מבחן 3

3. The first democratic elections in Russia were conducted __________, despite fears of widespread violence.

(1) additionally

(2) thoughtlessly

(3) peacefully

(4) affordably

5. Honduras, where the average ____________ is less than $2,000 a year, is one of the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere.

(1) errand

(2) factor

(3) burden

(4) income

6. A new _____________ in space exploration began on October 4, 1957, when the first satellite, Sputnik, was launched by the Soviet Union.

(1) fund

(2) era

(3) lapse

(4) core

7. When King Richard I left England to fight in the Crusades, his brother John ruled the country in Richard's ____________.

(1) comparison

(2) cushion

(3) absence

(4) annoyance

8. In Japanese cities, where living space is __________ , the typical family lives in a two-room apartment, with everyone sleeping in the same room.

(1) broad

(2) scarce

(3) clumsy

(4) mature

9. Aspirin is an effective means of preventing dangerous blood clots; __________, it is inexpensive and has few side effects.

(1) nevertheless

(2) moreover

(3) however

(4) therefore

10. Each year, the United States Border Patrol ___________ more than one million people attempting to cross the border illegally.

(1) transcribes

(2) worships

(3) apprehends

(4) initiates

11. Scientists are compiling a global database of all of the world's existing species that will integrate information currently ____________ in hundreds of research facilities, libraries and universities.

(1) contradicted

(2) involved

(3) obstructed

(4) scattered

Restatements

This part consists of several sentences, each followed by four possible ways of restating the main idea of that sentence in different words. For each question, choose the one restatement which best expresses the meaning of the original sentence.

Restatements

12. George Washington was the sole planner and architect of his home, Mount Vernon.

(1) The only home George Washington ever designed was Mount Vernon.

(2) George Washington designed Mount Vernon by himself.

(3) The architectural plans for George Washington's home were unique.

(4) George Washington hired the best architects to plan his home.

13. In his book The Kuzari, Yehuda Halevi creates an imaginary dialogue between a king and a sage as a means of setting forth his philosophical beliefs.

(1) As a way to present his philosophical ideas, Yehuda Halevi invents a discussion between a king and a sage in his book The Kuzari.

(2) The king and the sage in Yehuda Halevi's The Kuzari hold a philosophical discussion about creativity and the imagination.

(3) In The Kuzari, written by Yehuda Halevi, a sage imagines that he is having a dialogue with a king, to whom he explains his philosophical ideas.

(4) The king in Yehuda Halevi's book The Kuzari sets out on a journey to find a sage who is willing to teach him the basic ideas of philosophy.

14. Only twelve percent of New Zealand's workforce is employed in agriculture, yet agricultural products are the mainstay of the country's economy.

(1) Although farming is vital to the economy of New Zealand, most of the country's workers are not employed in agriculture.

(2) New Zealand's economy has remained stable mainly because only a small fraction of the workforce is involved in agriculture.

(3) Although the country's economy is strong, more than twelve percent of the population of New Zealand has to work in agriculture.

(4) Because of the state of the economy, twelve percent of New Zealand's agricultural workforce is no longer employed.

15. A number of prominent neuroscientists believe that Freudian ideas persist for one simple reason: science has failed to provide an obviously superior explanation of the psyche.

(1) Most neuroscientists disagree with Freud's ideas about the psyche, but they have failed to provide a better explanation of their own.

(2) Though neuroscientists have so far failed to disprove Freudian theories of psychology, they persist in their attempts to do so.

(3) Freud's theories of the mind are still accepted only because science has not been able to offer a more convincing alternative, according to some well-known neuroscientists.

(4) Some prominent neuroscientists continue to believe in Freudian theories because they do not think there is any conflict between Freud's explanations of the psyche and their own.

16. While acid rain is commonly presumed to be a twentieth-century phenomenon, the term was coined in the nineteenth century to describe the polluted rainfall of Manchester, England.

(1) While acid rain is known to be a twentieth-century phenomenon, polluted rainfall was observed even in the nineteenth century.

(2) The term "acid rain" was coined in the nineteenth century, but it was not used to refer to polluted rainfall until the twentieth century.

(3) While acid rain is mistakenly thought to be a twentieth-century phenomenon, it was actually common even in the nineteenth century.

(4) The term "acid rain" was first used in the nineteenth century to describe polluted rain; the problem did not begin in the twentieth century, as many people believe.

17. George Herbert's religious poems appeal to readers irrespective of their own beliefs.

(1) It is clear from the poems of George Herbert that he respected religious beliefs that differed from his own.

(2) George Herbert's poems encourage his readers to explore their own religious beliefs.

(3) The appeal of George Herbert's poems stems from the religious beliefs that they express.

(4) It is not necessary to share George Herbert's beliefs in order to enjoy his religious poems.

Reading comprehension

This part consists of two reading passages, each followed by several related questions. For each question, choose the most appropriate answer based on the text.

Reading comprehension

This part consists of two reading passages, each followed by several related questions. For each question, choose the most appropriate answer based on the text.

Which of the following best illustrates Cavell's belief that she "must have no hatred or bitterness for anyone" (line 4)?

(1) She moved from London to Brussels.

(2) She was executed by firing squad.

(3) She made a full confession to the Germans.

(4) She treated wounded soldiers regardless of their nationality.

19. The main purpose of the second paragraph is to -

(1) discuss Cavell's professional accomplishments

(2) explain why Cavell helped soldiers escape

(3) discuss Cavell's training in London

(4) explain why Cavell went to the Berkendael Institute

20. In line 22, "grew suspicious" could be replaced by -

(1) realized that many Belgians had false identification papers

(2) discovered that more than two hundred soldiers had escaped

(3) decided to arrest Cavell for collaborating

(4) guessed that Cavell was helping British, French and Belgian soldiers

21. In lines 24-25, the phrase "appeals for clemency" refers to -

(1) requests that Cavell not be executed

(2) attempts to honor Cavell for her work

(3) Cavell's full confession

(4) Cavell's death by firing squad

22. An appropriate title for the text would be -

(1) Edith Cavell: Patriot or Collaborator?

(2) The Berkendael Institute: Teaching Hospital and Hiding Place

(3) Nursing in German-Occupied Belgium

(4) Edith Cavell: A Heroic Nurse

23. The main purpose of the text is to -

(1) explain what an automated highway is and describe an existing one that operates successfully

(2) explain why cars that "drive themselves" are safer than today's vehicles

(3) discuss the problem of overcrowded modern highways and propose a possible solution

(4) discuss the use of computers to improve highway safety in urban areas

25. The main purpose of the second paragraph is to discuss -

(1) how highways can accommodate growing urban areas

(2) why expanding existing roads is so expensive

(3) how existing roadways can be used more efficiently

(4) why building new roads is not a good solution for traffic problems

26. The main purpose of the last paragraph is to -

(1) show how inexpensive building automated highways would be

(2) explain how automated highways would operate

(3) discuss some advantages of building automated highways

(4) compare average speeds on automated and conventional highways

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