The Molecular Basis of Inheritance
The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Quiz
Test your knowledge on the molecular basis of inheritance with this engaging quiz! Explore key concepts related to DNA structure, replication, and genetic material through a series of thought-provoking questions.
Whether you're a student, teacher, or just passionate about genetics, this quiz offers a fun way to challenge yourself and deepen your understanding. Here are some things you can expect:
- 20 Multiple Choice Questions
- Focus on DNA and genetics
- Instant feedback on your answers
In his work with pneumonia-causing bacteria and mice, Griffith found that
A. A protein coat from pathogenic cells was able to transform nonpathogenic cells.
B. Bacteriophages injected DNA into bacteria.
C. Some substance from pathogenic cells was transferred to nonpathogenic cells, making them pathogenic.
D. The polysaccharide coat of bacteria caused pneumonia.
E. heat-killed pathogenic cells caused pneumonia.
In analyzing the number of different bases in a DNA sample, which result would be consistent with base-pairing rules?
A. A + T = G + T
B. A + G = C + T
C. A = G
D. A= C
E. G = T
Individuals with the disorder xeroderma pigmentosum are hypersensitive to sunlight because their cells have an impaired ability to
A. replicate DNA.
B. Recombine homologous chromosomes during meiosis.
C. Repair thymine dimers.
D. exchange DNA with other cells.
E. Undergo mitosis.
In the nucleosome, the DNA is wrapped around
A. satellite DNA.
B. Polymerase molecules.
C. A thymine dimer.
D. histones.
E. Ribosomes.
Which of the following people conducted experiments that demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material of bacteriophages?
A. McCarty and MacLeod
B. Watson and Crick
C. Franklin and Wilkins
D. Griffith
E. Hershey and Chase
Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction?
A. topoisomerase
B. primase
C. DNA ligase
D. helicase
E. DNA polymerase
A eukaryotic cell lacking active telomerase would
A. Be unable to connect Okazaki fragments.
B. Have a greater potential to become cancerous.
C. Experience a gradual reduction of chromosome length with each replication cycle.
D. Be unable to take up DNA from the surrounding solution.
E. Be unable to identify and correct mismatched nucleotides.
In a nucleotide, the nitrogenous base is attached to the sugar's ___________ carbon and the phosphate group is attached to the sugar's __________ carbon.
A. 2'; 3'
B. 1'; 3'
C. 1'; 2'
D. 2'; 1'
E. 1'; 5'
Why is the new DNA strand complementary to the 3' to 5' strands assembled in short segments?
A. It is more efficient than assembling complete new stands
B. The replication forks block the formation of longer strands
C. Only short DNA sequences can extend off the RNA primers
D. DNA polymerase can assemble DNA only in the 5' to 3' direction
E. DNA polymerase can assemble DNA only in the 3' to 5' direction
What is the function of topoisomerase?
A. Relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork
B. Unwinding of the DNA helix
C. Stabilizing single-stranded DNA at the replication fork
D. The addition of methyl groups to bases of DNA
E. Elongation of new DNA at a replication fork by addition of nucleotides to the existing chain
What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized?
A. The origins of replication occur only at the 5' end.
B. DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3' end of the growing strand.
C. DNA ligase works only in the 3' to 5' direction.
D. Helicases and single-strand binding proteins (SSBPs) work at the 5' end.
E. Polymerase can work on only one strand at a time.
A biochemist isolates, purifies, and combines in a test tube a variety of molecules needed for DNA replication. When she adds some DNA to the mixture, replication occurs, but each DNA molecules consists of a normal strand paired with numberous segments of DNA a few hundred nucleotides long. What has she probably left out of the mixture?
A. primase.
B. mucleotides.
C. DNA ligase.
D. DNA polymerase.
E. Okazaki fragments.
Which of the following help to hold the DNA strands apart while they are being replicated?
A. ligase
B. Primase
C. single-strand binding proteins
D. exonuclease
E. DNA polymerase
Multiple origins of replication on the DNA molecules of eukaryotic cells serve to
A. Shorten the time necessary for DNA replication.
B. Remove errors in DNA replication.
C. Create multiple copies of the DNA molecule at the same time.
D. Reduce the number of "bubbles" that occur in the DNA molecule during replication.
E. Assure the correct orientation of the two strands in the newly growing double helix.
Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. Approximately, what percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine?
A. 38
B. It cannot be determined from the information provided.
C. 12
D. 24
E. 31
How would the shape of a DNA molecules change if adenine paired with guanine and cytosine paired with thymine? The DNA molecule would
A. Have regions where no base-pairing would occur.
B. Have irregular widths along its length.
C. Be longer.
D. Be circular.
E. Be shorter.
After DNA replication is completed,
A. There are four double helices.
B. Each new DNA double helix consists of one old DNA strand and one new DNA strand.
C. one DNA double helix consists of two old strands and one DNA double helix consists of two new strands.
D. Each new DNA double helix consists of two new strands.
E. Each of the four DNA strands consists of some old strand parts and some new strand parts.
The elongation of the leading strand during DNA synthesis
A. produces Okazaki fragments.
B. Occurs in the 3' to 5' direction.
C. Does not require a template strand.
D. Depends on the action of DNA polymerase.
E. Progresses away from the replication fork.
Synthesis of a new DNA strand usually begins with
A. A thymine dimer.
B. an Okazaki fragment.
C. a DNA primer.
D. an RNA primer.
E. DNA ligase.
The spontaneous loss of amino groups from adenine in DNA results in hypoxanthine, an uncommon base, opposite thymine. What combination of proteins could repair such damage?
A. DNA ligase, replication fork proteins, adenylyl cyclase
B. telomerase, primase, DNA polymerase
C. telomerase, helicase, single-stranded binding protein (SSBP)
D. nuclease, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase.
E. nuclease, telomerase, primase
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