Life Science

The main function of the cerebellum is ___________.
Sence reception
Posture and balance
Conciousness
Homeostastis
Symptoms of schizophrenia tend to appear
Over the age of 65
In childhood
In early adulthood
In middle age
Which of the following has been used as a prescribed treatment for anxiety?
Noradreniline
Metaformin
Barbiturates
Beta interferon
At resting potential the inside of the neuron is ________ compared to the outside
Positive
Under ionic pressure
Underactive
Negative
What would be the typical order of progression of the stages of alcoholic liver disease?
Alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis, alcoholic fatty liver disease
Alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis
Cirrhosis, alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis
Alcoholic hepatitis, alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis
Which statement best describes the incidence of stroke in the UK population?
Strokes occur only in older people.
Stroke predominantly affects young children.
The incidence of stroke is spread quite uniformly throughout different age groups.
Most people affected by stroke are aged over 65, although the condition can affect people of any age.
Which of the following health problems is NOT a common long-term complication of stroke?
Cognitive problems
Fatigue
Tremors
Depression
Which of the following saccharides (sugar molecules) may be used to treat cerebral oedema after severe stroke?
Lactose
Mannitol
Cellulose
Glycogen
Which of the below is NOT a risk factor for stroke?
Abnormal heartbeat/previous heart attack
Depression
Cigarette smoking
Diabetes
Vasospasm (constriction of a nearby blood vessel) is a post-stroke complication that can lead to brain damage. Which of the drugs below can block calcium channels to help prevent vasospasm?
Buspirone
Donepezil
Clozapine
Nimodipine
Which of the following statements about stroke is INCORRECT?
Stroke symptoms may be alleviated by the use of beta-blockers
The most common form of stroke is termed ischaemic stroke
Stroke results from neuronal death following nutrient and oxygen deprivation
Most people affected by stroke are over 65
Neuroglial cells support and provide nutrition for the ________.
Nephrons
Glands
Muscle cells
Neurons
Which of the following are the parts of neurons?
Brain, spinal cord, and vertebral column
Sensory and motor
Dendrite, axon, and cell body
Cortex, medulla and sheath
What is the general name that describes the pons, medulla and midbrain?
The rhinencephalon
The mesencephalon
The brainstem
The diencephalon
Which lobe contains the primary visual cortex?
The occipital lobe
The temporal lobe
The hippocampal lobe
The frontal lobe
The brain and spinal cord are protected by membranes known as the ________
Axomembranes
Meninges
Nodes of Ranvier
Myelin sheath
Arrange these action potential events in their proper sequence: 1) threshold voltage is reached 2) K+ gates begin to open 3) membrane is depolarised 4) Na+ gates begin to open 5) membrane repolarization begins
4, 3, 2, 1, 5
1, 2, 4, 3, 5
4, 2, 1, 5, 3
1, 4, 3, 2, 5
The action potential is measured in millivolts (mV) and is ranged fromThe action potential is measured in millivolts (mV) and is ranged from
-30mV to +60mV
-90mV to +20mV
-70mV to +30mV
-65mV to +40mV
A neuron undergoes repolarisation (i.e. The downward swing of a measured action potential) when
Potassium ions move into the axon
Sodium ions move into the axon
Potassium ions move out of the axon
Sodium ions move out of the axon
A refractory period is
Is a reverse impulse that resets the sodium and potassium balance
The same as the resting potential
The period during which potassium and sodium ions are completely stable
A brief time when a neuron is unable to conduct an impulse
Action Potentials
Are all-or-nothing events
Are summable
Are amplifiable
Result from facilitated diffusion
What occurs sequentially when the nerve impulse is transmitted from the synapse of one neuron to the postsynaptic neuron?
The nerve impulse is transmitted to the postsynaptic neuron by a direct connection between the two.
The synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft by exocytosis
The nerve impulse is transmitted to the axon of the postsynaptic neuron
The nerve impulse is transmitted next to the axon of the presynaptic neuron
Transmission across a synapse is achieved mainly by a________
Physical contact of axon to dendrite allowing the nerve impulse to continue onward
Diffusion of sodium ions across the cleft
Diffusion of neurotransmitter across the synaptic cleft
Ionic bonding
Acetylcholine and norepinephrine are two well-known _________.
Drugs of abuse
Neurotransmitters
Enzymes that rapidly inactivate neurotransmitters
Postsynaptic receptors
Acetylcholine and norepinephrine act because of their affect on receptors at the ________ membrane
Postsynaptic
Cell body
Presynaptic
Axonal
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