Make your own quiz Manage my Quizzes Plans / Features Guides and Help Contact Privacy & Security

BIOCHEM

Biochemical Pathways Quiz

Test your knowledge of biochemistry with our comprehensive quiz covering digestion, ATP production, and metabolic pathways. Challenge yourself with 97 questions designed to deepen your understanding of the essential biochemical processes that sustain life.

Key features of the quiz include:

Multiple choice questions on key biochemistry concepts.
Interactive format to engage learners of all levels.
Instant feedback on your answers to help you learn.

97 Questions24 MinutesCreated by StudyingScience731

Digestion

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

ATP production

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

citric acid cycle

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Acety-coenzyme A production

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Intermediate that carries acetyl group in citric acid cycle

Stage 1: digestion

Stage 2: acety-coenzyme A production

Stage 3: citric acid cycle

Stage 4: ATP production

Electron transport chain passes e- and H+ from reduced coenzyme to oxygen to form water, energy is harnessed to make ATP

Stage 1: digestion

Stage 2: acety-coenzyme A production

Stage 3: citric acid cycle

Stage 4: ATP production

-carbohydrate digestion -protein digestion -nucleic acid digestion -fat digestion

Stage 1: digestion

Stage 2: acety-coenzyme A production

Stage 3: citric acid cycle

Stage 4: ATP production

Acetyl groups are oxidized to CO2, forms reduced coenzymes (NADH, FADH2) and ATP

Stage 1: digestion

Stage 2: acety-coenzyme A production

Stage 3: citric acid cycle

Stage 4: ATP production

The sum total of all the biochemical reactions that take place in a living organism.

Metabolism

Catabolism

Anabolism

Large biochemical molecules are broken down to smaller ones. (produces energy)

Metabolism

Catabolism

Anabolism

All metabolic reactions in which small biochemical molecules are joined together to form larger ones

Metabolism

Catabolism

Anabolism

Anabolic reactions usually require _____ in order to proceed.

Energy

Oxygen

Coa

Glucose

The metabolic reactions that occur in a cell are usually organized into sequences is called ______ pathways.

Catabolic

Metabolic

Anabolic

_______ in which a series of reactions generates a final product

Vertical

Circular

Linear

Wedge

Cyclic in which a series of reactions regenerates the ______ reactant.

Second

First

Third

Fourth

The major metabolic pathways for all life forms are ______.

Symbiosis

Similar

Different

__________ is an organelle that is responsible for the generation of most of the energy for a cell.

Cytoplasm

Enzyme

Mitochondrion

Nuclei

Mitochondria are sausage-shaped organelles containing both an _________ and a ____________.

Outer membrane and permeable inner membrane

Outer membrane and multifold inner membrane

Outer membrane and inner membrane

Outer membrane which is about ______ and _______, it is FREELY PERMEABLE to SMALL MOLECULES

90% Lipid and 10% Protein

50% Lipid and 50% Protein

20% Lipid and 80% Protein

30% Lipid and 700% Protein

Inner membrane which is about _______ and _______, it is HIGHLY IMPERMEABLE to most substances

50% Lipid and 50% Protein

90% Lipid and 10% Protein

20% Lipid & 80% protein

30% Lipid and 700% Protein

__________ is the functional group derived from a phosphate ion that is part of another molecule.

Sulfuryl group

Nitro group

Carbonyl group

Phosphoryl group

___________ bond is the chemical bond formed when two phosphate groups react with each other and a water molecule is produced.

Phosphoanhydride

Carboanhydride

Nitrohydride

Sulfuryhydride

Acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle and combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate. Coenzyme A is released during this step. Citrate synthase catalyzes this reaction.

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

α-ketoglutarate is transformed into succinyl-CoA through oxidative decarboxylation. This process also leads to the reduction of NAD+ to NADH.

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Aconitase facilitates the conversion of citrate to isocitrate. This reaction involves the isomerization of a tertiary alcohol (present in citrate) to a secondary alcohol (present in isocitrate). The conversion to a secondary alcohol allows for subsequent oxidation in the following step.

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Isocitrate is oxidized, losing a carbon atom as carbon dioxide, and its alcohol group is transformed. Isocitrate dehydrogenase catalyzes this reaction, resulting in the formation of α-ketoglutarate. During this process, the coenzyme NAD+ is reduced to NADH. NADH is subsequently reoxidized, releasing energy that is used in ATP synthesis.

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

The glycolytic pathway (Glucose --> 2 Pyruvate) is found

only in eukaryotes.

In most living organisms.

in all living organisms (excluding virus particles).

Primarily in animals.

Energy released by oxidation of glucose is stored as: (choose 2)

A concentration gradient across a membrane.

As ATP.

As NADH.

As ADP.

Which of the following reactions are oxidations? (select all that applies)

Conversion of an alkane to an alkene.

conversion of an alcohol to a ketone.

Conversion of an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid.

Conversion of NADH to NAD+ .

Energy production involves which of the following? Select all that applies

Conversion of compounds with high energy to those of low energy.

Transport of electrons on organic molecules.

Generation of a proton gradient across membranes.

Energy for the synthesis of ATP (chemical energy) during oxidative phosphorylation is obtained from

Snickers bars.

High energy phosphate containing compounds.

A proton gradient across a membrane.

A high proton concentration in the cell.

a low proton concentration in the cell.

The input of energy required to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi is due, in part, to (choose 2)

Increasing electrostatic repulsion in ATP.

resonance stabilization of the ADP form.

Charge delocalization over the adenosine ring.

increased resonance stabilization of the released phosphate.

Which is true of enzymes? Choose the following that is true

Enzymes break down chemical compounds.

Enzymes work in an assembly line fashion.

Enzymes build up new molecules from simpler compounds.

What biological process is used to recharge MOST of the ATP in a human cell?

Photosynthesis

Hydrolysis

Fermentation

Cellular Respiration

What organic molecules is the "currency" of biological energy?

ADP

Glycolysis

ATP

ETC

What is true about phosphate groups and energy when ATP is converted to ADP?

ATP decreases by one phosphate group

Energy is absorbed

ATP increases by one phosphate group

Energy is released

Which of the following is the best explanation for why ATP is similar to a rechargeable battery?

ATP has a limited number of times that it can be recharged before it becomes a waste product

ATP's energy is never used up

After you use the energy of ATP, it is regarded as waste by the cell

It is never used up; it just stores and releases energy

What organelle is responsible for the production of most of the ATP every human cell uses?

Mitochondria

Chloroplasts

Ribosomes

Nucleus

Which of the following acts as an electron carrier in cellular respiration?

ATP

NAD+

ADP

Pyruvic acid

Which phase of cellular respiration generates the most ATP?

Krebs cycle

Fermentation

Electron transport chain

Glycolysis

Which process is used to produce beer and wine?

Lactic acid fermentation

Alcoholic fermentation

Glycolysis

The Krebs cycle

How many total molecules of ATP are synthesized from ADP via glycolysis of a single molecule of glucose?

The primary source of energy (ATP) under conditions of oxygen limitation in tissues is?

The Alanine Cycle

The Kreb’s Cycle (TCA)

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis is most important?

After exercise

After meals

After prolonged fasting

Between lunch and dinner.

With anaerobic conditions

Number of hepatic translocases and/or enzymes which could be responsible for an observed failure of a patient to convert cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate into intracellular free glucose?

High free fatty acids are a hallmark of metabolic syndrome, a common precondition of Type II diabetes. High circulating fatty acids chronically cause modified phosphorylation on the intracellular domain of the insulin receptor, with reduced PI3K and reduced GLUT4 activity. How is low GLUT4 activity relevant to diabetes?

It causes retinopathy.

It prevents glucose utilization by cells.

It stimulates fructose uptake by cells.

It leads to hyper-stimulation of glycolysis.

Ischemic tissues have an increased rate of glycolysis. Most of this is not fueled by extracellular supply of glucose, but rather by locally stored glycogen that is degraded in response to ischemia. This response depends on the activation of glycogen phosphorylase by:

ATP

AMP

Low pH

Carbon Dioxide

Glucose 6-phosphate

Several inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism can cause fasting hypoglycemia. The most severe fasting hypoglycemia has to be expected in deficiencies of:

Phosphofructokinase

Aldolase

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

Glucose-6-phosphatase

What is the process that occurs in the presence of oxygen called?

Microaerophilic

Glycogenic

Anaerobic

Aerobic

In anaerobic respiration, the end product is

Ethyl alcohol

Carbon dioxide

Both A and B

Oxygen

The process of glycogenolysis is accelerated by:

Glucagon

Insulin

Glucose

Pyrophosphoric acid

Both insulin and glucagon affect glycogenesis and glycogenolysis. Glucagon could be classified as this type of hormone:

Hyperglycemic

Hypoglycemic

Hyperosmotic

Hypomanic

Hypercholesterolemic

The body requires backup stores of reduced carbon. We have two forms, lipids and starch or glycogen. Our immediate source of reduced carbon is glucose, which we access by several pathways such as glycolysis. We normally have about 90 mg of glucose per deciliter of blood but need to have an immediate backup source of glucose. Which of these is the source?

Fats

Proteins

Vitamins

ATP

Glycogen

Which of the following activates glycolysis?

Glucose-6-phosphate

Fructose-2,6-biphosphate

ATP

Acetyl-CoenzymeA

GTP

The process of fermentation of glucose is favored in systems that:

Have little or no oxygen available

Operate in hot springs at high temperature

Function at high oxygen concentration

Act in the presence of nitrogen

Lack enzymes to carry out glycolysis

If a person were exercising vigorously and unable to take in sufficient oxygen, his or her tissues would probably accumulate excess amounts of:

Glucose

Fructose-6-phosphate

Pyruvic acid

Citric acid

Lactic acid

The process of gluconeogenesis not only clears cells of some molecular debris but can also provide glucose for these cells that need a constant supply:

Kidney, liver, and aerobic muscle

Brain, red blood cells, anaerobic muscle, and lactating mammary

Heart, liver, and pancreas

Tissue that is rapidly oxidizing lipids

Tissue in which glycolysis is occurring rapidly

Which B vitamin is turned into a product that plays a role in fatty acid oxidation but not in fatty acid biosynthesis?

Niacin

pantothenic acid

Pyridoxamine

Riboflavin

Thiamine

The committed step in the synthesis of fatty acids is the formation of

Acetoacetyl CoA

Acetyl CoA

Malonyl CoA

Propionyl CoA

Stearoyl CoA

You have broken down a typical glycerophospholipid. You find that it consists of a saturated fatty acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, glycerol, a phosphate and:

Alanine

Cholesterol

Inosine

Serine

Sphingosine

What dietary source of energy contains the most energy per gram (kcal/g)?

Proteins

Disaccharides

Cellulose

Triglycerides

The acetyl CoA is produced in the mitochondria and must be transported into cytosol for synthesis of fatty acid. Which of the following is true regarding its transport?

Acetyl CoA is diffused from mitochondrial membrane

Acetly CoA is transported by its specific transporter protein

Acetyl CoA is converted into pyruvate, enters into cytosol and acetyl CoA is regenerated

Acetyl CoA is converted into citrate, enters into cytosol and acetyl CoA is regenerated.

Which one of these is not a lipid?

Oils

Fats

Waxes

Proteins

What are the most active organs in the animal body that can synthesize triacylglycerol?

Liver and intestines

Kidney and intestines

Gall bladder and kidneys

Pancreas and intestines

Fatty acid β-oxidation occurs in

Mitochondria

Peroxisomes

Lysosomes

All of the above

What is the allosteric regulator of acetyl CoA caboxylase?

Fatty acid

ATP

Citrate

Acetly CoA

Free fatty acids in the plasma

Circulate in unbound state

Bind to lipoproteins and circulated

Bind to albumin and circulated

Bind to fatty acid binding protein and circulated

Which of the following event inactivates acetly CoA carboxylase?

ADP-Ribosylation

Glycosylation

Phosphorylation

Farnesylation

In what compartment does the de novo fatty acid synthesis occurs?

Mitochondria

Perioxosome

Endoplasmic reticulum

Cytosol

What is the precursor for fatty acid synthesis

Acetyl CoA

Propionyl CoA

Succinyl CoA

Acetoacetyl CoA

The conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA is the rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis. Which of the following enzyme catalyzes the above mentioned reaction?

Acetly CoA carboxylase

Malonyl CoA synthetase

Acetyl CoA decarboxylase

Malonyl CoA synthase

Branched-chain fatty acids, such as phytanic acid, are not a lost cause as sources of energy. They may be broken down by a process with begins with:

β-oxidation

γ-oxidation

Transesterification

Transmogrification

α-oxidation

As a source of energy, fat produces more than twice as many calories per gram as either protein or carbohydrate. What percentage of the energy in the diet of an average American is produced from fat?

10-20%

20-30%

30-40%

40-50%

50-60%

Drugs called statins are now used to decrease plasma cholesterol levels by inhibiting the rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis. This step is catalyzed by:

Lipoprotein lipase

β-ketothiolase

Acyl carrier protein

HMG-CoA reductase

Transacylase

The location of fatty acid oxidation is:

Adipocyl membranes

Peroxisomes

The Golgi apparatus

The mitochondrial matrix

The cytoplasm of liver cells

Early in your chemistry career, you probably spilled some sodium hydroxide on your hands and noticed that bases feel soapy. The soapy feeling is caused by:

Release of hydrogen from triacylglycerols

Release of calcium from triacylglycerols

Production of graphite as a result of neutralization

Production of soap as a result of the reaction between base and the triacylglycerols in your skin

Neutralization of the base by acids in your skin

In the initial stages, fatty acid synthesis occurs:

Only in association with the endoplasmic reticulum

Within liver parenchyma

Within the cytoplasm

Only within arterial epithelium

Only within venous epithelium

The cells which store lipids in the body are sometimes referred to as signet ring cells, as seen from the side, the nucleus of the cell appears similar to the set of a ring and the inner portion of the cell is filled with lipid, resembling the ring itself. These fat cells are properly called:

Erythrocytes

Hepatocytes

Astrocytes

Adipocytes

Lymphocytes

Fatty acids are not very soluble in blood plasma. Left to themselves, they tend to form micelles and at high concentrations, may cause blood plasma to appear milky, or lipemic. Free fatty acids are transported in the blood by:

Aluminum

Glycogen

Cholesterol

Albumin

Luminol

Cholesterol is not oxidized for energy within the body, but you might help eliminate it from your body if you could increase the formation of:

Triacylglycerols

Protein hormones

Steroid hormones

Mineralocorticoids

Bile salts or acids

The principal site of cholesterol synthesis is:

The liver

The ovaries

The intestines

The testes

The skin

Proteins are ____ made of amino acid ____ .

Monomers; polymers

Polymers; polypeptides

Polymers; monomers

Monomers; molecules

Catabolism of amino acids usually follows one of two paths, depending upon the types of degradation products they form. Amino acids are said to be

Ketogenic or glucogenic

Ammonotelic or uricotelic

Phototropic or phototaxic

Ammonotelic or uricotelic

Metabolism of fats and carbohydrates differs from protein metabolism in that

Protein can be stored, fat and carbohydrate can't

Fat can be stored, protein and carbohydrate can't

Fats and carbohydrate can be stored, protein can't

Protein and fat can be stored, but carbohydrates can't

Urea is synthesized I

Adipocytes

Erythrocytes

Hepatocytes

Astrocytes

One amino acid which is non-essential for humans, but is the most common amino acid found in white blood cells. Which one?

Glycine

Phenylalanine

Histidine

Taurine

Sedentary persons who consume rich diets sometimes suffer gout, a condition which may cause toes to swell and joints to become painful due to an accumulation of

Glucose

Fatty tissue

Acetylcholine

Uric acid

Unlike many physiological substances, metabolism of ammonia is under very strict control because

Ammonia is relatively insoluble in water

Ammonia is very toxic

Ammonia reacts readily with acids and could cause acidosis

Ammonia could be consumed by intestinal bacteria if they were not held in check

Blood capillaries are fragile and may break upon impact (such as a slap in the kisser), allowing components of blood to spill into the interstitial spaces, where they degrade slowly. The resulting 'black' eye might be due to a greenish pigment called

Biliverdin

Bilirubin

Hemoglobin

Cytochrome

Degradation of ketogenic amino acids results in two-carbon fragments which may be formed into ketone bodies or fatty acids, or oxidized to carbon dioxide and water by

Glycolysis

The dark cycle

The pentose phosphate pathway

Gluconeogenesis

The TCA cycle

The process of transcription can be broadly categorised into 3 main stages: initiation, elongation & termination. During transcription _________

DNA is made complimentary to RNA

RNA is made complimentary to DNA

A protein is made from the RNA base sequence

A protein is made from the DNA base sequence

Translation is primarily facilitated by ribosomes located on the rough endoplasmic reticulum, on the outer surface of the nuclear envelope, or in the cytoplasm. During translation _______

DNA is made complimentary to RNA

RNA is made complimentary to DNA

A protein is made from the RNA base sequence

A protein is made from the DNA base sequence

What is the basic role of mRNA?

Transfer the amino acids to the ribosome

Transfer the amino acids to the nucleus

Transfer the DNA message to the ribosome

Transfer the mRNA message to the nucleus

If the DNA code reads CCAATTGG then the tRNA code would read

CCAATTGG

CCAAUUGG

GGUUAACC

GGTTAACC

Since the only type of molecule that a gene can code for is a protein, how is it that a trait relating to the metabolism of carbohydrate can be influenced by genes?

Enzyme proteins are broken down into carbohydrates

Enzyme proteins influence carbohydrate metabolism

Carbohydrates are protein molecules

Carbohydrates react with proteins in the body

What is the role of the ribosome in protein synthesis?

It is where mRNA synthesis occurs

It is where DNA synthesis occurs

It is where protein synthesis occurs

It is where gene synthesis occurs

The action of disrupting the three-dimensional shape of a protein is termed

Dehydration

Denaturation

Deamination

Hydrolysis

{"name":"BIOCHEM", "url":"https://www.quiz-maker.com/QPREVIEW","txt":"Test your knowledge of biochemistry with our comprehensive quiz covering digestion, ATP production, and metabolic pathways. Challenge yourself with 97 questions designed to deepen your understanding of the essential biochemical processes that sustain life.Key features of the quiz include:Multiple choice questions on key biochemistry concepts.Interactive format to engage learners of all levels.Instant feedback on your answers to help you learn.","img":"https:/images/course3.png"}