Clinical biochemistry L4
Fluid Balance in Clinical Biochemistry Quiz
Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of clinical biochemistry, specifically focusing on fluid balance within the human body. This quiz covers essential concepts related to extracellular and intracellular water, dehydration types, and the roles of various ions in the body.
Prepare to challenge yourself with questions on:
- Water distribution in the body
- Osmosis and its biological significance
- Electrolyte balance and clinical conditions
1. All water external to the cell membrane is called:
Extracellular fluid
Intracellular fluid
Intravascular fluid
Transcellular fluid
2. All water within the cell membrane and cell content
Extracellular fluid
Trans cellular fluid
Intracellular fluid
Intravascular fluid
3. Extracellular water (ECW) are
Plasma (Intravascular water)
Interstitial fluid
Transcellular fluid
Plasma (intravascular water), Interstitial fluids, Transcellular water
4. What is the biological function of ECW?
The medium through which all metabolic exchange occurs
The medium in which chemical reactions of cell metabolism occur
5. What is the biological function of ICW?
The medium through which all metabolic exchange occurs
The medium in which chemical reactions of cell metabolism occur
6. Water is the richest substance in the body, which group has the most water?
Fetus
Children
Adult-men
Adult-women
Fetus>children> adult-men>adult-women
7. Why during adolescence (1314 years old), does intracellular water in womentendencyt decrease and attend to increase?
Women's menstrual bleeding
Women drink less water than men
Men are more physically active that provide more cells than women
None answer above
8. What is osmosis?
It is all water within the cell membrane and cell content
It is all water external to the cell membrane
The force that tends to move water from a low-concentration solution into a high- concentration solution
None answers above
9. What are the conditions that lead to the release of ADH and stimulate drinking water?
Increased Extracellular water osmolarity
Decrease blood volume
Decrease renal perfusion
Increase Extracellular water osmolarity, decrease blood volume, decrease renal perfusion
A. What is the cation and anion predominant in ICW?
Na+ and CL-
K+
Protein
K+. Protein and PO4-
10. What is the cation and anion predominant in ECW?
Na+ and CL-
K+
Protein
K+ protein and PO4-
11. What is the anion gap?
([Cl- ] + [HCO3 - ]) – ([Na+ ]+[K+ ])
([Na+ ]+[K+ ]) - ([Cl- ] + [HCO3 - ])
[Cl- ] – ([Na+ ]+[K+ ])
([Cl- ] + [HCO3 - ]) – [Na+ ]
12. What is the major difference of plasma and ISF?
Present of Na+ and CL-
Present of Na+
Present of protein
Present of H20
13. The types of dehydration:
Hypernatremia dehydration
Normonatremia dehydration
Hyponatremia dehydration
All answers above
14. CLINICAL CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPONATREMIA:
Water excess greater than sodium excess
Sodium deficit greater than water deficit
Movement of sodium from the extracellular to intracellular
Pseudohyponatremia
All answers above
15. CLINICAL CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERNATREMIA:
Sodium excess greater than water excess
Water deficiency greater than sodium deficiency
Sodium excess greater than water excess & Water deficiency greater than sodium deficiency
Water excess greater than sodium excess
Sodium deficit greater than water deficit
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