Minerals Metabolism Quiz
By:Mohamed Mamdouh
Minerals Metabolism Quiz
Test your knowledge on the essential roles of minerals in the human body with this engaging quiz! From enzyme cofactors to structural fun
Whether you're a student, teacher, or just someone interested in nutrition, this quiz will challenge your understanding and help you learn more about:
- Fun
ctions of different minerals - Essential dietary requirements
- Mineral roles in bodily fun
ctions
Functions of Minerals include
Enzyme cofactors
Supportive structural functions
Acid-base and water balance
All of the above
25% of enzyme cofactors are tightly bound to apo-enzyme
Metal- activated enzyme
Metallo-enzyme
Both
None of the above
75% of enzyme cofactors are loosely bound
Metal- activated enzyme
Metallo-enzyme
Both
None of the above
Supportive structural functions in bone and teeth
Sulfur
Na, K, Cl
Ca, Na, K
Ca, P, Mg
Supportive structural functions in keratin
S (sulfur)
Na, K, Cl
Ca, Na, K
Ca, P, Mg
Acid-base and water balance
S (sulfur)
Na, K, Cl
Ca, Na, K
Ca, P, Mg
Nerve conduction & muscle contraction
S (sulfur)
Na, K, Cl
Ca, Na, K
Ca, P, Mg
Mineral is heme and cytochrome system of respiratory chain
Iron
Cobalt
Zinc
Iodine
Mineral is a component of vitamin B12
Iron
Cobalt
Zinc
Iodine
Mineral for function of insulin
Iron
Cobalt
Zinc
Iodine
Mineral for function of thyroid hormones
Iron
Cobalt
Zinc
Iodine
Mineral act as 2nd messenger for several hormones
Zinc
Iodine
Cobalt
Calcium
Which of the following is not a Macro or Major Mineral
Magnesium
Sodium
Chromium
Potassium
which of the following is not a Micro or Trace Minerals
Iron
Copper
Zinc
sulfur
Present in body tissues at concentrations >50 mg/kg (50 ppm)
Macro or Major Minerals
Micro or Trace Minerals
Both
None of the above
Present in body tissues at concentrations <50 mg/kg (50 ppm)
Macro or Major Minerals
Micro or Trace Minerals
Both
None of the above
Abundant in the body 1.5% - 2% of an adult's wight
Copper
Iron
Calcium
Sulfur
99% Ca2+ is in
Blood
Endocrine system
Teeth only
Bone and teeth
1% of Ca2 is required for
Bone
Teeth
Tissues
Blood and tissues
Normal plasma concentration is .........mg/dL
3.5-5
9-11
135-145
1.5-2.5
Which form of calcium exists in 45%
Bound to Albumin
Bound to other chelating agents
Free ionized
All of the above
Which form of calcium exists in 5%
Bound to Albumin
Bound to other chelating agents
Free ionized
All of the above
Which form of calcium exists in 50%
Bound to Albumin
Bound to other chelating agents
Free ionized
All of the above
Decreased .................. Lead to tetany and muscle cramps
Albumin
Chelating agents
Ionized levels
All of the above
Daily body requirement of Ca in adults
0.5 g/day
1.2 g/day
1.5 g/day
4 g/day
Daily body requirement of Ca in Children
0.5 g/day
1.2 g/day
1.5 g/day
4 g/day
Daily body requirement of Ca in Pregnant & lactating women
0.5 g/day
1.2 g/day
1.5 g/day
4 g/day
Both Ca and P required Dietary ratio of
1:1 to 2:1
2:1 to 2:1
3:1 to 2:1
4:1 to 3:1
Calcium Absorption in duodenum Requires a
Enzymes
Ca binding protein
Hormonal proteins
Transport proteins
Which of the following hormones acts to increase plasma Ca level
A.Calcitriol (vit D) hormone
B.Calcitonin hormone
C.Parathyroid hormone
Both a & c
Calcitonin acts to.......... plasma Ca
Increase
Decrease
Maintain
None of the above
PTH and Vitamin D3 act to........ plasma Ca
Increase
Decrease
Maintain
None of the above
In the body, calcium is required for the
Muscle contraction
Nerve conduction
Blood coagulation
All of them
Rickets disease occurs due to deficiency of which mineral
Ca
Zinc
Iron
Cu
Hypercalcaemia Ca level is
Above 22 mg/dl
Above 11 mg/dl
Below 7.5 mg/dl
Below 15 mg/dl
Muscular Hypotonia and Nephrocalcinosis are Manifestations of
Copper Deficiency
Iron Deficiency anemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypocalcemia
Muscle cramps and Tetany are Manifestations of
Copper Deficiency
Iron Deficiency anemia
Hypercalcemia
Hypocalcemia
90% Cupper transported in blood bound to
Ferritin
Transferrin
Hemosedrin
Ceruloplasmin
Copper deficiency can cause
Polycythemia
Leukocytopenia
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Absorption of copper at stomach and..........
upper part of large intestine
lower part of large intestine
upper part of small intestine
lower part of small intestine
Copper is Transported to the liver bound to
Ceruloplasmin
Albumin
Hemosedrin
Transferrin
Small proteins found in cytosol of liver,kidney & intestine
Ca binding protein
Metallothionins
Ceruloplasmin
Hemosedrin
Binds divalent metals and store them in non-toxic form
Ca binding protein
Metallothionins
Metallothionins
Hemosedrin
Excess Copper leads to
Oxidation of proteins
Oxidation of lipids
Increase production of free radicals
All of the above
Lysine hydroxylase enzyme needs which of the following co-enzyme
Ca
Zinc
Iron
Cu
Cytochrome c oxidase is co-factor for
Energy production
In catabolism of catecholamines and serotonine
In collagen and elastin synthesis
For catecholamines synthesis
Monoamino oxidase is co-factor in
Energy production
Catabolism of catecholamines and serotonine
Collagen and elastin synthesis
Catecholamines synthesis
Lysine hydroxylase is co-factor in
Energy production
Catabolism of catecholamines and serotonine
Collagen and elastin synthesis
Catecholamines synthesis
Dopamine hydroxylase is co-factor in
Energy production
Catabolism of catecholamines and serotonine
Collagen and elastin synthesis
Catecholamines synthesis
Synthesis of unsaturated FA
Dopamine hydroxylase
Superoxide dismutase
Desaturase
Tyrosinase
Protects against free-radical
Dopamine hydroxylase
Superoxide dismutase
Desaturase
Tyrosinase
For melanin pigment synthesis
Dopamine hydroxylase
Superoxide dismutase
Desaturase
Tyrosinase
Iron is a component of
Hemoglobin
Ceruloplasmin
Transferase
Transaminase
How is iron transported in the circulation (plasma) from the intestine to the sites of metabolism in the body?
As simple Fe2+ in the serum
Bound to albumin
Bound to ferritin
Bound to transferrin
Iron is stored in tissues as
Ferritin
Transferrin
Hemosedrin
Ceruloplasmin
Excess Iron is stored in tissues as
Ferritin
Transferrin
Hemosedrin
Ceruloplasmin
Represent 70-75 % of total body iron
Labile tissue iron
Hemoglobin iron
Ferritin
All of the above
Represent 25 % of total body iron stored
Labile tissue iron
Hemoglobin iron
Transferrin
All of the above
Which of the following is not a heme containing proteins
Myoglobin
Cytochromes of ETC (electron carriers)
Lactoferrin
Tryptophan
O2 transport is by
Myoglobin
Lactoferrin
Cytochromes of ETC (electron carriers)
Hemoglobin
O2 storage is by
Myoglobin
Lactoferrin
Cytochromes of ETC (electron carriers)
Hemoglobin
O2 utilization is by
Myoglobin
Lactoferrin
Cytochromes of ETC (electron carriers)
Hemoglobin
Anti-microbial in iron is by
Myoglobin
Lactoferrin
Cytochromes of ETC (electron carriers)
Hemoglobin
Xenobiotic metabolism is by
Cytochromes of ETC
Hepatic cytochrome P450
Catalase
Lactoferrin
Anti-oxidant in iron is by
Cytochromes of ETC
Hepatic cytochrome P450
Catalase
Lactoferrin
Dietary sources of iron include
Lean red meat
Chicken, eggs
Cereals
All of the above
Iron requirements increased by increasing
Pregnancy
lactation
Growth and after blood loss
All of the above
Microcytic hypochromic anemia occurs due to deficiency of which of the following
Ca
Zinc
Iron
Cu
Absorption of iron increases by all the following except:
Pregnancy
Gastric HCL
Vit C
Tannic acid
Microcytic hypochromic anemia occurs due to deficiency of which of the following
Ca
Zinc
Iron
Cu
The triad of cirrhosis, hemochromatosis and diabetes is called
Diabetes mellitus
Bronze diabetes
Rickets
Scurvy
General increase in tissue iron level without damage to parenchymal cells
Iron Storage Disorders
Iron Deficiency anemia
Both of them
None of the above
Excessive iron accumulation in parenchymal cells of liver, heart, pancreas, endocrine organs, skin and joints
Hereditary (primary) Hemochromatosis
Iron Deficiency anemia
Secondary Hemochromatosis
None of the above
In untreated patients leads to organ damage resulting in hepatic dysfunction, diabetes, cardiomyopathy and skin pigmentation
Hereditary (primary) Hemochromatosis
Iron Deficiency anemia
Secondary Hemochromatosis
None of the above
Occur after repeated blood transfusions
Hereditary (primary) Hemochromatosis
Iron Deficiency anemia
Secondary Hemochromatosis
None of the above
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