Principles of Biology Exam One
1. In the hierarchy of life, which of the following is ranked "incorrectly":
Ecosystem > Community > Population > Organism
Organism > Systems > Organs > Tissues
Tissues > Cells > Molecules > Organelles
Organs > Tissues > Cells > Molecules
2. Which taxonomic group comes immediately before genus?
Phylum
Kingdom
Family
Order
3. Which of the following is correct way to write the scientific name of the green sea urchin whose species is droebachiensis and whose genus is strongylocentrotus?
Droebachiensis Strongylocentrotus
Echinodermata droebachiensis
Droebachiensis echinodermata
Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis
4. Which of the following is not a taxonomic domain?
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
Prokarya
5. Which of the following lists of elements make up ~ 96% of the weight of the human body?
Carbon, helium, phosphorus, nitrogen
Carbon, helium, oxygen, nitrogen
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, calcium
6. Which of the following is a trace element?
Iron
Calcium
Phosphorus
Potassium
7. An atom with 6 electrons, has how many electrons in its outermost shell?
2
4
6
8
8. Which type of bond occurs between atoms sharing electrons
Colvalent
Hydrogen
Ionic
Savings
9. What type of bond exists between water molecules?
Colvalent
Hydrogen
Ionic
Bond, James Bond
10. In a water molecule, where do the shared electrons spend most of their time?
Near the hydrogen
Near the oxygen atom
Near the nearest water molecule
On their phones playing pokemon go
11. A carbon atom has how many electrons in its outermost shell?
0
2
4
6
12. Which functional group of organic compounds contains a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom?
Hydroxyl
Carboxyl
Carbonyl
Methyl
13. Which of the following functional groups is non-polar?
Hydroxyl
Phosphate
Methyl
All of the above
14. A carbonyl group bonded to hydroxyl group 'looks' like:
COOH - OH
C = O - NH 2
PO4 - CH3
C = O - OH
15. A carbonyl group bonded to a hydroxyl group, the resulting functional group is called
Amino group
Methyl group
Phosphate group
Carboxyl group
16. Methane is:
One hydrogen atom linked to 3 carbon atoms
One hydrogen atom linked to 4 carbon atoms
One carbon atom linked to 3 hydrogen atom
One carbon atom linked to 4 hydrogen atoms
17. An unlinked monomer has a ______ at one end, and a ______ at the other.
Hydrogen atom; Hydroxyl group
Hydrogen atom; Carboxyl group
Water molecule; Hydroxyl group
Oxygen atom; Carboxyl group
18. True or False. To break a polymer into its respective monomers, a cell must perform a hydrolysis reaction...
True
False
19. The structural carbohydrate used by plants is:
Glycogen
Starch
Chitin
Cellulose
20. The storage carbohydrate used by plants is:
Glycogen
Starch
Chitin
Cellulose
21. Which of the following is not a disaccharide?
Maltose
Succrose
Lactose
Fructose
22. Which of the following is not a lipid?
Cholesterol
Steroid
Polypeptide
Triglyceride
23. A fat molecule contains
1 glycerol molecule and two fatty acids
1 glycerol molecule and three fatty acids
2 glycerol molecules and 1 fatty acid
4 carbon rings fused together
24. True or false: Saturated fats are solid at room temperature ______
True
False
25. Which of the following has double bonds?
Saturated fats
Unsaturated fats
Both 'a' and 'b'
Neither 'a' nor 'b'
26. Which of the following is the major component of cell membranes?
Enzymes
Glycogen
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
27. The monomers that make up a nucleic acid polymer are:
Monosaccharides
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Nucleotides
28. The ______ sequence is the overall, 3-dimensional shape of a protein.
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary
29. ________ sequence occurs when 2 or more polypeptides link together.
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary
30. True or False: Amino acids with a non-polar "R" group are hydrophobic _______
True
False
31. A prion is an infectious:
Carbohydrates
Lipid
Nucleic acid
Protein
32. Which of the following is not a prion disease?
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
Sickle Cell Anemia
Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
Chronic Wasting disease
33. What can you say with certainty about a food that contains only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms?
It contains proteins
It includes nucleic acids
It is a carbohydrate
It is a carbohydrate or a protein
34. Nucleotides are made of:
A 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base
A 5-carbon sugar, an amino group, and a nitrogenous base
A 6-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
A 6-carbon sugar, an amino group, and a nitrogenous base
35. In DNA molecule, the nitrogenous base pairs are held together by what type of bond?
Peptide
Covalent
Ionic
Hydrogen
36. A scientist suspect that the food in an ecosystem may be contaminated with radioactive nitrogen. Which of the following substances should be examined for radioactivity to confirm the presence of radioactive nitrogen? *hint: think about which of the following foods would contain nitrogen
Cell walls (phospholipids) of plants growing in the ecosystem
Fur or nails (keratin) of animals living in the ecosystem
Glucose produced by plants growing in the ecosystem
Starch stored by plants growing in the ecosystem
37. When two monomers combine to form a polymer,
A water molecule must be added
A water molecule is released
Two water molecules must be added
Two water molecules are released
38. Estrogen is a:
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
None of the above
39. The complimentary strand to CTAGGT is:
CTAGGT
CAUCCT
GATCCA
TCGAAC
40. In RNA, adenine always bonds with:
Guanine
Thymine
Uracil
Cytosine
41. Nucleotides are:
Polymers of amino acids
Monomers of polypeptides
Polymers of nucleic acids
Monomers of nucleic acids
42. True or False. Lipids contain half as much energy as carbohydrates _____
True
False
43. Which of the following organic compounds contain nitrogenous bases?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids
44. Which of the following is not part of the cell theory?
All living things are composed of cells
All cells come from pre-existing cells
A cell is the most basic unit of life
Cells require a high surface area to volume ratio
45. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all cells?
DNA
Phospholipid (plasma) membrane
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
46. True or False: Prokaryotic cells are smaller than eukaryotic cells ______
True
False
47. Rough endoplasmic reticulum is lined with:
Mitochondria
Vacuoles
Ribosomes
None of the above
48. An ovarian cell that produces a large amount of estrogen (lipid) would contain a relatively high concentration of:
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Chloroplasts
Lysosomes
49. The core of flagella or cilia consist of:
9 pairs of microfilaments surrounding 1 pair of microfilaments
9 pairs of microtubules surrounding 1 pair of microtubules
9 microfilaments surrounding 1 pair of microfilaments
9 microtubules surrounding 1 pair of microtubules
50. Which of the following is the thinnest?
Intermediate tubules
Microfilaments
Microtubules
Professor McNamara
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