PSYC 2319 MAJOR EXAM 3

#1. Paul is a very tolerant White male. When he meets Bill, an African-American, Paul assumes that Bill will view him as an arrogant spoiled White man. Paul's belief is an example of a(n)

Meta-stereotype.

Prejudice

Own-race bias.

Outgroup homogeneity.

#2. People who are overweight

face less discrimination than minority racial groups

Face more discrimination than minority racial groups in employment settings.

Are perceived as happy and content.

Do not face discrimination.

#3. Kevin has just met Fred, a White American teenage boy. Kevin assumes that Fred would not be a good basketball player because "white men can't jump." This is an example of

Prejudice.

Stereotyping.

discrimination.

sexism.

#4. Elena's boss told her that she is being let go due to company downsizing. Later that day when she gets home, she is critical of her girlfriend's choice of restaurant for dinner. What term best describes Elena's behavior?

Institutionalized aggression

Just-world action

Displaced aggression

Authoritarian regression

#5. Which of the following is TRUE?

Faithful church attendees are more prejudiced than occasional attendees.

Those who scored highest on Gallup's "spiritual commitment" index were less accepting of a person of another race moving in next door.

Those for whom religion is an end in itself express less prejudice than those for whom religion is more a means to an end.

All of the above

#6. According to survey research conducted in the U.S., racial prejudice toward African Americans

is worse than ever today.

Has decreased since the early 1940s.

Has actually increased since the early 1980s.

Decreased from 1940 to 1960, then increased until 1980, and has since stabilized.

#7. Your co-worker tells you that she has both a pet snake and a pet dog at home. You are most likely to describe her to new office employees as a

Snake owner.

Dog owner.

Both a snake owner and a dog owner.

co-worker.

#8. Most Americans agree that

The activities of married women are best confined to the home and family.

They would probably move if Black people came to live in great numbers in their neighborhood.

The two sexes are equally emotional.

they would vote for a qualified woman whom their party nominated for president.

#9. Elvis is a gay man. He believes that every time he speaks people interpret his opinions in terms of his homosexuality and expects to be the victim of prejudice of discrimination. Which of the following best describes Elvis?

He would score high in social dominance orientation.

He would score high in a measure of authoritarianism.

He is very stigma conscious.

He has a self-perpetuating stereotype

#10. Stereotype threat explains why

Individuals hide their prejudicial biases in most social situations.

Individuals sometimes perform poorly when apprehensive about being stereotyped.

people evaluate individuals more positively than groups.

Stereotypes can be unwarranted generalizations across situations.

#11. According to Myers, many disadvantaged youths find pride and identity in gang affiliations, which is their way of

Seeking self-esteem.

Establishing social dominance.

#13. The redirection of aggression to a target other than the source of the frustration is referred to as

Displacement.

Projection.

#14. The study of neural influences on aggression has indicated that

Activating the occipital lobe can cause a tyrant monkey to be more docile.

Activating the amygdala can facilitate aggressive outbursts in humans

#15. Evolutionary theories for aggression explain all of the following EXCEPT why

People fight over resources.

People defend against attacks.

Men try to eliminate other male rivals for females.

some people are more aggressive than others.

#16. It was raining out and Jessie's car had a flat tire. After she managed to fix it, she arrived home late only to find someone had parked in her assigned parking spot. When she entered her apartment, she kicked her pet cat, who was waiting at the door. Jessie's behavior is perhaps most easily explained in terms of

the adaptation-level phenomenon.

The frustration-aggression theory.

#17. Of the following, which is the best example of instrumental aggression?

A group of mercenaries, hired to kill the dictator of a small country, arrange to poison him.

A man smashes his TV set after he cannot get it to work.

A jealous wife finds her husband with another woman and shoots them both.

An angry football player tackles a quarterback after he attempts a long pass.

#18. Kubey and Csikszentmihaly (2002) reported that compared to active recreation, television watching

induces hostile moods.

Sucks people's energy and dampens their moods.

Creates a feeling of relaxation.

#19. Which one of the following does NOT predict increased aggression?

anonymity

Type A personalities

The presence of the researcher

#20. The near consensus among social psychologists is that

sexual materials provide an outlet for bottled-up impulses.

Wars seem to purge aggressive feelings.

Viewing or participating in violence fails to produce catharsis.

#21. Which of the following is false?

In the majority of homicides either the victim or assailant had been drinking.

Thin men are more aggressive after drinking alcohol.

Women are more aggressive after drinking alcohol.

#22. Which of the following is NOT one of the five consistent effects that Anderson (2003) found to be associated with video games?

Increased aggressive thinking.

increased interest in drugs and alcohol.

#23. Jason instigates more and more fights with younger children on the school playground because it gains him the attention and respect of his friends. This most clearly suggests that his aggression is

a learned response.

instinctive

#24. What can we conclude about the relationship between heat and aggression?

There is no relationship between heat and aggression.

Heat suppresses violence.

The correlations between heat and aggression do not prove a causal relationship.

#25. Given the review of research on heat and aggression in the text, you can conclude that the relationship between these two variables is

Negative.

Positive.

#26. Studies on computer composites of faces show that

Perfectly average is quite attractive

Perfectly average is quite unattractive.

#27. In a study of whether or not mimicry increases rapport, van Baaren and his colleagues (2003) found that restaurant servers earned higher tips if they

Possessed similar degrees of physical attractiveness.

Repeated the order back to the customer.

#28. Any truth that may be associated with the what-is-beautiful-is-good stereotype is likely the result of

Self-fulfilling prophecies.

The mere exposure effect.

#29. Physically attractive people tend to be all of the following EXCEPT

More popular.

more humorous

more outgoing.

#31. Self-disclosure involves

revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others.

Stopping oneself from getting involved in an intimate relationship.

#32. Paula has just arrived as a new student on campus and does not know anyone. All else being equal, is she most likely to become friends with Joni who lives next door, with Kristy who lives two doors down, with Beth who lives three doors down, or with Heidi who lives in the room directly above hers?

Joni

Kristy

Beth

#33. In an experiment by Zajonc and his colleagues, participants were exposed to brief novel passages of music while they focused their attention on other tasks. Results indicated that mere exposure led to liking

even when people were unaware of what they had been exposed to.

Only when people were consciously attending to the exposed stimulus.

#34. Functional distance refers to

How often people's paths cross

The natural geographic route between two locations.

#35. In comparison to women, men fall in love more _______ and out of love more _______.

Readily; readily

Readily; slowly

#36. At a party, Ellie meets Rob and Blake. The three get involved in a philosophical discussion that lasts through the evening. By the end of the evening, Ellie has discovered that she and Blake see things eye-to-eye, whereas she and Rob see things differently. All else being equal, Ellie will probably like

Blake better.

Rob better.

#37. Research on proximity and social attraction generally supports the view that

Proximity leads to liking.

Proximity leads to affection and animosity with equal frequency.

#39. Research on the relationship between personality traits and helping behavior revealed that

Personality traits have little to no influence on helping.

the person and the situation interact to predict helping.

#40. In which of the following countries is the norm of social responsibility supported most strongly?

India.

Canada

#41. Batson and his colleagues (1981) had university women watch another woman suffer a series of painful shocks. Some participants were led to feel empathy for her and were then asked if they would trade places, taking her remaining shocks. The results indicated that

Most participants agreed to help but only if they would be rewarded.

Most participants agreed to help even if they knew that their part in the experiment was complete.

Most participants refused to trade places but expressed sympathy and sought compensation for the victim from the experimenters.

#42. In the experimental studies of bystander non-intervention, researchers have

Always first obtained the participant's informed consent.

Been careful to debrief their laboratory participants.

#43. Around the world, compared to non-religious people, all of the following are true of highly religious people except

Highly religious people give more to charities.

Highly religious people have higher incomes

Highly religious people volunteer more often.

Highly religious people are more likely to help strangers

#44. Who of the following is most likely to respond favorably to an unexpected request for a charitable donation to a local hospital?

Melvin's mother, who just received a very favorable job evaluation from her employer

Melvin's father, who is annoyed over the newspaper boy's trampling of his flower bed

#45. A major weakness of the reward theory is that it

Easily degenerates into explaining-by-naming.

Is impossible to test experimentally.

#46. There are many ways to increase helping behaviors in people. Which is NOT one of the ways identified in the chapter?

Introduce yourself by name and other characteristics.

Set up your request so they know you will see them again.

Guilt-laden people don't tend to help others.

#48. From an evolutionary perspective, it would be most difficult to explain why

Ruth risked her life to save a stranger from being murdered.

John paid his son's hospital bill.

#49. According to Latané and Darley (1968) what must happen first for you to offer assistance in an emergency?

You need to notice the incident

You need to take responsibility for the incident

#50. According to the text, the social responsibility norm gets selectively applied according to which one of the following principles?

Give away only what you will never use.

Give but require repayment with interest.

Give people what they deserve.

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PSYC 2319 MAJOR EXAM 3

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