PGY Final
The presence of a hyper osmotic solution in the small intestine
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
During which of the phases of the integrated response to a meal does the sphincter of oddi open
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following substances is absorbed in the large intestine
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following about protein digestion and absorption is correct
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following statements about the immune function of the digestive system is/are correct
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following statements about iron absorption is correct
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Bicarbonate that is secreted by the pancreas is released into the _____ to _____
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Contractions in the stomach antrum are stronger than in the stomach body because
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
The myenteric plexus is embedded in the _____ and has primary control over ___
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Fructose enters the cell on the apical side through ___ and leaves the cell on the basolateral side thorugh ___
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Identify the correct order of the 4 layers of the GI tract wall starting from the lumen side
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following compartments of the GI tract does NOT contribute to the processes of digestion and absorption
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
From which functional segment of the GI tract are bile components reabsorbed
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following salivary glands produces only serous secretions
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following sphincters is a skeletal muscle
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Identify the correct order of functional segments through which digestive enzymes are secreted by pancreas
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following substances is NOT absorbed in the small intestine
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following is NOT a component of saliva
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following digestive enzymes is NOT a luminal enzyme (is not secreted by cells into the GI tract)
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Based on its function, the circular muscle layer that is part of the muscularis externa can be missing in
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
The proenzyme (zymogen) Trypsinogen is activated by
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following statements about GI smooth muscle contraction is correct
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following statements best describes slow waves
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Ingested objects that cannot be dissolved are removed from the stomach in between meals by ___ that is a form of ___
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
In which of the following functional compartments of the GI tract are protective epithelia most likely to be found
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
In the stomach, surface area is increased through
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Gastric acid HCL is secreted by ___ together with ___
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Somatostatin is released by ___ in response to __
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following sphincters controls release of pancreatic juice and bile into the small intestine
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive system
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Of the approximately 9L total liquid input into the GI tract, how much is excreted as part of the feces
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Indicate the correct order of functional compartments of the GI tract through which ingested material moves
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
Which of the following types of motility occur in the stomach during a meal
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
A and B
Pharynx
All of the above statements are correct
Muscularis externa, muscle layers of muscularis externa
GLUT5, GLUT2
Endocrine pancreas
Upper esophageal sphincter
Sphincter of oddi
Both, tonic and phasic contractions by GI smooth muscles occur in the GI tract
D cells, too much acid in the stomach
Ileum
All of the above substances are absorbed in the small intestine
Maltase
Receptive relaxation
Esophagus
4. Proteins can be ingested in form of chains of amino acids and can be absorbed as single amino acids, di/tripeptides or even short chains of amino acids
Maltase
None of the above
Cleavage of the inhibitory peptide by an enteropeptidase in the brush boarder of enterocytes
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa
Slow waves are oscillations in the resting membrane potential of GI smooth muscle cells
Migrating motor complex, peristalsis
0.1L
If the body concentration of iron is high enough no further iron is absorbed
Parietal cells, intrinsic factor
Parotid
Duodenum, neutralize gastric acid
Folding of the mucosa into rugae
Intestinal phase
Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum
Acinar cells, intercalated duct, intralobular duct, main pancreatic duct
Vitamin k
Inhibition of gastric motility
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