Modern World History Semester 2 Final Chapter 13

"What is a microbe that is not harmful to man or to a given animal species? It is a living being which does not posses the capacity to multiply in our body or in the body of an animal. But nothing proves that if the same microorganism should chance to come into contact with some other of the thousands of animal species in the Creation, it might invade it and render it sick. Its virulence might increase by repeated passages through that species, and might eventually affect man or domesticated animals." -Louis Pasteur Which of the following statements is a reasonable inference to draw from this quote?
Microbes cannot multipy
Microbes are harmful only to humans
A microbe can change over time and become harmful
Microbes that do not cause harm to human beings are incapable of causing disease
According to Marx and Engels, establishing a society based on cooperation and equal distribution of wealth would require
An energy crisis
Development of a wealthy industrial class
Universal public education
A world wide revolution
In which of the following pairs was the second development dependent on the first devevolment?
Invention of internal combustion engine / English railroad boom
Introduction of assembly line / invention of automobile
Development of Bessemer process / construction of first iron bridge
Invention of dynamo / sending of first telegraph message
"Marks of former convulsions on every part of the surface of our planet are obvious and striking. The remains of marine animals imbedded in the solid strata are so abundant, that they may be expected to force themselves on the observation of every people who have made some progress in refinement..." - Charles Lyell The scientist quoted above attempted to prove that
All atoms are basically alike
Members of each species competed to survive
The Earth had formed over millions of years
Certain microbes might cause specific infectious diseases
Leaders of the temperance movement argued that ban on alcohol would lead to
Greater employment opertunities for women in factories
An increase in the number of workers who could read and write
Increase property rights for women
A decrease in domestic violence
Construction of city sewer systems contributed to
A decrease in urban crime
A drastic reduction in the death rate
Better hygiene in field hospitals
The rise of big business
Which inventor's work is shown in use in this photo?
James Watt
Alfred Nobel
Henery Bessemer
John D. Rockefeller
The practice of enclosure helped increase farm out puts by
Creating employment for farm laborers
Making it possible to plant seeds in rows
Reclaiming rich farmland from the sea
Increasing the land avaliable for agriculture
"In place of the bourgeois society, with its classes and class antagonisms, we shall have an association, in which the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all." Who was most likely author of the above quotation?
David Ricardo
Jeremy Bentham
Adam Smith
Karl Marx
Which statement best reflects the values of the social gospel movement?
"Survival of the fittest is the key to all progress."
"A woman's placeis in the home."
"Feed the hungry and comfort the sick."
'Workers of the world, unite!"
The following quotation from a twentieth century dictator reflects the values and beliefs of what theory that emerged during the Industrial Age? "Truly, this earth is a trophy cup for the industrious man. And this rightly so, in the service of natural selection. He who does not possess the necessities of life. He must step aside and allow stronger peoples to pass him by." -Adolf Hitler
Utopian Socialism
Communism
Social Darwinism
Utilitarianism
The following quotation reflects the main ideas of which economic thinker? "The constant effort towards population, which is found to act even in the most vicious societies, increases the number of people before the means of subsistence are increased."
Adam Smith
Robert Owens
Thomas Malthus
Karl Marx
Why was the industrialization of Belgium significant?
Belgium quickly became the leading industrial power in Europe
Belgium was the first country to apply steam power to transportation
Belgium developed the corporation as a means of rising capital
Belgium broke Britain's monopoly on industrial technology
The invention shown above (Mercedes Car) would not have been possible without the earlier invention of the
Electric dynamo
Internal combustion engine
Steam engine
Flying shuttle
Which statement most accurately describes the education of middle class girls and boys during the late Industrial Age?
Girls and boys enjoyed equal educational opportunities
Few middle class children went to school because they had to work
Education increased for boys, but most girls were denied an education
Boys were more likely than girls to receive industrial science and mathematics
Mass production, which created an increase in the quality of goods produced, led to
More consumer goods available to more people
Higher wages and shorter hours
An increase in the cost of factory-made goods
An increase in the number of workers factories needed
What did Karl Marx predict would be the final result of centuries of class struggle and economic competition?
The proletariat would become a new ruling class
Private ownership of farms and factories would be abolished
Communist dictatorships would arise around the world
Overpopulation would result in widespread poverty
"Yes; the machine turns off a regular quantity or cardings, and of course, they must keep as regularly to their work the whole of the day; they must keep with the machine, and therefore however humane the slubber [the boss] may be, as he must keep up with the machines or be found fault with, he spurs the children to keep up also by various means but that which he commonly resorts to is to strap them when they become drowsy." This is the excerpt from an 1832 report, which resulted in
Increase employment of children in textile mills
Higher wages for skilled workers
The legalization of organized labor unions
New regulations to ease working conditions for children
In practice, which economic system led to the highest degree of government control over economic decisions?
Marxism
Utopian Socialism
Utilitarianism
Laissez-Faire Capitalism
"Shortly before mid-day I placed the single earphone to my ear and started listening... I heard, faintly but distinctly, pip-pip-pip.... I now felt for the first time absolutely certain that the day would come when mankind would be able to send messages without wires not only across the Atlantic, but between the farthermost ends of the earth." The most likely speaker of the above quotation was
Samuel F.B. Morse
Alexander Graham Bell
Thomas Edison
Guglielmo Marconi
"We have been driven to the conclusion that only through legislation can any improvement be effected, and that that legislation can never be effected until we have the same power as men have to bring pressure to bear upon our representatives and upon Governments to give us the necessary legislation... We are here not because we are law-breaks; we are in our efforts to become law-makers." -Emmeline Pankhurst Which statement best summarizes the main idea of the above quotation?
Women must have the vote in order to win improvements in their lives
Women cannot reform society unless they run for higher office
Women are justified in breaking the law if that will help bring them quality
Women should be equal to men in every aspect of their lives
How did the enclosure movement contribute to the Industrial Revolution?
It increased the urban workforce
It increased demand for manufactured goods
It reduced the influence of the landed aristocracy
It encouraged the development of new sources of energy
Electricity customer increase in England and Whales was a result of an invention by
Micheal Faraday
Henry Ford
Henry Bessmer
Jame Watt
"As many more individuals... Are born than can possibly survive; and as, consequently, there is a frequently recurring struggle for existence, it follows that any being, if it vary however slightly in any manner profitable to itself, under the complex and sometimes varying conditions of life, will have a better chance of surviving, and thus be naturally selected." This quote is an excerpt from which of the following written works?
An Essay on the Principle of Population-Malthus
The Wealth of Nations-Smith
The Communist Manifest-Marx
On the Origin of Species-Darwin
"I cannot paint an angel, because I have never seen one." - Gustave Courbet This quotation reflects the values of an artistic movement that embraced
The Enlightenment faith in the power of reason
The realistic depiction of everyday subjects
The romantic emphasis on imagination
The use of art to expose social ills
Which statement best describes how changes in agriculture supported the early Industrial Revolution?
The enclosure movement created a large class of unemployed agriculture workers
As farming became more profitable, demand for manufactured goods increased
Industrial machinery was needed for dyke building a crop rotation
The growth of canals and railroads made it easier to ship farm products to industrial cities
What is the most likely reason Glasgow, Birmingham, and Lyon became major industrial cities?
They were major port cities
They had access to natural resources needed to industrialize
They had a large number of available workers
They were located on major transportation routes
Which artist was a major roll in the Realism Movement?
Vincent Van Gogh
Edgar Degas
Gustave Courbet
J.M.W. Turner
Which movement which arose during the Industrial Age is reflected in this excerpt from a poem? He prayeth well, who loveth well Both man and bird and beats All things both great and small; For the dear God who loveth us, He made and loveth all. -Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Romanticism
Neoclassicism
Realism
Impressionism
The development of atomic theory in the Industrial Age by scientists such as Dalton and Mendeleyev led to
New developments in chemistry
New theories about the age of Earth
A revolution in communications
Increased life expectancy
The invention of the internal combustion engine was an essential step that eventually led to
The manufacture of stronger steel
Sustained, pilot-controlled flight
Steam-powered ocean travel
Artificial lighting for city streets
The population growth in England was a result of
The rise of the middle class
The growth of factories
Urban planning and reform
The transportation revolution
Watt's Steam-Engine was an invention responsible for a revolution in
The textile industry
Agriculture
Transportation
Communication
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