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Chapter 2 Biochemistry

What is an atom
Organized on the periodic table
Smallest unit of matter
Main source of energy for body
Consist of carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are...
What are proteins used for?
What are minerals?
Organic materials your body needs in small amounts for chemical reactions
Chemicals form the earth that we need in very small amounts
How many liters a day should we drink of water?
2 L
1 L
8 ounces
What are the 3 nucleic acids you need to know?
What is ATP
Nutrition is...
The effect of nutrients. And other materials in food, on the well being of an organism
Raw materials
Energy
Raw molecules
Water is..
Non polar
Polar
Water is ____ bonded
Ionically
Covalently
Hydrogen
Polarity...
Makes hydrogen bonds possible
Makes covalent bonds possible
Caused by equal sharing of electrons between atoms
Caused by unequal sharing of electrons between atoms
Cohesion is...
Adhesion is...
Polar and non polar don't mix..
Adhesion
Polarity
Solubility
Solvently
Salt is the ____, water is the ____
Solute, solvent
Solvent, solute
Solid, liquid
Grain, liquid
Helps many reactions occur in the body and dissolves many compounds- both polar and ionic
Universal solvent
Surface tension
Catalyst
The 4 phases of digestion...
What is mechanical digestion?
Enzyme used to break down small pieces of food into mulches
Large pieces of food into small pieces
What do chemical reactions do?
Rearrange atoms
Occur in all cells of an organism
Can be represented in equations
Speed up rate of catalyst
What is lactose intolerance?
Can break down lactose due to lack of lactase
Can't break down lactose due to lack of lactase
How much of the world is lactase persistent?
75%
25%
What does P element mean
Phosphorus
Potassium
Palladium
Platinum
What is CHON
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
All of these
What is a molecule?
Any 2 (or more) atoms joined together; can be same or different
2 (or more) atoms of different elements combined
The different types of atoms
What is a covalent bond?
When one atom gives an electron to another
Weak attraction between a hydrogen ion and another negative ion
When atoms share electrons
What macromolecule produces energy?
Carbohydrates (a)
Nucleic acids (b)
Amino acids (c)
Proteins (d)
A,d
B, a, d
 
 
Macromolecules are _______ made of monomers
Saccharides
Nucleotides
Carbohydrates
Polymers
What are the four classes of polymers/ macromolecules?
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