Histology 1D

Create an educational illustration showcasing the three types of muscle tissue (skeletal, cardiac, and smooth) with their structural features like sarcomeres, myofibrils, and nuclei, in a scientific style.

Histology Mastery Quiz: Muscle Tissue

Test your knowledge of muscle histology with our comprehensive quiz designed for students and professionals alike. Dive into the intricacies of muscle tissue structure, regeneration, and protein functions with 30 detailed questions.

Are you ready to challenge yourself? Here’s what to expect:

Questions covering various muscle types: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth.
Topics on myofilaments, regeneration, and unique cellular structures.
A chance to enhance your understanding of muscle histology!

30 Questions8 MinutesCreated by ExaminingBone42

Muscle tissue:

The oval nuclei are located peripherally under the cell membrane only in skeletal muscle

Contraction of skeletal muscle is controlled by heart conducting cells

Cardial muscle cells posses one or two centrally located nuclei

Each fiber of skeletal muscle is surrounded by endomysium

Proteins associated with skeletal muscle:

Myosin 2 - major protein in thick filaments

Troponin I - inhibits actin

A-actinin - anchors plus ends of thick filaments to Z disc

Tropomodulin - caps the minus ends of thin filaments

Calmodulin - binds calcium ions

Regeneration of muscle tissue:

Smooth muscle tissue - damaged is replaced by connective tissue

Satelite cells are responsible for skeletal muscles ability to regenerate

Cardiac muscle has no regenerative capacity

What is correct regarding myofibroblasts?

Lies between fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells

Is involved in fibrosis

Essential in wound healing

Well developed contractile function

Are enriched with a form of actin

Is found in smooth muscle

What is correct regarding cardiac muscle?

Cardiac muscle are multinucleated¨

Has no regenerative capacity

Contains myofilaments and sarcomeres

T-tubules and cisternae of SER forms triads

T-tubules and cisternae of SER forms DIADS

Mark the correct statements:

The nuclei are located peripherally just under the cell membrane only in skeletal muscles

In smooth muscle sacromeres are arranged in myofibrils

There is no actin filaments in smooth muscle cells

Each fiber of skeletal muscle is surrounded by epimysium

The sacromere extends from Z to Z line

What is correct?

Intercalated discs connect two skeletal muscle fibers

Caveolae of smooth muscle cells function in manner autologous to T-tubules

Triad is characteristic in cardiac muscle

Diad is characteristic for cardiac muscle

Epimysium is dense irregular CT

Cardiac muscle is under involuntary control

Intermediate filaments:

Vimentin are characteristic of cells of mesenchymal origin

Desmin is found in each type of muscle

Keratin are found in epithelium

What is correct regarding skeletal muscle?

Actin-myosin binding is triggered by the interaction of Ca2+ with troponin subunit C

Dense bodies are typical features

Is responsible for voluntary movement

Is responsible of involuntary movement

Contraction is triggered at motor end plate

T-tubules are found at A-I junction

True regarding skeletal muscle:

Are formed by structures called fibers

Regeneration of skeletal muscle directly depends on amount of satellite cells

Skeletal muscle fibers can proliferate

Skeletal muscle fibers are short and branched cells

Z-line bisects the A-band

Skeletal muscle fibers are covered by endomysium

Cavelolas and gap junctions can be occasionally present

Actin-myosin binding is triggered by the interaction of Ca2+ with troponin subunit C

What is true regarding skeletal muscle tissue?

Concentration is triggered at motor end plate

Skeletal muscle fibers are innervated by muscle neurons

There are no sacromeres present

Sacromeres is a segment of myofibril between two Z-lines

T-tubules are found at the A-I junction

Dense bodies are typical features

To trigger a muscle contraction, calcium has to bind to myosin in smooth, skeletal and cardiac muscle cells

During skeletal muscle contraction energy is released from ATP

Sacromeres:

The major protein of the Z-line of sacromere is alfa actinin

Contains Z-line + 1/2 I band + A band + 1/2 I band + Z-line

Are present only in smooth muscle

M-line is located in the middle of the H-band

I band is composed of thin filaments only

A band is composed of both thin and thick filaments

Are present in cardiac and skeletal muscle only

Extend from M to M line

What is true about cardiac muscle?

Contraction is triggered at nodes of conducting fibers

Regeneration involves mitotic activity of muscle cells

Sacrolasmic reticulum is forming two terminal cisterns per sacromere in triads

SER is rather well developed

Striations are present

T-tubules are found at the level of the Z-line

Nuclei is centrally located

Caveolae and gap junctions can be occassionally present

Cardiac muscle:

Is characterized by the lack of sacromeres

T-tubules and cisternae of SER forms diads

Cardiac muscle cells are multinucleated

Desmosomes bind the individual cardiac muscle cells to each other

Cardiac muscle derived from mesoderm

Sacroplasmatic reticulum is forming the two terminal cistems per sacromere in triads

Cardiac muscle:

T tubules are present at the center of the triads

Contraction is triggered at nodes of conducting fibers

Contraction is spontaneous

Nuclei lies adjacent to sacrolemma

Caveolae and gap junctions can be occasionaly present

Regeneration is very poor

SER is rather well developed

Troponin:

Is part of thin filaments only

Is attached to tropomyosin

Is composed of troponin C, T and I

Troponin I can bind calcium ions

Troponin C can bind calcium ions

Is a complex of three subunits

Troponin I inhibits actin-myosin interactions

What is correct regarding muscle tissue?

Cardiac muscle cells contain myofibrils composed of sarcomeres

Troponin and tropomyosin are specific for striated muscle

Smooth muscle cells have dense bodies containing alpha actinin

What is true about perimysium?

Proteins and their functions:

Troponin Tnl - inhibits actin-myosin interaction

Diads - connect adjacent cardiac muscle cells

Muscle spindle - regeneration of skeletal muscle cells

Transverse T tubules - transmission of depolarization to sacroplasmic reticulum system

Sacroplasmic reticulum - storage of Ca2

Thin filaments:

Skeletal muscle contraction:

To trigger a muscle contraction calcium has to bind to tropomyosin in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells

To trigger a muscle contraction calcium has to bind to troponin C in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells

During skeletal muscle contraction energy is released from ATP

During skeletal muscle contraction the I band decreases in size

During skeletal muscle contraction the calcium ions bind to the TnC subunit of troponin

During skeletal muscle contraction sakromers retain their original length

What is true regarding pericytes?

Occurs in the capillaries and postcapillary venules

Contain myosin, actin, tropomyosin and protein kinase which relate to contraction

Form the continuous layer of capillaries

Participate in the repair process

Have mesenchymal origin

Have their own basal lamina

What relates to arterioles?

Are less than 0,5 mm in diameter

Tunica media contain one or two layers of smooth muscle cells

Tunica media contains numerous layers of smooth muscle cells

Tunica adventitia is the thickest tunica

External elastic lamina is prominent

Endomysium:

Is a delicate, reticular connective tissue

Surrounds the external lamina of individual muscle fibers

Contains large blood vessels

There are large major nerve supplies in this sheath

CT associated with muscle

Delicate layer of reticular fibers

Surrounds individual muscle fibers

Blood and lymphatic vessels run between muscle fibers

What is true regarding smooth muscle?

Sarcomeres are well organized

T-tubules are replaced by caveolae

T-tubules are present in the center of the diads

Actin-myosin binding is triggered by interaction of Ca2+ with calmodulin

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Histology 1D

Histology Mastery Quiz: Muscle Tissue

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