakening of the extra ocular muscles
Clouding of the retina
Clouding of the lens
Discoloration of the iris
What is the medial wall in the nasal cavity referred to?
Olfactory bulb
Ethmoid bone
Septum
Cribriform plate
What is the link between taste and smell?
Both pass through the parietal and temporal lobes
Both are chemoreceptors
Both respond to photons in an aqueous solution
Both require enzymes (cAMP)
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