ESE MODULE 4

A detailed illustration of groundwater flow with aquifers, water tables, and geological layers, showing both saturated and unsaturated zones in an engaging, educational style.

Groundwater and Aquifer Knowledge Quiz

Test your understanding of groundwater and aquifers with this comprehensive quiz! Dive into topics like water tables, aquifers, inflow and outflow processes, and more.

Whether you're a student, teacher, or just curious about water resources, this quiz is designed to enhance your knowledge.

105 questions covering various aspects of groundwater
Learn about saturated and unsaturated zones
Understand aquifers and their importance

105 Questions26 MinutesCreated by FlowingWell321

It is the proportion of void space in the material. It May be expressed by percentage or decimal fraction

It is the measure of how readily the fluid pass through the material

It pertains to all of the water occupying pore space below the ground surface

- Water in the saturated soil is called what

A zone in which all the pores and rock fractures are filled with water

A body of rock and/or sediment that holds groundwater.

- Rock or soil above saturated zone, pore spaces are partly filled with water, partly with air

The Water in unsaturated zone is called what?

It is the Top surface of the saturated zone where saturated zone is not confined by overlying impermeable rocks.

Water table is always below the ground surface

True

False

Process of infiltration and migration or percolation by which water is replaced.

It represents the outflow of groundwater from underground aquifers

- Rock that holds enough water and transmits it rapidly enough to be useful as a source of water.

Rock that may store a considerable quantity of water but which water flow is slowed or retarded

These are the common aquitard.

Extreme aquitard, a rock that is essentially impermeable on a human timescale. The term is disused.

This type of aquifer occurs when the aquifer is directly overlain only by permeable rocks and soil. May be recharged by infiltration

This type of aquifer is Bounded above and below by low permeability rocks (Aquitards).

If a well drilled into a confined aquifer, the water can rise above its level in the aquifer because of hydrostatic pressure. This system is called?

This represents the height to which the water’s pressure would raise the water if the water were unconfined.

It is the Circular lowering of water table immediately around the well in an unconfined aquifer

When there are many closed spaced wells, the cones of depression are adjacent.

True

False

- Lowering of the water surface also contributes in the formation of

- Fresh water falling on land does not mix readily with saline ground water

- are a partial solution to the problem of areas where groundwater use exceeds natural recharge rate, but they are effective only where there is surface runoff to catch, and they rely on precipitation.

Dissolution of rocks by subsurface water, and occasional collapse into resultant cavities, creates terrain called

One of the parameters used in describing water quality, sum of concentration of all dissolved solids.

Simply contains substantial amounts of dissolved calcium and magnesium.

The process by which the dissolved mineral salts in water are removed

It is a method to purify dissolved minerals wherein the water is passed through fine filters or membranes to screen out dissolved impurities.

Involves heating or boiling water full of dissolved minerals.

Those unconsolidated material, overlying bedrock, capable of supporting plant growth. Produced by weathering

- loose material on the lunar it encompasses, all unconsolidated material at the surface, fertile or not.

- matter that has been transported and redeposited by wind, water, or ice.

is the physical breakup of rocks without changes in the rocks’ composition.

- involves the breakdown of minerals. Climate plays a major role in the intensity of chemical weathering.

Effects can be either mechanical or chemical. Among the mechanical effects is the action of tree roots in working into cracks to split rocks apart.

Blanket of soil between bedrock and atmosphere

Layer of soil consisting wholly of organic matter

Below O horizon, consists of the most intensively weathered rock material, being the zone most exposed to surface processes, mixed with organic debris from above.

Below the A horizon, is also known as the zone of leaching.

Below the B horizon, is a zone consisting principally of very coarsely broken-up bedrock and little else.

Soil property that tends to reflect compositional characteristics.

Is related to the sizes of fragments in the soil. Sand, Clay, Silt, Loam (mixture of three particles)

Relates to the soil’s tendency to form lumps or clods of soil particles.

This process can indicate something of a soil’s composition and perhaps its origins

Humid regions) - comes from the prefix pedo - and the Latin words for aluminium (aluminium) and iron (ferrum).

(dry climate) - The presence of calcium carbonate makes ____ more alkaline

- Laterite may be regarded as an extreme kind of pedalfer. Develop in tropical climates

involves physical removal of material from one place to another.

A rock in which a valuable or useful metal occurs at a concentration sufficiently high, relative to average rocks, to make it economically worth mining.

- is the term given to unusually coarse-grained igneous intrusions

Provide raw materials for the ceramics industry, are common in pegmatites. Many pegmatites also are enriched in uncommon elements.

Occur as pipe like intrusive bodies that must have originated in the mantle

Is the most heavily used metal and it is also one of the most common metals

Is another relatively common metal, and it is the second most widely used.

Is primarily used for electrical applications because it is an excellent conductor of electricity

Metals used in batteries

Coating on steel cans keeps the cans from rusting,

Is used not only for jewelry, in the arts, and in commerce, but also in the electronics industry and in dentistry.

Is an excellent catalyst, a substance that promotes chemical reactions.

May be recovered from petroleum during refining, from volcanic deposits and from evaporites.

Also called as rock salt, is used principally as a source of the sodium and chlorine of which it is composed,

Is essential to the manufacture of plaster, Portland cement, and wallboard for construction.

Rock and potassium-rich potash are key ingredients of the synthetic fertilizers.

Is not a single mineral, but a group of layered hydrous silicates that are formed at low temperature

Used in construction, especially in making cement and concrete

Sand used in industry, particularly for glassmaking

- are generally much less apparent than surface mines.

Is practical when a large, three dimensional ore body is located near the surface.

- more often used to extract coal

- usually involves regarding the area to level the spoil banks and to provide a more gently sloping land surface;

Refers to any remains or evidence of ancient life.

- are those energy sources that formed from the remains of once living organisms.

- Most or all of the petroleum is further broken down into very simple, light, gaseous molecules-that is called what?

A process where heavier hydrocarbons may be broken up during refining into smaller, lighter molecule

- commonly discussed in units of barrels (1 barrel = 42 gallons).

- Recovery using no techniques beyond pumping

- is when flow falls off, water may be pumped into the reservoir, filling empty pores and buoying up more oil to the well.

From accidents during drilling of offshore oil wells and 2. From wrecks of oil tankers at sea.

- potential fuel in oil shale is a sometimes-waxy solid, which is formed from the remains of plants, algae, and bacteria.

Also known as oil sands, are sedimentary rocks containing a very thick, semisolid, tarlike petroleum called bitumen.

- is the splitting apart of atomic nuclei into smaller ones, with the release of energy.

- the combining of smaller nuclei into larger ones, also releasing energy. Fissionable nucleus of most interest in modern nuclear power reactors is the isotope of uranium with 92 protons and 143 neutrons, uranium-235.

- heating that typically combines direct use of sunlight

Simplest approach using solar heating that does not require mechanical assistance.

Usually involves the mechanical circulation of solar-heated water

Direct production of electricity using sunlight is accomplished through photovoltaic cells, also called simply “solar cells”.

Contains a great deal of heat, some of it left over from its early history, some continually generated by decay of radioactive elements in the earth. Ex. Mt. Apo Geothermal Plant

- energy of falling or flowing water which has been used for centuries.

- ultimately powered by the sun, wind energy can be regarded as a variant of solar energy.

Become a catchall for various ways of deriving energy from biomass, from organisms or from their remains. Three broad categories of biofuels: wood, w aste, and alcohol fuels.

Means any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological properties of the atmospheric air, or any discharge thereto of any liquid, gaseous or solid substances.

Means any matter found in the atmosphere other than oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor, carbon dioxide

Refers to general amount of pollution present in a broad area;

The air around us

Released directly from the source into the air

- converted to a hazardous form after they enter the air or are formed by chemical reactions

Those that do not go through a smoke stack; hard to track

Include evaporation of sea spray, erosion of sulfate-containing dust from arid soils, fumes from volcanoes

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